Article
Neurosciences
Preeti Kar, Jess E. Reynolds, Melody N. Grohs, Rhonda C. Bell, Megan Jarman, Deborah Dewey, Catherine Lebel
Summary: This study found that breastfeeding exclusivity and duration were associated with global and regional white matter microstructure in young children, even after controlling for perinatal and sociodemographic factors. Greater exclusivity was linked to higher fractional anisotropy in females and lower in males.
Article
Neurosciences
Nakul Aggarwal, Jason F. Moody, Douglas C. Dean III, Do P. M. Tromp, Steve R. Kecskemeti, Jonathan A. Oler, Andy L. Alexander, Ned H. Kalin
Summary: The study investigates the early white matter (WM) growth in nonhuman primates by imaging 34 rhesus monkeys longitudinally during the first year of life. The results show a rapid WM development in the initial 10 weeks followed by a decline in growth rates, with distinct gradients observed in WM maturation. Individual differences in WM microstructure at 3 weeks of age were found to be significantly related to those at 1 year of age.
Article
Neurosciences
David K. Wright, Georgia F. Symons, William T. O'Brien, Stuart J. McDonald, Akram Zamani, Brendan Major, Zhibin Chen, Daniel Costello, Rhys D. Brady, Mujun Sun, Meng Law, Terence J. O'Brien, Richelle Mychasiuk, Sandy R. Shultz
Summary: The preliminary study showed that male athletes with SRC reported more severe symptoms compared to female athletes. dMRI revealed white matter differences between SRC athletes and non-concussed athletes at 48 hours post-injury, which persisted at 2 weeks post-injury. Furthermore, male SRC athletes exhibited significantly greater white matter disruption than female SRC athletes. These findings have implications for concussion management, including return-to-play decisions, and enhance our understanding of the role of sex in SRC outcomes.
Article
Neurosciences
Nick Teller, Jordan A. Chad, Alexander Wong, Hayden Gunraj, Xiang Ji, Maged Goubran, Asaf Gilboa, Eugenie Roudaia, Allison Sekuler, Nathan Churchill, Tom Schweizer, Fuqiang Gao, Mario Masellis, Benjamin Lam, Chris Heyn, Ivy Cheng, Robert Fowler, Sandra E. Black, Bradley J. MacIntosh, Simon J. Graham, J. Jean Chen
Summary: By comparing simulation and experimental data, it is found that correlated diffusion imaging method performs better in detecting the effect of COVID-19, which reveals less restricted diffusion in the frontal lobe and more restricted diffusion in the cerebellar white matter in patients, consistent with existing studies.
HUMAN BRAIN MAPPING
(2023)
Article
Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging
Zexuan Hu, Peng Sun, Ajit George, Xiangling Zeng, Mengyan Li, Tsen-Hsuan Lin, Zezhong Ye, Xinhua Wei, Xinqing Jiang, Sheng-Kwei Song, Ruimeng Yang
Summary: Using diffusion basis spectrum imaging (DBSI) to examine the microstructural changes in the substantia nigra (SN) and global white matter (WM) tracts of patients with early-stage PD. The results showed that DBSI could potentially detect and quantify inflammatory cell infiltration, fiber/dendrite loss, and edema in both SN and WM tracts in patients with early-stage PD.
EUROPEAN RADIOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Audiology & Speech-Language Pathology
Eunkyung Kim, Hyejin Kang, Kyu-Hee Han, Hyo-Jeong Lee, Myung-Whan Suh, Jae-Jin Song, Seung-Ha Oh
Summary: The study found that late-onset deaf individuals showed changes in white matter integrity compared to hearing group, with decreased FA and increased RD in several white matter areas. Early-onset deaf group did not show significant differences. In late-onset deaf group, onset-age was positively correlated with RD and negatively correlated with FA, while in early-onset deaf group, white matter integrity was not correlated with onset age.
Article
Psychiatry
Min Xie, Jia Cai, Yunjia Liu, Wei Wei, Zhengyang Zhao, Minhan Dai, Yulu Wu, Yunqi Huang, Yiguo Tang, Liling Xiao, Guangya Zhang, Chuanwei Li, Wanjun Guo, Xiaohong Ma, Wei Deng, Xiangdong Du, Qiang Wang, Tao Li
Summary: This study aimed to investigate the relationship between childhood trauma and white matter deficits in first-episode schizophrenia. The results showed that individuals with first-episode schizophrenia had lower fractional anisotropy (FA) values in several white matter bundles, which were inversely related to the total trauma questionnaire (CTQ) score. Additionally, higher CTQ scores may increase the risk of schizophrenia, while higher FA values may decrease the risk of schizophrenia.
