Review
Psychiatry
Ashley L. Dunne
Summary: The inclusion of the psychopathic specifier within the AMPD trait conceptualization of ASPD is a significant development, but has limitations. ASPD impairment ratings and traits show some utility in measuring psychopathy, but improvements are needed. The relationship between ASPD and the psychopathic specifier is complex and requires further research for better understanding.
CURRENT OPINION IN PSYCHIATRY
(2021)
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Daryl J. Higgins, Ben Mathews, Rosana Pacella, James G. Scott, David Finkelhor, Franziska Meinck, Holly E. Erskine, Hannah J. Thomas, David M. Lawrence, Divna M. Haslam, Eva Malacova, Michael P. Dunne
Summary: This study investigates the prevalence of multi-type child maltreatment in Australia and finds that 62.2% of participants experienced one or more types of child maltreatment. It is also found that 39.4% of participants reported multi-type maltreatment. Multi-type maltreatment is more common in women and gender diverse individuals.
MEDICAL JOURNAL OF AUSTRALIA
(2023)
Article
Psychology, Clinical
Maria Louison Vang, Ask Elklit, Sebastian Simonsen, Stephen Fitzgerald Austin, Stine Bjerrum Moller
Summary: This study examines the impact of psychologically threatening events on posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD). The results show that psychologically threatening events are independently associated with the risk and severity of probable PTSD. Although psychologically threatening events do not significantly increase the rates of probable PTSD, the rates of probable DSM-5 PTSD are higher in the Danish adult population compared to official estimates.
PSYCHOLOGICAL TRAUMA-THEORY RESEARCH PRACTICE AND POLICY
(2023)
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Cynthia A. LeardMann, Hope Seib McMaster, Steven Warner, Alejandro P. Esquivel, Ben Porter, Teresa M. Powell, Xin M. Tu, William W. Lee, Rudolph P. Rull, Charles W. Hoge
Summary: The study evaluated the ability to compare and assess PTSD based on DSM-IV and DSM-5 criteria using PTSD Checklists (PCLs), with findings suggesting successful assessment and comparison of PTSD over time with either PCL instrument in veteran and military populations.
Article
Psychiatry
Paul Moran, Margarita Moreno-Betancur, Carolyn Coffey, Elizabeth A. Spry, George C. Patton
Summary: This prospective cohort study examined the course of common mental disorders (CMD) in an Australian population from adolescence to adulthood. The study found that a large proportion of CMD resolved by adulthood, and the majority of CMD cases emerged among individuals without prior CMD. Preventing adolescent CMD reduced the prevalence of CMD at age 35, but interventions in young adulthood had only a modest effect on reducing the prevalence.
BRITISH JOURNAL OF PSYCHIATRY
(2022)
Review
Psychiatry
Arindam Chakrabarty, Archana Javadekar, Ashima Datey Chakrabarty
Summary: The DSM-5-TR is an update to the DSM-5, aiming to increase the accuracy and consistency of psychiatric diagnosis based on the current scientific literature.
ANNALS OF INDIAN PSYCHIATRY
(2023)
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Qingqing Wang, Juhua Zhang, Huiqing Yao, Pengfei Jin, Fei Zhao, Peng Zhang
Summary: This study investigated the prevalence and associated factors of anxiety disorder in an urban area of China. The findings showed a high prevalence of anxiety, with sleep time less than 6 hours and waking up suffocating being significantly associated with anxiety. These results emphasize the importance of addressing sleep quality in anxiety prevention interventions in urban areas.
Article
Psychology, Developmental
Mark Olfson, Melanie M. Wall, Shuai Wang, Carlos Blanco
Summary: The objective of this study was to estimate the prevalence of current DSM-5 disorders in children aged 9 to 10 and their associations with sociodemographic and physical characteristics. The study found that the prevalence of any current mental disorder was 10.11%, with higher rates among boys and children from low-income families. Boys, children from families with incomes below $25,000 and $25,000 to $49,000, and obese children were at increased risk for any current child mental disorder. Children from low-income families were particularly at risk for attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder and disruptive behavior disorders.
JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN ACADEMY OF CHILD AND ADOLESCENT PSYCHIATRY
(2023)
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Divna M. Haslam, David M. Lawrence, Ben Mathews, Daryl J. Higgins, Anna Hunt, James G. Scott, Michael P. Dunne, Holly E. Erskine, Hannah J. Thomas, David Finkelhor, Rosana Pacella, Franziska Meinck, Eva Malacova
Summary: The Australian Child Maltreatment Study (ACMS) aims to describe the objectives, design, methodology, and representativeness of the respondent sample. The study is a cross-sectional, retrospective survey conducted using computer-assisted mobile telephone interviewing. The primary outcomes assessed include emotional abuse, neglect, physical abuse, sexual abuse, and exposure to domestic violence during childhood.
MEDICAL JOURNAL OF AUSTRALIA
(2023)
Article
Psychiatry
Gargie Ahmad, Sally McManus, Claudia Cooper, Stephani L. Hatch, Jayati Das-Munshi
Summary: The study found that all ethnic minority groups in England had lower treatment receipt for mental health problems compared to the White British group, with inequalities appearing to be widening over time for the Black group in particular. Addressing socioeconomic inequality could potentially reduce these ethnic inequalities, but it does not fully explain the pronounced treatment disparities.
BRITISH JOURNAL OF PSYCHIATRY
(2022)
Article
Gerontology
Audrey L. Jones, Jane Rafferty, Susan D. Cochran, Jamie Abelson, Vickie M. Mays
Summary: The study found that anxiety disorders in aging Black adults have a low prevalence, but those affected experience significant mental health burden, including severe functional impairment and underutilization of mental health services.
JOURNAL OF AGING AND HEALTH
(2022)
Article
Psychology, Clinical
Vivian Boschesi Barros, Fernanda Fortti Vianna Schmidt, Alexandre Dias Porto Chiavegatto Filho
Summary: Using data from the UK Biobank, the study examined the association between mental disorders and mortality, survival, and causes of death. The findings revealed a higher mortality risk associated with most mental disorders, with the majority of deaths related to mental disorders being natural.
PSYCHOLOGICAL MEDICINE
(2023)
Article
Psychiatry
Li-Juan Xiong, Bao-Liang Zhong, Xiong-Jing Cao, Huang-Guo Xiong, Ming Huang, Jing Ding, Wen-Tian Li, Jun Tong, He-Yong Shen, Jia-Hong Xia, Yu Hu
Summary: This study examined the possible PTSD among surviving frontline healthcare workers who experienced COVID-19, with 19.9% of survivors showing signs of PTSD. Factors such as ICU admission, multiple respiratory symptoms, life-threatening situations, exposure to other traumatic events were associated with higher risk of PTSD in survivors.
TRANSLATIONAL PSYCHIATRY
(2021)
Article
Psychiatry
Roger T. Mulder, Anthony F. Jorm
Summary: This study found that increased spending on depression treatment is not associated with a decrease in the prevalence of sadness, worry, or unhappiness, but income, education, and life expectancy are associated with a lower prevalence of these symptoms.
Review
Medicine, General & Internal
Emma C. West, Lana J. Williams, Kayla B. Corney, Julie A. Pasco
Summary: This study aims to systematically review the literature on the association between sarcopenia and anxiety symptomatology and/or disorders in adults, in order to explore the relationship between the two.
Article
Psychiatry
David Lawrence, Sarah E. Johnson, Francis Mitrou, Sharon Lawn, Michael Sawyer
Summary: The study revealed higher smoking rates among Australian adolescents with mental disorders, particularly those with conduct disorders, major depressive disorder, and anxiety disorders. Females with mental disorders or reporting self-harm or suicidal ideation had higher rates of current smoking.
AUSTRALIAN AND NEW ZEALAND JOURNAL OF PSYCHIATRY
(2022)
Article
Family Studies
David Lawrence, Simon C. Hunter, Rebecca Cunneen, Stephen J. Houghton, Corinne Zadow, Michael Rosenberg, Lisa Wood, Trevor Shilton
Summary: The study found significant reciprocal associations between screen use and loneliness among adolescents, with the strongest links observed between social networking and electronic gaming with quality of friendships. Therefore, any significant increase in screen use by adolescents may serve as a potential indicator of changes in feelings of isolation or friendship quality.
