Article
Environmental Sciences
Su-Hoon Park, Kyung-Rae Lee, Se-Jin Yook, Hyun Bon Koo
Summary: Improving air quality in classrooms is crucial for students' health and learning ability. A new ventilation system, which installs ventilation inlets on the ceiling and outlets on the floor to create a vertical airflow, was found to enhance indoor air quality and achieve spatial homogeneity. The system reduced the average air age by approximately 15% and improved the uniform distribution of air age in the classroom space.
Article
Construction & Building Technology
Ammar Taher, Serdar Asut, Willem van der Spoel
Summary: This article introduces a project that explores the potential of Additive Manufacturing (AM) for designing and fabricating multi-functional building components for improved climate performance. Through the use of computational methods, an innovative facade wall design was developed and a robotic AM solution was integrated into the workflow. By exploring clay as an AM material and developing a displacement ventilation system using Computational Fluid Dynamics, a partial prototype of the design was successfully made.
Article
Computer Science, Interdisciplinary Applications
Obula Reddy Kummitha, R. Vijay Kumar, V. Murali Krishna
Summary: The computational fluid dynamics analysis of a building plan focused on the predominant wind velocity for different wind directions. The study modeled the variation of flow properties, turbulence distribution, and flow characteristics using the Reynolds-Averaged Navier-Stokes equations and various turbulence models, ultimately identifying optimal ventilation performance when the wind is coming from the west direction.
JOURNAL OF COMPUTATIONAL DESIGN AND ENGINEERING
(2021)
Article
Green & Sustainable Science & Technology
Fangyuan Zhang, Yuji Ryu
Summary: This study used numerical calculations and simulation techniques to investigate the effects of different ventilation methods on indoor air quality, and found that the ventilation mode significantly affects the distribution of condensation on indoor wall surfaces.
Article
Construction & Building Technology
Hao-Hsiang Hsu, Wei-Hwa Chiang, Jian-Sheng Huang
Summary: The study compared the effectiveness of stack and displacement ventilation in providing thermal comfort in an air-conditioned office building through computational fluid dynamics simulations. Displacement ventilation was found to perform better, especially with a higher ceiling, heat source, and lower inlet with cold air. Handrails near the atrium were also noted to play a crucial role in retaining cold air for a longer period, contributing to improved thermal comfort.
Article
Construction & Building Technology
P. M. Sivaram, M. Premalatha, A. Arunagiri
Summary: The study implemented a building-integrated passive solar energy technology, combining solar PV and solar still for ventilation, power generation, and clean water production in a building prototype. Computational fluid dynamics analysis showed good performance and compliance with standards, indicating commercial applicability. The system can further improve efficiency by altering duct arrangements.
JOURNAL OF BUILDING ENGINEERING
(2021)
Article
Green & Sustainable Science & Technology
Guillermo Efren Ovando-Chacon, Sandy Luz Ovando-Chacon, Abelardo Rodriguez-Leon, Mario Diaz-Gonzalez
Summary: This study focuses on the thermal comfort and air quality of a closed, air-conditioned space located in an extremely hot climate. Results indicate that supplying air away from hot walls improves air quality and thermal comfort. There is an optimal Reynolds number that depends on the number of people inside the space. Therefore, it is possible to find an ideal configuration that simultaneously allows for efficient energy use, helps to avoid the adverse effects of CO2 on daily activities, and supports people's health and comfort.
Article
Construction & Building Technology
Xing Zheng, Hamid Montazeri, Bert Blocken
Summary: This study investigates the impact of building facade geometrical details on the pollutant transport mechanism in long street canyons. The results show that building balconies can strongly affect the wind flow field and pollutant dispersion. The presence of balconies decreases the convective contribution to pollutant exchange in long street canyons.
BUILDING AND ENVIRONMENT
(2022)
Article
Construction & Building Technology
Wenjie Huang, Chun Chen
Summary: Accurately predicting indoor particle transport is crucial for designing air distribution to reduce the transmission of airborne infectious diseases. This study proposes an improved Markov chain model with modified turbulence diffusion to increase its accuracy in predicting particle transport. Experimental data on transient particle transport under both steady and unsteady airflow were used to validate the improved model, and the results demonstrate its effectiveness.