PSYCHIATRY RESEARCH
(2023)
Article
Neurosciences
Alex Luna, Joel Bernanke, Kakyeong Kim, Natalie Aw, Jordan D. Dworkin, Jiook Cha, Jonathan Posner
Summary: The study compared brain predicted age difference in youth using multimodal MRI and stacked ensemble machine learning. Results showed that combining morphometry and connectomes in the model had better performance, serving as a clinically relevant indicator of psychiatric and cognitive functioning in youth.
HUMAN BRAIN MAPPING
(2021)
Article
Clinical Neurology
Melanie A. Matyi, Jeffrey M. Spielberg
Summary: Deficits in negative emotion differentiation are associated with mental health outcomes, but the processes underlying individual differences in negative emotion differentiation are poorly understood. This study examines the relationship between white matter microstructure and negative emotion differentiation, providing insights into its component processes and its link to brain structure.
JOURNAL OF AFFECTIVE DISORDERS
(2023)
Article
Neurosciences
Katherine E. Lawrence, Zvart Abaryan, Emily Laltoo, Leanna M. Hernandez, Michael J. Gandal, James T. McCracken, Paul M. Thompson
Summary: Sex differences in white matter microstructure were examined in over 6000 children between 9 and 10 years old. Significant and replicable differences were found in both conventional and advanced diffusion-weighted imaging metrics. Boys exhibited greater diffusion metrics, while girls showed increased cell density. These findings provide an important foundation for understanding sex differences in health and disease.
HUMAN BRAIN MAPPING
(2023)
Article
Clinical Neurology
Daniel T. Burley, Sila Genc, Timothy J. Silk
Summary: The study utilized Fixel-based analysis to investigate the relationship between childhood conduct problems and microstructural alterations within white matter pathways, revealing that conduct problems were associated with reduced fiber density in multiple pathways.
JOURNAL OF AFFECTIVE DISORDERS
(2021)
Article
Clinical Neurology
Yixin Wang, Jin Liu, Jinwei Lang, Zongtao Hu, Xiuli Xu, Yongkang Zhang, Qi Chen, Lizhuang Yang, Hongzhi Wang, Hai Li
Summary: This study used an along-tract method to explore the dose-response pattern of white matter alterations after radiation therapy in patients with brain metastases. The results showed that the maximum dose was associated with decreased axial diffusivity in the left hemispheric uncinated fasciculus.
Article
Neuroimaging
Samson Nivins, Eleanor Kennedy, Benjamin Thompson, Gregory D. Gamble, Jane M. Alsweiler, Russell Metcalfe, Christopher J. D. McKinlay, Jane E. Harding
Summary: The study found that neonatal hypoglycaemia is associated with smaller deep grey matter brain regions and thinner occipital lobe cortex, but does not alter white matter microstructure.
NEUROIMAGE-CLINICAL
(2022)
Article
Neurosciences
Matthew Kiely, Curtis Triebswetter, Luis E. Cortina, Zhaoyuan Gong, Maryam H. Alsameen, Richard G. Spencer, Mustapha Bouhrara
Summary: This study evaluated sex and age-related differences in white matter microstructure using diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). The results showed that myelin content and axonal density in white matter exhibited nonlinear changes with age, and the posterior white matter regions were more preserved from neurodegeneration compared to anterior regions. Additionally, DTI indices were moderately correlated with myelin content, indicating their sensitivity to other constituents of white matter tissue.
Review
Oncology
Aiman Abdul Manan, Noorazrul Azmie Yahya, Nur Hartini Mohd Taib, Zamzuri Idris, Hanani Abdul Manan
Summary: Diffusion tensor imaging is a non-invasive neuroimaging tool used to visualize the white matter tract of the brain. This study aims to assess the characteristics and criteria of white matter tract microstructure integrity changes in brain tumor patients.
Editorial Material
Clinical Neurology
Deborah Dewey
DEVELOPMENTAL MEDICINE AND CHILD NEUROLOGY
(2023)
Article
Neurosciences
Claire Donnici, Xiangyu Long, Jess Reynolds, Gerald F. Giesbrecht, Deborah Dewey, Nicole Letourneau, Yuankai Huo, Bennett Landman, Catherine Lebel
Summary: Prenatal depressive symptoms are associated with negative outcomes in children and predict later psychopathology. This study investigates the relationship between symptoms and brain structure development over time. Results show that moderate symptoms of prenatal depression are linked to changes in brain regions and networks involved in emotion processing, even in low socioeconomic risk samples.