JOURNAL OF CHILD AND FAMILY STUDIES
(2022)
Article
Psychology, Developmental
Michael J. Kyron, Stephen Houghton, David Lawrence, Andrew C. Page, Simon C. Hunter, Sashya Gunasekera
Summary: The purpose of this study was to create a shorter measure of loneliness and examine its ability to predict depressive symptoms compared to a more comprehensive measure. The study found that the reduced six-item scale (PALs-6) showed strong prediction of very elevated depressive symptoms, but was less effective in predicting future symptoms.
CHILD PSYCHIATRY & HUMAN DEVELOPMENT
(2023)
Article
Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
Joyce Cleary, Catherine Nolan, Martin Guhn, Kimberly C. Thomson, Sophie Barker, Camille Deane, Christopher J. Greenwood, Julia Tulloh Harper, Matthew Fuller-Tyszkiewicz, Primrose Letcher, Jacqui A. Macdonald, Delyse Hutchinson, Elizabeth A. Spry, Meredith O'Connor, Vaughan Carr, Melissa Green, Tom Peachey, John W. Toumbourou, Jane Hosking, Jerri Nelson, Joanne Williams, Stephen R. Zubrick, Ann Sanson, Kate Lycett, Craig A. Olsson
Summary: Longitudinal research findings globally emphasize the importance of early life course approach to mental health promotion. Existing population monitoring systems for this period are designed for specific stages. This study presents a new system that measures social and emotional development across eight census surveys with a three-year interval. The data collection is community-led and integrated into existing government-funded universal services. The aim is to guide community-led investments in mental health promotion from early childhood to young adulthood.
LONGITUDINAL AND LIFE COURSE STUDIES
(2023)
Article
Social Work
Shannon K. Bennetts, Amanda R. Cooklin, Jan M. Nicholson, Naomi J. Hackworth, Julie Green, Stephen R. Zubrick, Sharinne B. Crawford
Summary: This study investigated media reports on children's independent mobility and found that the reports were predominantly negative. However, there was no direct association between the media reports and parental attitudes, suggesting that parental attitudes are influenced by multiple factors.
CHILDREN & SOCIETY
(2023)
Article
Engineering, Industrial
Rebecca Hood, Juliana Zabatiero, Desiree Silva, Stephen R. Zubrick, Leon Straker
Summary: As families increasingly use mobile touch screen devices, it has the potential to impact parent-child interactions and future child development. This study found that device use can both enhance and disrupt parent-infant attachment.
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Ben Mathews, Rosana Pacella, James G. Scott, David Finkelhor, Franziska Meinck, Daryl J. Higgins, Holly E. Erskine, Hannah J. Thomas, David M. Lawrence, Divna M. Haslam, Eva Malacova, Michael P. Dunne
Summary: A national survey in Australia found that child maltreatment is common in the country, with larger proportions of women than men reporting having experienced sexual abuse, emotional abuse, and neglect. The reported prevalence of physical abuse and sexual abuse is lower among the 16-24 age group compared to the 25-34 and 35-44 age groups, suggesting recent declines in these types of maltreatment.
MEDICAL JOURNAL OF AUSTRALIA
(2023)
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Daryl J. Higgins, Ben Mathews, Rosana Pacella, James G. Scott, David Finkelhor, Franziska Meinck, Holly E. Erskine, Hannah J. Thomas, David M. Lawrence, Divna M. Haslam, Eva Malacova, Michael P. Dunne
Summary: This study investigates the prevalence of multi-type child maltreatment in Australia and finds that 62.2% of participants experienced one or more types of child maltreatment. It is also found that 39.4% of participants reported multi-type maltreatment. Multi-type maltreatment is more common in women and gender diverse individuals.
