Review
Physics, Multidisciplinary
Igor S. Aranson
Summary: Bacteria, as one of the oldest and most abundant species on Earth, play a significant role in various ecological cycles and can cause infectious diseases. Bacterial suspensions, as examples of active matter, exhibit complex collective behavior. This study provides a critical assessment of the progress in bacterial active matter from a physics perspective, covering experimental results and theoretical approaches.
REPORTS ON PROGRESS IN PHYSICS
(2022)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Song Liu, Suraj Shankar, M. Cristina Marchetti, Yilin Wu
Summary: Active matter is composed of units that generate mechanical work by consuming energy, such as living systems and biopolymers. The goal is to understand and control the self-organization in space and time. Most active systems exhibit spatial order or temporal synchronization, while simultaneous control of spatial and temporal organization requires complex interactions.
Article
Mathematics
Zengji Du, Jiang Liu, Yulin Ren
Summary: This paper investigates the existence of traveling pulse solutions in one-dimensional generalized Keller-Segel system by using the dynamical systems approach, specifically based on geometric singular perturbation theory and Poincare-Bendixson theorem. The dynamics of the system is analyzed using geometric singular perturbation theory, an invariant region for the associated traveling wave equation is sought, and then Poincare-Bendixson theorem is applied to show the existence of traveling pulse solutions. The main results are illustrated with two examples presented as applications.
JOURNAL OF DIFFERENTIAL EQUATIONS
(2021)
Article
Ecology
Landon R. Jones, Robert K. Swihart, David F. Gleich, Geriann Albers, Scott A. Johnson, Cassie M. Hudson, Patrick A. Zollner
Summary: This study extended the use of Maximum clique analysis (MCA) to assess landscape carrying capacity for a population of female bobcats. The researchers incorporated uncertainty into their estimates and compared different algorithms for large-scale areas. The results showed that MCA can be an effective method for assessing wildlife population and landscape capacity while accounting for uncertainty.
Article
Environmental Sciences
Cao Thi Thu Trang, Trinh Thanh, Tran Duc Thanh, Vu Duy Vinh, Tran Anh Tu
Summary: Tam Giang-Cau Hai lagoon is the largest lagoon in Viet Nam, receiving a large amount of wastewater pollution each year, causing adverse effects on aquatic life. The study suggests that building wastewater treatment plants is an important measure to reduce pollution load in the lagoon.
SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT
(2021)
Review
Biochemical Research Methods
Konstantinos T. Konstantinidis, Tomeu Viver, Roth E. Conrad, Stephanus N. Venter, Ramon Rossello-Mora
Summary: Microbial communities in manmade salterns provide an ideal system to study microbial diversity due to their reduced diversity. Recent studies have shown that the dominant bacterial and archaeal taxa in these salterns form persistent populations with sequence-discrete characteristics. Although these populations exhibit extensive gene diversity, only a small number of genes appear to be functionally important during environmental perturbations.
CURRENT OPINION IN BIOTECHNOLOGY
(2022)
Review
Microbiology
Navish Wadhwa, Howard C. Berg
Summary: Bacteria have developed different mechanisms for motility to utilize resources and environments. They can swim in aqueous media through rotation of helical filaments, or move over solid surfaces using various mechanisms such as twitching, gliding, and sliding. Recent technological advances have improved our understanding of the molecular machinery behind bacterial motility.
NATURE REVIEWS MICROBIOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Biology
Yang Bai, Caiyun He, Pan Chu, Junjiajia Long, Xuefei Li, Xiongfei Fu
Summary: The study reveals that E. coli spatially arrange themselves during group migration, with more sensitive bacteria located at the front and less sensitive bacteria positioned towards the back. This simple computational principle may apply to other populations, showing how microbial populations can engage in collective migratory patterns with an emergent ordered behavior from heterogeneous individuals.
Article
Soil Science
Caiwu Wu, Hao Yang, Yan Zheng, Zhiyong Wu, Yue Yang
Summary: This study aimed to analyze the impact of soil organic matter on the zoning results of livestock carrying potential and discuss the vegetation changes in different potential zoning. The results showed improvements in vegetation coverage after grazing prohibition and different distribution patterns of carrying potential in different regions. Based on the multi-year changes in vegetation and spatial distribution of degradation, it is recommended to implement grazing practices to enhance grassland biodiversity and utilization.
SOIL & TILLAGE RESEARCH
(2022)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Djenana Vejzovic, Paulina Piller, Robert A. Cordfunke, Jan W. Drijfhout, Tobias Eisenberg, Karl Lohner, Nermina Malanovic
Summary: Antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) are effective alternative treatments for multi-drug-resistant bacteria. Their mechanism of disrupting bacterial membrane function is broad and not related to antimicrobial resistance. The positive charge of AMPs is crucial for their interaction with bacterial membranes. Electrostatic forces play a more important role in actions on the surface of Gram-negative bacteria than on their cytoplasmic membranes.
Article
Oceanography
Yuning Zhao, Xiongzhi Xue, Yi Huang, Hao Kong
Summary: This research used the matter-element extension method to evaluate the comprehensive carrying capacity of the coastal region of Fujian Province from 2011 to 2018. The evaluation results indicated that the region's comprehensive carrying capacity was moderate and improving year by year.
OCEAN & COASTAL MANAGEMENT
(2021)
Article
Mechanics
Cheng Yan, Rui Liu, Guoqiang Li, Zhuocheng Ou
Summary: The study derived general solutions for the dynamic tensile load-carrying capacity of brittle materials subjected to an arbitrary incident stress wave in the form of Fourier integrals. It was found that these solutions can accurately capture experimental trends and align with previous analytical solutions. The study also highlighted the increasing difficulty in obtaining an explicit analytical solution with the complexity of the incident pulse waveform.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF APPLIED MECHANICS
(2021)
Article
Engineering, Chemical
Jianting Liu, Ruiyan Liu, Yanxue Xu, Xuanyu Chen, Lei Qi
Summary: This paper establishes an index system based on the principle of allocating water resources reasonably, and evaluates the water resources carrying capacity of cities in Henan Province. The results show that the water resources carrying capacity of each city has developed in a sound manner and has shown an increasing trend year by year.
DESALINATION AND WATER TREATMENT
(2022)
Article
Green & Sustainable Science & Technology
Antonio Faggiano, Maria Ricciardi, Oriana Motta, Antonino Fiorentino, Antonio Proto
Summary: Greywater reuse is an effective strategy for adapting to water scarcity caused by climate change. This study explored the use of physical foam fractionation (FF) as a pre-treatment step and Fenton processes as a polishing step to treat greywater. The FF achieved significant removals of COD, TSU, and bacteria. The optimized Fenton processes showed high removal efficiencies for COD, TSU, and bacteria, with the persulfate-based process having lower sludge production and energy consumption compared to Fe2+/H2O2. This research provides a promising technology for future applications.
JOURNAL OF CLEANER PRODUCTION
(2023)
Article
Biodiversity Conservation
Laurentiu Burlacu, Gyorgy Deak, Madalina Boboc, Marius Raischi, Elena Holban, Isabela Sadica, Abdulhusein Jawdhari
Summary: In December 2022, experts from the National Institute for Research and Development in Environmental Protection Bucharest conducted a study on the critically endangered Romanichthys valsanicola. By analyzing public data and habitat area, they found that the natural habitat has the potential to support a higher number of individuals. The study also highlighted the importance of considering behavioral density limitations and trophic availability in assessing ecological carrying capacity.