Article
Chemistry, Applied
Yachao Tian, Chao Yuan, Bo Cui, Lu Lu, Meng Zhao, Pengfei Liu, Zhengzong Wu, Jianpeng Li
Summary: A cinnamaldehyde essential oil (CEO)/beta-Cyclodextrin (p-CD) composite with a high embedding rate was prepared and its properties were investigated. The CEO/beta-CD emulsions showed better storage stability and exhibited different rheological properties compared to beta-CD emulsions.
Article
Chemistry, Applied
Carolina Costa, Pedro Rosa, Alexandra Filipe, Bruno Medronho, Anabela Romano, Lucy Liberman, Yeshayahu Talmon, Magnus Norgren
Summary: Cellulose-based oil-in-water emulsions were studied to investigate the impact of cellulose concentration and mixing rate on droplet size, microrheological properties, and stability. Cellulose effectively adsorbed at the oil-water interface, forming a protective shell structure that prevented droplet coalescence, while the non-adsorbed cellulose in the aqueous medium enhanced viscosity and overall stability. Higher cellulose concentration and mixing rate resulted in smaller emulsion droplets and increased stability, showcasing a promising methodology for novel emulsion-based formulations through a combination of DWS and cryo-SEM.
CARBOHYDRATE POLYMERS
(2021)
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Daniel Hatchell, Wen Song, Hugh Daigle
Summary: This study investigates the impact of interparticle forces on the stability of Pickering emulsions. The findings demonstrate that surface modification and particle interactions can significantly improve the stability of emulsions.
JOURNAL OF COLLOID AND INTERFACE SCIENCE
(2022)
Article
Neurosciences
Vladan Lucic
Summary: This article reviews the importance of electron microscopy in the study of neuronal synapse structures and discusses the use of image processing software methods. Special attention is given to the application of recent cryo-electron microscopy and tomography methods in molecular level analysis.
CURRENT OPINION IN NEUROBIOLOGY
(2022)
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Miguel Ricardo Leung, Tzviya Zeev-Ben-Mordehai
Summary: The different oligomeric forms of acetylcholinesterase (AChE) and butyrylcholinesterase (BChE) have defined cellular and subcellular distributions. While crystal structures of AChE and BChE have been available for many years, structures of the physiologically relevant cholinesterase tetramer were only recently solved by cryo-electron microscopy (cryo-EM). The next frontier in cholinesterase structural biology is to image membrane-anchored ChE oligomers directly in their native environment - the cell.
JOURNAL OF NEUROCHEMISTRY
(2021)
Article
Biology
Xia Wang, Jiaxuan Cheng, Jiawei Shen, Liguo Liu, Ningning Li, Ning Gao, Feng Jiang, Qi Jin
Summary: The extracellular contractile injection systems (eCISs) are present in the genomes of many bacteria and archaea, with Photorhabdus Virulence Cassette (PVC) being a typical member. PVC delivers effectors directly into mammalian macrophages by loading them into the inner tube and injecting them into the cells, disrupting dNTP pools and actin cytoskeleton formation to kill the target cells.
SCIENCE CHINA-LIFE SCIENCES
(2022)
Article
Food Science & Technology
Yu Guo, Chao Wu, Ming Du, Songyi Lin, Xianbing Xu, Pei Yu
Summary: The present study found that 3% casein modulated by solution pH could be an outstanding stabilizer for oil-in-water Pickering HIPEs, with control over rheological properties and enhanced stability and viscoelasticity. The casein particles at different pH levels exhibited varied zeta-potential and three-phase contact angles, indicating their irreversible anchoring at the oil-water interface. The stability of the HIPEs against heating and sensitivity to frozen-thawing treatment were also observed, highlighting the potential of casein particles for providing electrostatic repulsion and steric hindrance to prevent coalescence or flocculation of oil drops in Pickering HIPEs.
