Article
Materials Science, Ceramics
Xing-Yuan Miao, Steven Pirou, Henrik Lund Frandsen
Summary: Improving the power density of solid oxide fuel cell stacks by downsizing the stack dimension using a monolithic structure is a promising but challenging design. In this study, a multiscale, multiphysics modelling approach is proposed to understand and resolve the issues in the debinding process occurring in a monolithic stack. Simulation results show that changing the composition of organic additives and modifying the debinding temperature profile can help reduce the high pressures and avoid distortion or fracturing of the stack. The findings provide insights for optimizing the manufacturing process of solid oxide fuel cell stacks.
JOURNAL OF THE EUROPEAN CERAMIC SOCIETY
(2023)
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Omid Babaie Rizvandi, Xing-Yuan Miao, Henrik Lund Frandsen
Summary: The study presents a multiscale three-dimensional model for simulating the degradation of solid oxide fuel cell stacks, integrating various degradation phenomena to explore optimal operating conditions, validating with experimental data, and investigating the effects of operation modes, conditions, and configurations on the long-term performance of the stack. Results demonstrate that certain factors such as potentiostatic operation mode and flow configuration can improve the long-term performance of the stack.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF HYDROGEN ENERGY
(2021)
Article
Energy & Fuels
Meiting Guo, Xiao Ru, Lin Yang, Meng Ni, Zijing Lin
Summary: This study developed a 3D thermo-mechanical model to evaluate the mechanical performance of SOFC running on methane fuel. The results showed that the reliability of the whole SOFC stack is favorable when the methane steam pre-reforming ratio (R) is within the range of 0.4-0.7.
Article
Mechanics
Rong Chiu, Wenbin Yu
Summary: Heterogeneous Solid Element (HSE) models a heterogeneous body as an equivalent solid element based on Mechanics of Structure Genome (MSG), providing higher accuracy compared to traditional multiscale modeling techniques for composite materials. HSE homogenizes heterogeneous microstructures into equivalent solid elements, introducing a novel concept for multiscale modeling.
COMPOSITE STRUCTURES
(2022)
Article
Engineering, Multidisciplinary
Jie Zhi, Karh Heng Leong, Kirk Ming Yeoh, Tong -Earn Tay, Vincent Beng Chye Tan
Summary: A multiscale method is proposed in this study to model thin-walled fiber reinforced composite laminates using Mindlin-Reissner shell theory and Direct FE2. The method employs a first-order homogenization framework to handle the scale transitions and considers in-plane and through-thickness periodicity. It avoids the upscaling of macroscopic stresses and tangents in the conventional nested FE2 scheme, making it useful for modeling damage propagation in composite structures.
COMPUTER METHODS IN APPLIED MECHANICS AND ENGINEERING
(2023)
Article
Thermodynamics
Mungmuang Promsen, Kalimuthu Selvam, Yosuke Komatsu, Anna Sciazko, Shozo Kaneko, Naoki Shikazono
Summary: A novel concept of integrating metallic phase-change materials (mPCMs) into solid oxide fuel cell (SOFC) stack is proposed to improve thermal conditions and enhance the flexibility of SOFC operation.
ENERGY CONVERSION AND MANAGEMENT
(2022)
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Yingtian Chi, Qiang Hu, Jin Lin, Yiwei Qiu, Shujun Mu, Wenying Li, Yonghua Song
Summary: This study proposes a simplification method for accelerating the simulation of a novel SOC stack. By using data-driven surrogate models, part of the governing equations are replaced, resulting in accurate predictions of temperatures and voltages with reduced computation time and memory.
JOURNAL OF POWER SOURCES
(2023)
Article
Engineering, Multidisciplinary
Kai Liu, Lu Meng, Ang Zhao, Zhonggang Wang, Leilei Chen, Pei Li
Summary: A hybrid Direct FE2 method is proposed to deal with strain localization, which models the low deformation gradient region using the D-FE2 method and the high deformation gradient region using the traditional FE method. Node displacement constraints are imposed at the interface between the two models to enforce energy equilibrium and deformation continuity. The method successfully predicts the strain localization behavior of multiscale materials or structures and demonstrates accuracy, efficiency, and ease of implementation.