MEDICAL JOURNAL OF AUSTRALIA
(2023)
Editorial Material
Medicine, General & Internal
David M. Lawrence, Barbara Sheil
MEDICAL JOURNAL OF AUSTRALIA
(2023)
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Divna M. Haslam, David M. Lawrence, Ben Mathews, Daryl J. Higgins, Anna Hunt, James G. Scott, Michael P. Dunne, Holly E. Erskine, Hannah J. Thomas, David Finkelhor, Rosana Pacella, Franziska Meinck, Eva Malacova
Summary: The Australian Child Maltreatment Study (ACMS) aims to describe the objectives, design, methodology, and representativeness of the respondent sample. The study is a cross-sectional, retrospective survey conducted using computer-assisted mobile telephone interviewing. The primary outcomes assessed include emotional abuse, neglect, physical abuse, sexual abuse, and exposure to domestic violence during childhood.
MEDICAL JOURNAL OF AUSTRALIA
(2023)
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
David M. Lawrence, Anna Hunt, Ben Mathews, Divna M. Haslam, Eva Malacova, Michael P. Dunne, Holly E. Erskine, Daryl J. Higgins, David Finkelhor, Rosana Pacella, Franziska Meinck, Hannah J. Thomas, James G. Scott
Summary: A nationally representative survey in Australia found that all five types of child maltreatment (emotional abuse, neglect, physical abuse, sexual abuse, and exposure to domestic violence) were associated with increased rates of health risk behaviours and conditions. The strongest associations were observed in the youngest age group (16-24 years old), with sexual abuse and emotional abuse having the highest odds of health risk behaviours and conditions.
MEDICAL JOURNAL OF AUSTRALIA
(2023)
Article
Psychology, Developmental
Stefania Pagani, Simon C. C. Hunter, David Lawrence, Mark A. A. Elliott
Summary: There is a need to increase understanding of the effectiveness of bystander programmes targeting gender-based violence in the UK. This study examined the "Mentors in Violence Prevention" program and found that it did not change outcomes related to bystanders' attitudes, beliefs, motivations towards intervening, or intervention behavior in gender-based violence. Discrepancies between this study and others could be due to differences in the number of schools included in the evaluations.
JOURNAL OF YOUTH AND ADOLESCENCE
(2023)
Article
Education & Educational Research
Tomasz Zajac, Francisco Perales, Wojtek Tomaszewski, Ning Xiang, Stephen R. Zubrick
Summary: Understanding the factors contributing to student dropout in higher education has been a policy concern for decades, but the role of student mental health in this remains poorly understood. Previous studies on this topic have limitations in methodology and scope, often relying on small or non-representative samples and subjective measures, and focusing mainly on main effects. This paper overcomes these limitations by using comprehensive administrative data on the full population of Australian undergraduate students from 2012 to 2015 (n = 652,139). The findings show that around 15% of students drop out within their first year, and students receiving treatment for mental health problems are significantly more likely to drop out, even after considering other factors.
Article
Environmental Sciences
Ha Trong Nguyen, Hayley Christian, Huong Thu Le, Luke Connelly, Stephen R. Zubrick, Francis Mitrou
Summary: This study aimed to investigate the differential impact of weather conditions on physical activity and sleep time allocation in children and adults. The findings showed that unfavourable weather conditions, such as cold, hot, or rainy weather, led to a reduction in moderate- and vigorous-intensity physical activity time and an increase in sedentary time for children. However, these weather conditions had little impact on children's sleep time or the time allocation of their parents.
SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT
(2023)
Article
Economics
Francis Mitrou, Ha Trong Nguyen, Huong Thu Le, Stephen R. Zubrick
Summary: This paper uses a fixed effects instrumental variables model and a nationally representative panel dataset from Australia to provide robust evidence on the causal impact of mental distress on cigarette smoking and alcohol drinking behaviors. The study finds that mental distress significantly increases the prevalence and intensity of both cigarette and alcohol consumption, and also significantly increases household monetary expenditures on tobacco and alcohol. These impacts are more pronounced among lower educated individuals or children of smokers, and slightly higher among males. The findings highlight the importance of mental health screening and treatment programs, especially among lower educated individuals or children of smokers, to prevent addictive behaviors.
EMPIRICAL ECONOMICS
(2023)