BUILDING AND ENVIRONMENT
(2022)
Article
Construction & Building Technology
Jian Liu, Zhang Lin
Summary: This study compares three ventilation methods - mixing ventilation, displacement ventilation, and stratum ventilation - to analyze their energy and exergy efficiency in a sleeping environment. The results show that stratum ventilation creates a nonuniform environment, with higher energy and exergy efficiency compared to mixing ventilation and displacement ventilation, indicating its high potential for energy-saving.
ENERGY AND BUILDINGS
(2021)
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Seonghyun Park, Hyungyu Park, Janghoo Seo
Summary: This study quantitatively analyzed the recirculation rate of pollutants emitted from a kindergarten building in Seoul, South Korea, using computational fluid dynamics (CFD) analysis, and analyzed the effectiveness of the guide panel installed for the prevention of the pollutants' recirculation.
APPLIED SCIENCES-BASEL
(2021)
Article
Construction & Building Technology
MinHo Kim, Hyung-Jun Park
Summary: The study proposes a new approach based on artificial neural network (ANN) for predicting thermodynamic parameters in an indoor environment. The approach consists of two independently trained ANN models, where the outputs of the first model are used as inputs to the second model. The predicted velocity distribution from the first model is employed as an additional input for the second model. The proposed approach outperforms existing ANN models and provides a reasonable solution for indoor airflow prediction.
JOURNAL OF BUILDING ENGINEERING
(2023)
Article
Construction & Building Technology
Jingyuan Shi, Changkai Zhao, Yanan Liu
Summary: This study investigated the influence of the geometric shape of the roof and the opening position on the internal cross-ventilation of buildings. Using computational fluid dynamics, it was found that the top-bottom opening configuration and a gable roof slope angle of 45 degrees achieved the highest air exchange efficiency.
Article
Construction & Building Technology
Xuelin Zhang, J. W. G. Buddhika, Jiayao Wang, A. U. Weerasuriya, K. T. Tse
Summary: Trees planted next to buildings can reduce natural ventilation and cross-ventilation rates due to their location, geometry, foliage characteristics, and leaf drag coefficient. This study used computational fluid dynamics simulations to quantify the effects of different tree parameters on cross ventilation. The results show that leaf area density, tree height, and leaf drag coefficient have the greatest influence on reducing cross-ventilation rates, while width and thickness have a minor impact.
JOURNAL OF BUILDING ENGINEERING
(2023)
Article
Thermodynamics
Haotian Zhang, Xiaoxiao Ding, Weirong Zhang, Weijia Zhang, Yingli Xuan
Summary: Researchers have improved traditional air distribution systems to reduce infection risk. They have proposed a novel ventilation system that allows for switching of inlets and outlets based on different indoor scenarios. They have also introduced a parameter to guide the selection of optimal ventilation module parameters. The results indicate that lower air velocities and appropriate air vent layouts can effectively reduce the harm of contaminants to the human body.
BUILDING SIMULATION
(2023)
Article
Construction & Building Technology
Federico Tartarini, Stefano Schiavon, Ollie Jay, Edward Arens, Charlie Huizenga
Summary: Heatwaves are increasing in frequency and intensity, causing significant deaths. Electric fans are a cost-effective and safe cooling solution even when indoor temperatures exceed 35 degrees C. Studies show that elevated air speeds can delay heat strain, indicating that current health guidelines may be too restrictive.
BUILDING AND ENVIRONMENT
(2022)
Review
Construction & Building Technology
Won Hee Ko, Michael G. Kent, Stefano Schiavon, Brendon Levitt, Giovanni Betti
Summary: This study presents a framework for window view quality, including the variables of View Content, View Access, and View Clarity, which are derived from daylighting standards, green certification systems, and scientific research. Through a literature review, a concept index for evaluating the quality of window views is proposed.