COMPUTER METHODS IN APPLIED MECHANICS AND ENGINEERING
(2023)
Article
Energy & Fuels
Daifen Chen, Yanlong Zhu, Shuo Han, Lysyakov Anatoly, Makeey Andrey, Liu Lu
Summary: In this paper, 3D electrochemical-multiphysics coupling models for the one-cell solid oxide fuel cell (SOFC) stacks with different flow fields were developed and verified. The analysis showed that the SOFC stack with the parallel-cylindrical flow field had improved performance compared to the traditional parallel flow field.
JOURNAL OF ENERGY STORAGE
(2023)
Article
Engineering, Biomedical
Haoyu Chen, Ciara Felix, Davide Folloni, Lennart Verhagen, Jerome Sallet, Antoine Jerusalem
Summary: Low-intensity transcranial ultrasound (TUS) has been demonstrated to have the potential for non-invasive neuromodulation, but its underlying mechanisms and optimal sonication parameters are still unclear. This study proposes a multiscale modeling framework to examine the energy states of neuromodulation under TUS, and demonstrates the potential of this framework in identifying optimized acoustic parameters for TUS neuromodulation.
ACTA BIOMATERIALIA
(2022)
Article
Materials Science, Composites
Leilei Xia, Zhijian Hu, Lizhi Sun
Summary: The mechanical properties of magnetorheological elastomers (MREs) play a crucial role in their engineering applications. This study proposes a computational micromechanics-based multiphysics coupling model to reveal the overall magneto-hyperelastic properties of MREs. The effects of demagnetizing field and microstructures on the overall magnetic stresses are emphasized.
COMPOSITES SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Energy & Fuels
Karol K. Sreniawski, Marcin Mozdzierz, Grzegorz Brus, Janusz S. Szmyd
Summary: This study presents a computational fluid dynamic simulation of a solid oxide fuel cell stack for enhancing its geometrical design. A mathematical model including momentum, heat, mass, and charge transport phenomena was developed and validated against experimental study. The proposed design modifications led to an increase in the volumetric power density of the stack compared to the existing prototype design, and the proposed models were shown to be useful for testing further design modifications and performance analysis.
Article
Engineering, Multidisciplinary
Saeed Saeedmonir, Amir R. Khoei
Summary: This paper presents a numerical multiscale formulation for analyzing transient heat and fluid flow in deformable heterogeneous porous media. The proposed method uses first-order computational homogenization to simulate THM problems at two scales, providing an efficient computational procedure. Proper virtual power relations bridge the scales, and microscopic boundary conditions are enhanced to consider transient effects. Macroscopic properties are determined from the microscopic solution using appropriate mathematical procedures. An upwind finite element squared method is employed for accurate spatial results in highly advective heat transfer.
COMPUTER METHODS IN APPLIED MECHANICS AND ENGINEERING
(2022)
Article
Engineering, Multidisciplinary
Marcelo Raschi, Oriol Lloberas-Valls, Alfredo Huespe, Javier Oliver
Summary: The authors have developed a reliable and cost-effective multiscale method by using standard POD techniques to obtain microstrain modes and reducing the number of integration points through exact integration. This approach allows for evaluating the constitutive behavior of microstructural phases efficiently.
COMPUTER METHODS IN APPLIED MECHANICS AND ENGINEERING
(2021)
Article
Energy & Fuels
Kewei Hu, Jiakun Fang, Xiaomeng Ai, Danji Huang, Zhiyao Zhong, Xiaobo Yang, Lei Wang
Summary: This paper provides a comparative study of alkaline water electrolysis, proton exchange membrane water electrolysis and solid oxide electrolysis cells through multiphysics modeling. It analyzes their differences in various aspects and explains the reasons behind these differences.
