Article
Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science
Victoria Favorit, Wendy R. Hood, Andreas N. Kavazis, Patricia Villamediana, Kang Nian Yap, Hailey A. Parry, Amy L. Skibiel
Summary: Lactation requires increased nutrient and energy usage. Mitochondrial efficiency and biogenesis in the liver are positively associated with milk yield, while skeletal muscle mitochondrial efficiency remains consistent but experiences oxidative damage.
Review
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Miguel Perez-Rodriguez, Jesus R. Huertas, Jose M. Villalba, Rafael A. Casuso
Summary: This study conducted a meta-analysis to investigate the effects of calorie restriction and bariatric surgery on human skeletal muscle mitochondria. The results showed that calorie restriction leads to a decrease in maximal mitochondrial state 3 respiration, while bariatric surgery does not affect mitochondrial respiration and content.
METABOLISM-CLINICAL AND EXPERIMENTAL
(2023)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Ziqing Wang, Erin Brannick, Behnam Abasht
Summary: This integrative study of transcriptomics and metabolomics aimed to improve our understanding of Wooden Breast myopathy (WB). The study found that WB is associated with mitochondrial dysfunctions, impaired antioxidant capacity, and dysregulated biological pathways. The findings highlight the potential of analyzing multi-omics data for gaining further insights into WB.
SCIENTIFIC REPORTS
(2023)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Jordan M. Johnson, Alek D. Peterlin, Enrique Balderas, Elahu G. Sustarsic, J. Alan Maschek, Marisa J. Lang, Alejandro Jara-Ramos, Vanja Panic, Jeffrey T. Morgan, Claudio J. Villanueva, Alejandro Sanchez, Jared Rutter, Irfan J. Lodhi, James E. Cox, Kelsey H. Fisher-Wellman, Dipayan Chaudhuri, Zachary Gerhart-Hines, Katsuhiko Funai
Summary: Phosphatidylethanolamine (PE) modulates the proton conductance of UCP1, regulating thermogenesis in brown adipose tissue (BAT).
Article
Biology
Stuart R. Green, Kenneth B. Storey
Summary: During hibernation, the liver shows a significant reduction in PDC activity, while no changes are observed in skeletal muscle, which is associated with the phosphorylation of PDH. An increase in PDKs 1 and 2 and a decrease in PDK4 in skeletal muscle, with no alterations in liver, suggest alternative regulation of kinases in hibernation processes. This study highlights the tissue-specific differences in PDH regulatory responses and emphasizes the importance of inhibiting the complex in the liver during hibernation.
JOURNAL OF THERMAL BIOLOGY
(2021)
Review
Cell Biology
Asen Georgiev, Cesare Granata, Michael Roden
Summary: Common metabolic diseases such as obesity, type 2 diabetes mellitus, and nonalcoholic fatty liver disease are associated with insulin resistance and mitochondrial dysfunction. Changes in mitochondrial features may reflect adaptation to a certain metabolic condition rather than abnormalities. Lifestyle modifications and drug treatments can help improve these metabolic diseases.
AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PHYSIOLOGY-CELL PHYSIOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Clara Dreyling, Martin Hasselmann
Summary: This study provides the first large-scaled gene expression analysis of mitochondrial-linked genes in laying hens, showing that mitochondrial gene expression increases during the productive life span and reacts tissue and strain specific. These findings serve as a starting point for further analyses of non-model organisms, especially in laying hens.
Review
Clinical Neurology
Sudarshan Dayanidhi
Summary: Skeletal muscle contractile proteins rely on a constant supply of energy produced primarily by mitochondria. Mitochondria increase in size and activity during endurance exercise, but decrease in function and content with inactivity or aging. Children with cerebral palsy show reduced mitochondrial function in muscles, which can potentially be improved with consistent endurance exercise.