Article
Construction & Building Technology
Toby Cheung, Lindsay T. Graham, Stefano Schiavon
Summary: This study examines the impact of personal factors on occupant satisfaction with indoor environmental quality (IEQ) and finds that job satisfaction and life satisfaction are closely related to IEQ satisfaction.
BUILDING AND ENVIRONMENT
(2022)
Editorial Material
Construction & Building Technology
Won Hee Ko, Stefano Schiavon, Sergio Altomonte, Marilyne Andersen, Ayesha Batool, William Browning, Galen Burrell, Kynthia Chamilothori, Ying-Chieh Chan, Giorgia Chinazzo, Jens Christoffersen, Nancy Clanton, Christopher Connock, Timur Dogan, Billie Faircloth, Luis Fernandes, Lisa Heschong, Kevin W. Houser, Mehlika Inanici, Alstan Jakubiec, Anjali Joseph, Caroline Karmann, Michael Kent, Kyle Konis, Iason Konstantzos, Kera Lagios, Linda Lam, Florence Lam, Eleanor Lee, Brendon Levitt, Wenting Li, Piers MacNaughton, Ahoo Malekafzali Ardakan, John Mardaljevic, Barbara Matusiak, Werner Osterhaus, Steffen Petersen, Matt Piccone, Clotilde Pierson, Brent Protzman, Tarek Rakha, Christoph Reinhart, Siobhan Rockcastle, Holly Samuelson, Luis Santos, Azadeh Sawyer, Stephen Selkowitz, Eloise Sok, Jakob Stromann-Andersen, William C. Sullivan, Irmak Turan, Gayathri Unnikrishnan, Will Vicent, Dan Weissman, Jan Wienold
Article
Construction & Building Technology
Michael G. Kent, Stefano Schiavon
Summary: This study used machine learning models to accurately predict window view preferences based on environmental information criteria. The higher the ratings given to the criteria, the more positive the evaluations for psychological restoration and positive affect. The study recommends the use of these criteria in practice and emphasizes the importance of nature in window view design.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Bing Dong, Yapan Liu, Wei Mu, Zixin Jiang, Pratik Pandey, Tianzhen Hong, Bjarne Olesen, Thomas Lawrence, Zheng O'Neil, Clinton Andrews, Elie Azar, Karol Bandurski, Ronita Bardhan, Mateus Bavaresco, Christiane Berger, Jane Burry, Salvatore Carlucci, Karin Chvatal, Marilena De Simone, Silvia Erba, Nan Gao, Lindsay T. Graham, Camila Grassi, Rishee Jain, Sanjay Kumar, Mikkel Kjaergaard, Sepideh Korsavi, Jared Langevin, Zhengrong Li, Aleksandra Lipczynska, Ardeshir Mahdavi, Jeetika Malik, Max Marschall, Zoltan Nagy, Leticia Neves, William O'Brien, Song Pan, June Young Park, Ilaria Pigliautile, Cristina Piselli, Anna Laura Pisello, Hamed Nabizadeh Rafsanjani, Ricardo Forgiarini Rupp, Flora Salim, Stefano Schiavon, Jens Schwee, Andrew Sonta, Marianne Touchie, Andreas Wagner, Sinead Walsh, Zhe Wang, David M. Webber, Da Yan, Paolo Zangheri, Jingsi Zhang, Xiang Zhou, Xin Zhou
Summary: This paper presents a global database on building occupant behavior, which includes 34 datasets collected from various countries and institutions. These datasets provide more realistic inputs for building energy simulation and load forecasting.
Article
Construction & Building Technology
Zhibin Wu, Nianping Li, Stefano Schiavon
Summary: This study aimed to investigate the impact of temperature step-changes on human comfort and underlying physiological mechanisms in a radiantly cooled environment. The results showed significant changes in thermal sensation, comfort, acceptability, and subjective air freshness before and after temperature step-changes. Perceived sweat and chest tightness were also affected by the temperature changes. Physiological parameters, including skin temperature, heart rate, and heart rate variability, were significantly affected by the temperature step-changes.