Article
Engineering, Geological
Tianyuan Zheng, Xing-Yuan Miao, Dmitri Naumov, Haibing Shao, Olaf Kolditz, Thomas Nagel
Summary: In this paper, a coupled thermo-hydro-mechanical freezing (THM-F) model is established to analyze the freezing process of soil and study the heat and mass transfer, thermodynamic relations, and the formation of frost heave.
ENVIRONMENTAL GEOTECHNICS
(2022)
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Henrik Lund Frandsen, Christodoulos Chatzichristodoulou, Benoit Charlas, Ragnar Kiebach, Kawai Kwok, Poul Norby, Peter Vang Hendriksen
Summary: Experimental results demonstrate that residual stresses in solid oxide cell are relaxed and approach zero during the chemical reduction of the fuel electrode, which is crucial for understanding and modeling stress variation during SOC stack assembly. The in-plane macro-strain and stresses in each layer are determined by in-situ X-ray diffraction, and the relaxation of stresses is attributed to accelerated creep in the nickel phase of the fuel electrode.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF HYDROGEN ENERGY
(2021)
Article
Materials Science, Ceramics
I Ritucci, B. Talic, R. Kiebach, H. L. Frandsen
Summary: A new type of contact layer has been proposed for solid oxide cell (SOC) technologies, providing five times higher toughness compared to conventional contact layers through reactive oxidative bonding at moderate temperatures. This contact layer can be applied between the oxygen electrode and the interconnect, offering improved performance with low area specific resistance.
JOURNAL OF THE EUROPEAN CERAMIC SOCIETY
(2021)
Article
Engineering, Multidisciplinary
Omid Babaie Rizvandi, Xing-Yuan Miao, Henrik Lund Frandsen
Summary: The use of Darcy's Law (DL) to approximate flows in channels with circular and arbitrary cross-sections significantly reduces computational resources and improves model stability and convergence. The DL approximations reduce runtime by approximately 40 times compared to RANS, while accurately predicting velocity and pressure distributions in laminar and turbulent flows.
ALEXANDRIA ENGINEERING JOURNAL
(2021)
Article
Energy & Fuels
Xing-Yuan Miao, Omid Babaie Rizvandi, Maria Navasa, Henrik Lund Frandsen
Summary: The study extends the homogenization modelling framework for solid oxide cell stacks to identify local mechanical failures. Using a localization approach, fracturing within a local failing point is examined, linking stresses in the stack model to the local stresses and energy release rate at the crack tip of the relevant interface.
Article
Mechanics
Xiao Chen, Wilfried Njomo-Wandji, Xing-Yuan Miao
Summary: This study presents a robust method for automated geometric reconstruction and finite element meshing of entire thick laminates with multiple, asymmetric out-of-plane ply wrinkles. By extracting coordinate information and fitting complex wrinkle geometry with multiple Gaussian functions, the entire laminate can be reconstructed efficiently and accurately.
COMPOSITE STRUCTURES
(2022)
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Theis Loye Skafte, Omid Babaie Rizvandi, Anne Lyck Smitshuysen, Henrik Lund Frandsen, Jens Valdemar Thorvald Hogh, Anne Hauch, Soren Knudsen Kaer, Samuel Simon Araya, Christopher Graves, Mogens Bjerg Mogensen, Soren Hojgaard Jensen
Summary: A novel operation method is proposed to alleviate temperature variations and minimize degradation caused by impurities and nickel migration in SOEC technology. By rapidly switching between electrolysis mode and fuel cell mode, a flat thermal profile is obtained, enabling increased SOEC stack and module size and extended lifetime.
JOURNAL OF POWER SOURCES
(2022)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Steven Pirou, Belma Talic, Karen Brodersen, Anne Hauch, Henrik Lund Frandsen, Theis Loye Skafte, Asa H. Persson, Jens V. T. Hogh, Henrik Henriksen, Maria Navasa, Xing-Yuan Miao, Xanthi Georgolamprou, Soren P. Foghmoes, Peter Vang Hendriksen, Eva Ravn Nielsen, Jimmi Nielsen, Anders C. Wulff, Soren H. Jensen, Philipp Zielke, Anke Hagen
Summary: The authors present a metal-based monolithic solid oxide fuel cell with a power density of 5.6 kW/L, suitable for transport applications. The design overcomes the limitations of traditional SOFC technology through cost-effective manufacturing processes, optimization, and corrosion-mitigating treatments.