FRONTIERS IN NEUROLOGY
(2021)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Siyuan Zhang, Fan Xin, Xiaobo Zhang
Summary: Compounds packaged in virions of white spot syndrome virus can trigger the viral life cycle by enhancing host glycolysis, leading to virus infection. This process involves the binding of palmitic amide to triosephosphate isomerase and the upregulation of HIF-1, enhancing glycolysis and promoting virus infection.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Xianglai Ye, Yaojun Xie, Yu Shi, Bo Wang, Xinyu Han, Xiaoxuan Zhou, Kexin Pan, Maofeng Wang, Hezhi Fang
Summary: In this study, the organization and expression pattern of muscle-specific CIV isoforms in different mouse muscle tissues were profiled. The results showed the presence of extensive CIV-containing supramolecular organization in mature skeletal muscles, and a switch in expression from ubiquitous to muscle-specific isoforms of CIV was detected. Furthermore, the enzymatic activity of CIV containing the muscle-specific isoform COX6A2 was found to be higher than that with COX6A1, suggesting the indispensable role of switching the expression to muscle-specific CIV isoforms in optimized oxidative phosphorylation in mature skeletal muscles.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Simon-Pierre Gravel, Youcef Khalifa, Shawn McGuirk, Catherine St-Louis, Karl M. Laurin, Emilie Lavallee, Damien Benas, Stephanie Desbouis, Frederic Amaral, Damien D'Amours, Lionel Breton, Sibylle Jager, Julie St-Pierre
Summary: PGC-1s are important regulators of skin biology, controlling the expression of metabolic genes and terminal differentiation programs. Glutamine plays a key role in promoting mitochondrial respiration, keratinocyte proliferation, and the expression of PGC-1s and terminal differentiation programs. Gene silencing of PGC-1s reduces epidermal thickness, while exposure to a salicylic acid derivative increases their expression and mitochondrial respiration, suggesting a potential target for skin conditions and aging.
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Florian Kurt Paternoster, Wolfgang Seiberl
Summary: This study compared the agreement in estimated mVO(2) values among five commonly used approaches based on the same set of CW-NIRS data. Significant differences were found between the approaches, with only TSI vs. Hbmean and Hbdiff vs. HHb yielding comparable results. Therefore, the different approaches to estimate mVO(2) cannot be used interchangeably.
APPLIED SCIENCES-BASEL
(2022)
Article
Oncology
Arvinder Kapur, Pooja Mehta, Aaron D. Simmons, Spencer S. Ericksen, Geeta Mehta, Sean P. Palecek, Mildred Felder, Zach Stenerson, Amruta Nayak, Jose Maria Ayuso Dominguez, Manish Patankar, Lisa M. Barroilhet
Summary: The Warburg effect, characterized by high glucose uptake and lactate release, is a hallmark of most cancers. Atovaquone, a mitochondrial complex III inhibitor, has been found to slow ovarian cancer growth and inhibit the proliferation of cancer stem cells both in vitro and in vivo. The drug is able to inhibit oxygen consumption and ATP production, and it alters several metabolic pathways. These findings provide mechanistic insights and preclinical data to support further investigation of atovaquone as a potential therapy for gynecologic cancers.
Article
Medicine, Research & Experimental
Gourav Bhardwaj, Christie M. Penniman, Jayashree Jena, Pablo A. Suarez Beltran, Collin Foster, Kennedy Poro, Taylor L. Junck, Antentor O. Hinton, Rhonda Souvenir, Jordan D. Fuqua, Pablo E. Morales, Roberto Bravo-Sagua, William Sivitz, Vitor A. Lira, E. Dale Abel, Brian T. O'Neill
Summary: The study found that muscle-specific FoxO KO can reverse mitochondrial dysfunction in diabetic mice. Lack of insulin or IGF-1 action in skeletal muscle impairs mitochondrial function, affecting energy production.
JOURNAL OF CLINICAL INVESTIGATION
(2021)
Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Tomaz Mars, Katarina Mis, Marija Meznaric, Sonja Prpar Mihevc, Vid Jan, Fred Haugen, Boris Rogelj, Arild C. Rustan, G. Hege Thoresen, Sergej Pirkmajer, Natasa Nikolic
Summary: Both innervation and EPS promote differentiation into different fiber types in human myotubes, leading to a more oxidative phenotype in terms of metabolism.