LWT-FOOD SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Chemistry, Applied
Bi Wu, Yang Li, Yuanyuan Li, Heng Li, Suping Ji, Qiang Xia
Summary: The study evaluated a novel resveratrol carrier with excellent physical stability and antioxidant properties, no cytotoxicity to cells, sustained release of resveratrol within 12 hours, and significantly enhanced resveratrol accumulation during dermal applications.
REACTIVE & FUNCTIONAL POLYMERS
(2021)
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Sepideh Valimehr, Ashish Sethi, Manjari Shukla, Sudipta Bhattacharyya, Mohsen Kazemi, Isabelle Rouiller
Summary: p97/VCP, a highly conserved AAA+ ATPase, is a significant therapeutic target in the treatment of neurodegenerative diseases and cancer. This review provides an understanding of p97's molecular mechanism during the ATPase cycle and its regulation by cofactors and inhibitors. It compares structural information obtained in different nucleotide states and discusses the impact of pathogenic mutations on p97's conformational changes. Overall, the review emphasizes how the mechanistic knowledge of p97 contributes to the design of pathway-specific modulators and inhibitors.
Article
Chemistry, Applied
Teng Song, Zhiyu Xiong, Tong Shi, Li Yuan, Ruichang Gao
Summary: The study found that glutamic acid and zein combined in the form of noncovalent bonds, altering the characteristics of zein. Glutamic acid induced colloidal particle aggregation, altering the distribution of droplets in the emulsion and increasing protein adsorption on oil droplet surfaces. Hydrophobic and electrostatic interactions were the main driving forces for colloidal particle formation, as determined by force analysis and zeta potential changes.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Lunda Shen, Zhaoming Su, Kailu Yang, Cheng Wu, Thomas Becker, Deborah Bell-Pedersen, Junjie Zhang, Matthew S. Sachs
Summary: The study elucidated the mechanism of action of CHX in inhibiting protein synthesis by arresting the ribosome in the classical PRE translocation state, without interfering with A-site reactivity.
PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA
(2021)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Xian Zhou, Chen-Jun Guo, Chia-Chun Chang, Jiale Zhong, Huan-Huan Hu, Guang-Ming Lu, Ji-Long Liu
Summary: CTPS activity is regulated by the binding of nucleotides and glutamine, with GTP directly blocking ammonia leakage and stabilizing the ammonia tunnel. Cryo-electron microscopy revealed the binding modes of substrates and analogs in Drosophila CTPS, providing insights into allosteric regulation and CTP synthesis mechanisms.
PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA
(2021)
Article
Polymer Science
Hao Cheng, Jie Cao, Wenru Liu, Jun Mei, Jing Xie
Summary: This study characterized an active film made of sodium alginate (SA)-locust bean gum (LBG) containing daphnetin-based film. The addition of daphnetin improved the flexibility and antibacterial activity of the cling film. The results suggest that daphnetin in SA-LBG film could be used to develop food-grade packaging material with antioxidant and antibacterial properties.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Kayo Nozawa, Yoshimasa Takizawa, Leonidas Pierrakeas, Chizuru Sogawa-Fujiwara, Kazumi Saikusa, Satoko Akashi, Ed Luk, Hitoshi Kurumizaka
Summary: The canonical nucleosome is the major packaging unit of eukaryotic chromatin, and the H3-H4 octasome is a nucleosome-like particle with alternative histone stoichiometry. The structure of the H3-H4 octasome is flexible.
PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA
(2022)
Article
Engineering, Chemical
Raul E. Lopez-Hernandez, Sandra E. Garcia-Solis, Ilse Monroy-Rodriguez, Maribel Cornejo-Mazon, Georgina Calderon-Dominguez, Liliana Alamilla-Beltran, Humberto Hernandez-Sanchez, Gustavo F. Gutierrez-Lopez
Summary: This study aimed to prepare stable Pickering emulsions using barley starch nanocrystals as stabilizers, which were obtained by acid hydrolysis. These emulsions showed good stability and viscosity during storage.
JOURNAL OF FOOD ENGINEERING
(2022)