BUILDING AND ENVIRONMENT
(2022)
Article
Construction & Building Technology
Matias Quintana, Stefano Schiavon, Federico Tartarini, Joyce Kim, Clayton Miller
Summary: Cohort Comfort Models (CCM) are a technique that predicts personalized thermal comfort for new building occupants by leveraging historical data from similar individuals. It combines background information and one-time surveys with physiological and environmental sensor measurements. The results demonstrate that CCM performs as well as or better than conventional models and achieves increased prediction accuracy when incorporating historical preference data points.
BUILDING AND ENVIRONMENT
(2023)
Article
Construction & Building Technology
Michael Kent, Nam Khoa Huynh, Stefano Schiavon, Stephen Selkowitz
Summary: Daylight can be used to reduce electric lighting in buildings through sensor control, saving energy. However, sensor blockage by occupants can lead to energy waste. The study highlights the usefulness of Power over Ethernet for monitoring sensor performance and minimizing energy use.
ENERGY AND BUILDINGS
(2022)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Jiayu Li, Sultan Zuraimi, Stefano Schiavon, Man Pun Wan, Jinwen Xiong, Kwok Wai Tham
Summary: This study evaluated the diurnal trends of indoor and outdoor fluorescent biological airborne particles (FBAPs) and their contributions to particulate matter (PM). It was found that both indoor and outdoor PM trends were driven by the bioaerosol component. Outdoor FBAP mass concentration peaked around sunrise and decreased during the daytime and increased at night. Indoor FBAP concentration increased after the HVAC system started and peaked at 8:00 and then decreased. Based on regression modeling, indoor PM, non-FBAP, and FBAP sources contributed 93%, 67%, and 97% to indoor mass concentrations, respectively.
SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT
(2022)
Article
Construction & Building Technology
Federico Tartarini, Stefano Schiavon, Matias Quintana, Clayton Miller
Summary: Personal thermal comfort models are an important paradigm for predicting building occupants' perception of their thermal environment. This study conducted a longitudinal field study with 20 participants, collecting over 1080 surveys per participant using smartwatches for 180 days. Machine learning models were trained and tested using environmental and physiological data to predict participants' thermal preferences. The results showed that skin temperature, indoor temperature, near body temperature, and heart rate were the most valuable variables for accurate prediction, and approximately 250-300 data points per participant were needed for accurate prediction.
Article
Construction & Building Technology
Won Hee Ko, Stefano Schiavon, Luis Santos, Michael G. Kent, Hanwook Kim, Mohammad Keshavarzi
Summary: Aims of window design include providing quality views that affect occupants' health, well-being, and work performance. This study assessed the effect of geometric variables on occupants' satisfaction to view access and developed a view access index. The results showed that glazing area, window distance, and viewing direction were the primary predictors for view access satisfaction. Integrating these variables during the early stages of building design is important.
BUILDING AND ENVIRONMENT
(2023)
Article
Construction & Building Technology
Baisong Ning, Chandra Sekhar, Stefano Schiavon, Kwok Wai Tham, David Cheong, Hongyuan Jia, Prashant Anand
Summary: Overcooling or too high humidity issues may occur when the cooling coil in the central air-conditioning system is inadequate. Developing more advanced cooling coils to adapt to cooling load changes is a possible solution. This study presents experimental and simulation results for an adaptable coil, which shows a reduction in relative humidity and stable water flow rate compared to a conventional coil in small-scale experiments. However, in a properly sized and well-operated system, the adaptable coil does not significantly reduce humidity and overcooling.
JOURNAL OF BUILDING ENGINEERING
(2023)
Article
Construction & Building Technology
Gen Pei, James D. Freihaut, Donghyun Rim
Summary: This study explores the potential of low-cost particle sensors in monitoring indoor air quality in commercial buildings. The results indicate the need for improving control strategies for fine particles, and suggest that low-cost sensors can be used to monitor particle filtration effectiveness in ventilation systems, as well as analyze particle emissions associated with occupant activities when combined with CO2 measurements.