HUMAN BRAIN MAPPING
(2023)
Article
Neurosciences
Brandon T. Craig, Bryce Geeraert, Eli Kinney-Lang, Alicia J. Hilderley, Keith O. Yeates, Adam Kirton, Melanie Noel, Frank P. MacMaster, Signe Bray, Karen M. Barlow, Brian L. Brooks, Catherine Lebel, Helen L. Carlson
Summary: Developmental lateralization of brain function is crucial for behavioral specialization. This study compares the lateralization of structural connectivity patterns across different age groups and demonstrates that topological lateralization remains consistent throughout development. These findings highlight potential nonlinear mechanisms underlying developmental specialization.
HUMAN BRAIN MAPPING
(2023)
Article
Pediatrics
Danielle S. Costa, Carlo Cianchetti, Deborah Dewey, Antonio Marcos Alvim-Soares Alvim-Soares, Iane Kestelman, Antonio Geraldo da Silva, Leandro F. Malloy-Diniz, Debora M. Miranda, Jonas J. de Paula
Summary: The Child and Adolescent Behavior Inventory (CABI) is a free questionnaire developed to collect information from parents on the behavior of children and adolescents. It assesses various aspects of behavior and psychopathology and can identify children at risk of mental disorders. In this Brazilian study, the authors adapt and validate the CABI.
JORNAL DE PEDIATRIA
(2023)
Article
Neurosciences
Curtis Ostertag, Jess E. Reynolds, Preeti Kar, Deborah Dewey, W. Ben Gibbard, Christina Tortorelli, Catherine Lebel
Summary: This study aimed to investigate the impact of prenatal alcohol exposure (PAE) on the development of the arcuate fasciculus (AF) and pre-reading language skills in young children. The results showed that children with PAE had altered developmental trajectories in AF and exhibited similar brain-language relationships to younger typically developing children, regardless of age.
FRONTIERS IN NEUROSCIENCE
(2023)
Article
Pediatrics
Sarah J. MacEachern, Preeti Kar, Daphne Nakhid, Elena Mitevska, Christina Tortorelli, Nils D. Forkert, Catherine Lebel, Carly A. McMorris, W. Ben Gibbard
Summary: Prenatal alcohol exposure (PAE) has negative effects on children's health, often accompanied by other adverse exposures. The association between multiple adverse exposures and health concerns and atypical behaviors in children with PAE is unclear.
FRONTIERS IN PEDIATRICS
(2023)
Article
Biology
Ford Burles, Rebecca Williams, Lila Berger, G. Bruce Pike, Catherine Lebel, Giuseppe Iaria
Summary: After spaceflight, astronauts experience upward shifting of the brain and redistribution of cerebrospinal fluid. Brain volume changes observed in astronauts are contaminated by preprocessing errors and may not be direct evidence of neuroplastic adaptation. New preprocessing methods or experimental paradigms are needed to resolve this issue in space health research.
Article
Environmental Sciences
Anthony J. F. Reardon, Morteza Hajihosseini, Irina Dinu, Catherine J. Field, David W. Kinniburgh, Amy M. MacDonald, Deborah Dewey, Gillian England-Mason, Jonathan W. Martin, The APrON APrON Study
Summary: This study examined the association between prenatal exposure to PFAAs and child neurodevelopment. The findings suggest that certain PFAAs are associated with lower cognitive and language abilities. Specifically, total PFOS and its isomers were found to be related to lower language abilities. In conclusion, maternal exposure to PFAAs during pregnancy has adverse effects on child neurodevelopment.
ENVIRONMENT INTERNATIONAL
(2023)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Munawar Hussain Soomro, Gillian England -Mason, Jiaying Liu, Anthony J. F. Reardon, Amy M. Macdonald, David W. Kinniburgh, Jonathan W. Martin, Deborah Dewey, APrON Study Team
Summary: This prospective cohort study found that exposure to certain classes of environmental chemicals, including phthalates and perfluoroalkyl acids, is associated with an increased risk of pregnancy-induced hypertension. The findings suggest the importance of considering both individual and multi-chemical exposures when studying predictors of pregnancy-induced hypertension and other maternal cardiometabolic health disorders.
ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH
(2023)
Article
Neurosciences
Meaghan V. Perdue, Marilena M. DeMayo, Tiffany K. Bell, Elodie Boudes, Mercedes Bagshawe, Ashley D. Harris, Catherine Lebel
Summary: Metabolites in the brain have important roles in development, with rapid changes during prenatal and infancy stages. However, there is limited research on neurochemistry changes in early-middle childhood. In this study, we analyzed the levels of key metabolites in two brain regions using magnetic resonance spectroscopy in children aged 2-11 years. We found significant age-related changes in metabolite levels, suggesting their involvement in structural and functional brain development.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Catherine Lebel, Lianne Tomfohr-Madsen, Gerald Giesbrecht, Beatrice Pui Yee Lai, Mercedes Bagshawe, Makayla Freeman, Mary Kate Hapin, Anna MacKinnon, Palak Patel, Melinda van Sloten, Marcel van de Wouw
Summary: This study aimed to understand the impact of COVID-19-related stresses on pregnant individuals and their infants in Canada. The dataset collected includes baseline prenatal data and basic birth outcomes, providing valuable information for researching stress during pregnancy or birth outcomes during the COVID-19 pandemic.
Article
Pediatrics
Fanny Degeilh, Jessica Lacombe-Barrios, Carola Tuerk, Catherine Lebel, Veronique Daneault, Ramy El-Jalbout, Jocelyn Gravel, Sylvain Deschenes, Josee Dubois, Chantale Lapierre, Isabelle Gagnon, Mathieu Dehaes, Thuy Mai Luu, Miriam H. Beauchamp
Summary: This study aimed to compare the effectiveness of a brief behavioral-play familiarization for acquiring non-sedated MRI in young children with and without mTBI and identify factors associated with successful MRI acquisition. The results showed that the success rate of acquiring MRI using behavioral-play familiarization was comparable between the mTBI group and the control group. Factors associated with success included older child age and fewer parental concerns about the MRI procedure.
PEDIATRIC RADIOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Clinical Neurology
Ashley L. Ware, Adrian Onicas, Nishard Abdeen, Miriam H. Beauchamp, Christian Beaulieu, Bruce H. Bjornson, William Craig, Mathieu Dehaes, Sylvain Deschenes, Quynh Doan, Stephen B. Freedman, Bradley G. Goodyear, Jocelyn Gravel, Andree-Anne Ledoux, Roger Zemek, Keith Owen Yeates, Catherine Lebel
Summary: Advanced diffusion-weighted imaging techniques have enhanced understanding of the neuropathology of paediatric mild traumatic brain injury. This study compared the structural connectome of children with concussion to those with mild orthopaedic injury and found that regional network metrics in the post-acute phase can distinguish concussion from mild orthopaedic injury and predict symptom recovery at 1-month post-injury.
BRAIN COMMUNICATIONS
(2023)
Article
Pediatrics
Stanley Mwita, Benjamin Kamala, Eveline Konje, Deogratias Katabalo, Delfina R. Msanga, Karol J. Marwa, Namanya Basinda, Gilbert Kongola, Mary Jande, Deborah Dewey
Summary: This study found that administering the first dose of antenatal corticosteroids (ACS) between 48 hours and 7 days before delivery was associated with a lower risk of perinatal mortality and respiratory distress syndrome (RDS) compared to administering the first dose less than 48 hours before delivery.
JOURNAL OF TROPICAL PEDIATRICS
(2023)
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Laura Rojas, Marcel van de Wouw, Yanan Wang, Elnaz Vaghef-Mehrabani, Deborah Dewey, Raylene A. Reimer, Nicole Letourneau, Tavis Campbell, Marie-Claire Arrieta, Gerald F. Giesbrecht
Summary: This study found associations between prenatal distress and cortisol with both child gut microbiota composition and fecal metabolome at preschool age. Understanding these associations may allow for the identification of microbiota-targeted interventions to support child developmental outcomes affected by prenatal stress.
PSYCHONEUROENDOCRINOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Neurosciences
Jose Sanchez-Bornot, Roberto C. Sotero, J. A. Scott Kelso, Ozguer Simsek, Damien Coyle
Summary: This study proposes a multi-penalized state-space model for analyzing unobserved dynamics, using a data-driven regularization method. Novel algorithms are developed to solve the model, and a cross-validation method is introduced to evaluate regularization parameters. The effectiveness of this method is validated through simulations and real data analysis, enabling a more accurate exploration of cognitive brain functions.