NATURE COMMUNICATIONS
(2022)
Article
Engineering, Multidisciplinary
Xing-Yuan Miao, Xiao Chen, Renchao Lu, Martin A. Eder
Summary: Understanding the fracture mechanisms of thick bondline composite adhesive joints is crucial for designing reliable large utility composite structures. This study investigates the crack initiation behavior of these joints using experiments and simulations, and suggests that the crack initiation location and adhesive mode significantly affect the fracture mode of the joint. The study also proposes a method to enhance the strength of composite adhesive joints through slight modifications in the composite layup.
COMPOSITES PART B-ENGINEERING
(2022)
Article
Engineering, Chemical
Qingjie Wang, Ting Luo, Yongcheng Tong, Mingxuan Dai, Xing-Yuan Miao, Sandrine Ricote, Zhongliang Zhan, Ming Chen
Summary: Large-area symmetrical protonic ceramic cells (PCCs) were fabricated and tested for electrochemical hydrogen pumping (EHP) applications. The results showed that the PCCs exhibited good electrochemical performance and durability at different temperatures. This study is of great significance for the application of protonic ceramic cells in the field of hydrogen energy.
SEPARATION AND PURIFICATION TECHNOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Mechanics
Xing-Yuan Miao, Xiao Chen
Summary: In this study, the mechanisms and failure characteristics of macro-scale cracks transverse to the blade length direction in wind turbine rotor blades are investigated numerically using three-dimensional finite element modelling. The model captures composite failure, foam crushing, and adhesive tunnelling crack. The effects of load directions, material properties of foam cores and adhesives on the formation and development of cracks are examined in detail. It is found that the formation of transverse cracks under static loading is a buckling-driven process, and the buckling resistance can be increased by replacing low stiffness foam cores with high stiffness ones.
COMPOSITE STRUCTURES
(2023)
Article
Materials Science, Ceramics
Xing-Yuan Miao, Steven Pirou, Henrik Lund Frandsen
Summary: Improving the power density of solid oxide fuel cell stacks by downsizing the stack dimension using a monolithic structure is a promising but challenging design. In this study, a multiscale, multiphysics modelling approach is proposed to understand and resolve the issues in the debinding process occurring in a monolithic stack. Simulation results show that changing the composition of organic additives and modifying the debinding temperature profile can help reduce the high pressures and avoid distortion or fracturing of the stack. The findings provide insights for optimizing the manufacturing process of solid oxide fuel cell stacks.
JOURNAL OF THE EUROPEAN CERAMIC SOCIETY
(2023)
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Yousef Alizad Farzin, Mogens Bjerg Mogensen, Henrik Lund Frandsen
Summary: Ni migrates from cermet fuel electrodes in SOECs at high overpotentials, prompting interest in alternative electrode materials. Ni-free perovskites with mixed ionic and electronic conductivity are being developed as substitutes for Ni-YSZ- or Ni-CGO-cermet fuel electrodes. However, some perovskite electrodes exhibit poor electrocatalytic activity during steam electrolysis.
JOURNAL OF POWER SOURCES
(2023)
Article
Materials Science, Characterization & Testing
Xiao Chen, Asier Barbeito Albizu, Xing-Yuan Miao
Summary: An automated image-based three-dimensional geometric reconstruction method is presented for thick laminates with complex ply wrinkles, which can accurately and efficiently assess the damage criticality of laminated composite structures. The method reconstructs the geometry based on limited inspection images, using multiple Gaussian functions model or linear interpolation for wrinkled plies and distance-based interpolation for intermediate plies. The proposed method is verified through comparison with realistic inspection data, demonstrating its accuracy and practicality.
NDT & E INTERNATIONAL
(2023)