JOURNAL OF BUILDING ENGINEERING
(2023)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Zuraimi Sultan, Jiayu Li, Jovan Pantelic, Stefano Schiavon
Summary: This study evaluated the effectiveness of portable air cleaners (PACs) in reducing particle matter (PM) concentration in office buildings and developed a design method to determine the number of PACs needed. The results showed that PACs are more effective in smaller spaces and the effectiveness is logarithmically dependent on the number of units deployed.
AEROSOL AND AIR QUALITY RESEARCH
(2022)
Article
Construction & Building Technology
Samiran Khorat, Debashish Das, Rupali Khatun, Sk Mohammad Aziz, Prashant Anand, Ansar Khan, Mattheos Santamouris, Dev Niyogi
Summary: Cool roofs can effectively mitigate heatwave-induced excess heat and enhance thermal comfort in urban areas. Implementing cool roofs can significantly improve urban meteorology and thermal comfort, reducing energy flux and heat stress.
ENERGY AND BUILDINGS
(2024)
Article
Construction & Building Technology
Qi Li, Jiayu Chen, Xiaowei Luo
Summary: This study focuses on the vertical wind conditions as a main external factor that limits the energy assessment of high-rise buildings in urban areas. Traditional tools for energy assessment of buildings use a universal vertical wind profile estimation, without taking into account the unique wind speed in each direction induced by the various shapes and configurations of buildings in cities. To address this limitation, the study developed an omnidirectional urban vertical wind speed estimation method using direction-dependent building morphologies and machine learning algorithms.
ENERGY AND BUILDINGS
(2024)
Article
Construction & Building Technology
Xiaojun Luo, Lamine Mahdjoubi
Summary: This paper presents an integrated blockchain and machine learning-based energy management framework for multiple forms of energy allocation and transmission among multiple domestic buildings. Machine learning is used to predict energy generation and consumption patterns, and the proposed framework establishes optimal and automated energy allocation through peer-to-peer energy transactions. The approach contributes to the reduction of greenhouse gas emissions and enhances environmental sustainability.
ENERGY AND BUILDINGS
(2024)
Article
Construction & Building Technology
Ying Yu, Yuanwei Xiao, Jinshuai Chou, Xingyu Wang, Liu Yang
Summary: This study proposes a dual-layer optimization design method to maximize the energy sharing potential, enhance collaborative benefits, and reduce the storage capacity of building clusters. Case studies show that the proposed design significantly improves the performance of building clusters, reduces energy storage capacity, and shortens the payback period.
ENERGY AND BUILDINGS
(2024)
Article
Construction & Building Technology
Felix Langner, Weimin Wang, Moritz Frahm, Veit Hagenmeyer
Summary: This paper compares two main approaches to consider uncertainties in model predictive control (MPC) for buildings: robust and stochastic MPC. The results show that compared to a deterministic MPC, the robust MPC increases the electricity cost while providing complete temperature constraint satisfaction, while the stochastic MPC slightly increases the electricity cost but fulfills the thermal comfort requirements.
ENERGY AND BUILDINGS
(2024)
Article
Construction & Building Technology
Somil Yadav, Caroline Hachem-Vermette
Summary: This study proposes a mathematical model to evaluate the performance of a Double Skin Facade (DSF) system and its impact on indoor conditions. The model considers various design parameters and analyzes their effects on the system's electrical output and room temperature.
ENERGY AND BUILDINGS
(2024)
Article
Construction & Building Technology
Ruijun Chen, Holly Samuelson, Yukai Zou, Xianghan Zheng, Yifan Cao
Summary: This research introduces an innovative resilient design framework that optimizes building performance by considering a holistic life cycle perspective and accounting for climate projection uncertainties. The study finds that future climate scenarios significantly impact building life cycle performance, with wall U-value, windows U-value, and wall density being major factors. By using ensemble learning and optimization algorithms, predictions for carbon emissions, cost, and indoor discomfort hours can be made, and the best resilient design scheme can be selected. Applying this framework leads to significant improvements in building life cycle performance.
ENERGY AND BUILDINGS
(2024)