Dual-Action Pesticide Carrier That Continuously Induces Plant Resistance, Enhances Plant Anti-Tobacco Mosaic Virus Activity, and Promotes Plant Growth

Improving plant resistance against systemic diseases remains a challenging research topic. In this study, we developed a dual-action pesticide-loaded hydrogel with the capacity to significantly induce plant resistance against tobacco mosaic virus (TMV) infection and promote plant growth. We produced an alginate-lentinan-amino-oligosaccharide hydrogel (ALA-hydrogel) by coating the surface of an alginate-lentinan drug-loaded hydrogel (AL-hydrogel) with amino-oligosaccharide using electrostatic action. We determined the formation of the amino-oligosaccharide film using various approaches, including Fourier transform infrared spectrometry, the zeta potential test, scanning electron microscopy, and elemental analysis. It was found that the ALA-hydrogel exhibited stable sustained-release activity, and the release time was significantly longer than that of the AL-hydrogel. In addition, we demonstrated that the ALA-hydrogel was able to continuously and strongly induce plant resistance against TMV and increase the release of calcium ions to promote Nicotiana benthamiana growth. Meanwhile, the ALA-hydrogel maintained an extremely high safety to organisms. Our findings provide an alternative to the traditional approach of applying pesticide for controlling plant viral diseases. In the future, this hydrogel with the simple synthesis method, green synthetic materials, and its efficiency in the induction of plant resistance will attract increasing attention and have good potential to be employed in plant protection and agricultural production.