APPLIED PHYSIOLOGY NUTRITION AND METABOLISM
(2021)
Review
Neurosciences
Brian Glancy, Daniel A. Kane, Andreas N. Kavazis, Matthew L. Goodwin, Wayne T. Willis, L. Bruce Gladden
Summary: Mitochondria play a crucial role in cellular energy production through oxidative phosphorylation. Research has shown that lactate is important in energy metabolism but is not directly oxidized within the mitochondria. Proper oxygen levels are essential for cellular function.
JOURNAL OF PHYSIOLOGY-LONDON
(2021)
Review
Physiology
Brian Glancy, Robert S. Balaban
Summary: Through studying the insulin resistance in diabetes patients and the glucose metabolism abnormalities in polycystic ovary syndrome patients, it is found that the imbalance of glucose metabolism can lead to elevated blood sugar levels, thereby affecting normal metabolic activities.
PHYSIOLOGICAL REVIEWS
(2021)
Article
Biochemical Research Methods
Rozhin Penjweini, Branden Roarke, Greg Alspaugh, Katie A. Link, Alessio Andreoni, Mateus P. Mori, Paul M. Hwang, Dan L. Sackett, Jay R. Knutson
Summary: This article discusses the importance of NO and ROS in signaling, metabolic regulation, and disease treatment, and proposes a new imaging tool for studying cellular [O-2] and production of reactive species. By adding the fluorescent protein EYFP to the myoglobin sensor, a novel probe that senses met formation and [O-2] was created.
JOURNAL OF BIOPHOTONICS
(2022)
Article
Cell Biology
Edgar Garza-Lopez, Zer Vue, Prasanna Katti, Kit Neikirk, Michelle Biete, Jacob Lam, Heather K. Beasley, Andrea G. Marshall, Taylor A. Rodman, Trace A. Christensen, Jeffrey L. Salisbury, Larry Vang, Margaret Mungai, Salma AshShareef, Sandra A. Murray, Jianqiang Shao, Jennifer Streeter, Brian Glancy, Renata O. Pereira, E. Dale Abel, Antentor Hinton
Summary: High-resolution 3D images of organelles are important in cellular biology. Recent technological advances enable the creation of 3D images for the ultrastructural analysis of organelles. This article describes a standardized protocol using Amira software for quantifying organelle morphologies in 3D and demonstrates its applications in quantifying mitochondria and endoplasmic reticulum structures.
Meeting Abstract
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Yuho Kim, Christopher K. Bleck, Brian Glancy
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Peter T. Ajayi, Prasanna Katti, Yingfan Zhang, T. Bradley Willingham, Ye Sun, Christopher K. E. Bleck, Brian Glancy
Summary: This study reveals three mechanisms that regulate muscle cell connectivity. The authors identified the presence of a myofibrillar matrix in fruit fly muscles and found that the loss of the transcription factor H15 increases sarcomere branching frequency. They also demonstrated that misexpression of neurochondrin leads to myofibrillar connectivity in flight muscles.
NATURE COMMUNICATIONS
(2022)
Article
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Sarah Kuzmiak-Glancy, Brian Glancy, Matthew W. Kay
Summary: Myocardial ischemia has long-lasting negative impacts on cardiomyocyte mitochondrial ATP production. The location of damage and specific factors controlling mitochondrial function alteration following ischemia remain unclear. In this study, it was found that ischemia lowered maximal mitochondrial respiration rates, diminished the responsiveness of respiration to driving forces, and decreased the activities of every component of the oxidative phosphorylation pathway. Ischemia also led to higher ROS production. These findings highlight the importance of targeting the entire mitochondrial energy conversion cascade to improve mitochondrial function following ischemia.
AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PHYSIOLOGY-HEART AND CIRCULATORY PHYSIOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Prasanna Katti, Alexander S. Hall, Hailey A. Parry, Peter T. Ajayi, Yuho Kim, T. Bradley Willingham, Christopher K. E. Bleck, Han Wen, Brian Glancy
Summary: This study uses advanced imaging and analysis techniques to show how mitochondria are accommodated within tightly packed sarcomere networks, revealing the influence of mitochondrial location and orientation on sarcomere structure and myofilament interactions.
NATURE COMMUNICATIONS
(2022)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Prasanna Katti, Peter T. Ajayi, Angel Aponte, Christopher K. E. Bleck, Brian Glancy
Summary: This study discovered that contractile and mitochondrial network types in Drosophila muscles are regulated differently, and identified transcription factors H15 and cut as potential regulators of mitochondrial network organization. Further experiments showed that H15 regulates both contractile and mitochondrial network types in flight muscles, while only regulating mitochondrial network configuration in jump and leg muscles. Additionally, cut was found to regulate salm expression in flight muscles and mitochondrial network configuration in leg muscles.
NATURE COMMUNICATIONS
(2022)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Mateus Prates Mori, Rozhin Penjweini, Jin Ma, Greg Alspaugh, Alessio Andreoni, Young-Chae Kim, Ping-yuan Wang, Jay R. Knutson, Paul M. Hwang
Summary: The endosymbiotic theory suggests that ancient eukaryotic cells absorbed O2-consuming prokaryotes, which protected them from O2 toxicity. It has been found that cells lacking cytochrome c oxidase (COX) experience increased DNA damage and reduced proliferation, which can be improved by reducing O2 exposure. This study utilized fluorescence lifetime microscopy-based probes to measure localized O2 levels and found that the perinuclear distribution of mitochondria in cells creates a barrier for O2 to access the nuclear core, which affects cellular physiology and maintains genomic integrity. The regulation of nuclear O2 levels by mitochondrial respiratory activity could have implications for oxidative stress, neurodegeneration, and aging.
JOURNAL OF BIOLOGICAL CHEMISTRY
(2023)
Article
Materials Science, Biomaterials
Kit Neikirk, Zer Vue, Prasanna Katti, Ben I. I. Rodriguez, Salem Omer, Jianqiang Shao, Trace Christensen, Edgar Garza Lopez, Andrea Marshall, Caroline B. B. Palavicino-Maggio, Jessica Ponce, Ahmad F. F. Alghanem, Larry Vang, Taylor Barongan, Heather K. K. Beasley, Taylor Rodman, Dominique Stephens, Margaret Mungai, Marcelo Correia, Vernat Exil, Steven Damo, Sandra A. A. Murray, Amber Crabtree, Brian Glancy, Renata O. O. Pereira, E. Dale Abel, Antentor O. O. Hinton
Summary: This paper describes an approach to reproducibly identify and distinguish subcellular structures involved in macroautophagy. Methods are provided to avoid common pitfalls and how to distinguish between various subcellular structures is discussed. Different imaging techniques, such as TEM, immunofluorescence, and immunogold labeling are explored, and the results show the accurate quantification of cellular degradation machinery under various conditions.
Editorial Material
Biochemical Research Methods
Alessio Andreoni, Lin Tian
Meeting Abstract
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Alessio Andreoni, Nikki Tjahjono, Ruqiang Liang, Lin Tian
JOURNAL OF NEUROCHEMISTRY
(2022)
Article
Physiology
Hailey A. Parry, Brian Glancy
Summary: Mitochondria and lipid droplets in the insulin resistant skeletal muscle of type 2 diabetic individuals show fragmented networks and larger droplets compared to healthy individuals. Decreased contacts between mitochondrial and droplet membranes are observed in diabetic muscle, raising questions about the alteration in energy transfer at the remaining contact sites. The review emphasizes the need for further investigation into the functional nature of mitochondria-lipid droplet interactions in type 2 diabetes.
CURRENT OPINION IN PHYSIOLOGY
(2021)
Meeting Abstract
Sport Sciences
Brad Willingham, Brian Glancy
MEDICINE AND SCIENCE IN SPORTS AND EXERCISE
(2021)