Review
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Oshini Mallawa Kankanamalage, Qiongjie Zhou, Xiaotian Li
Summary: Pregnancy-induced Gestational Hypothyroidism (GHT) can have adverse effects on both mothers and babies, but the benefits of treatment remain controversial due to potential risks of over-treatment. Regulatory mechanisms leading to GHT during pregnancy are not fully understood at present.
FRONTIERS IN ENDOCRINOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology
Luyang Han, Yan Ma, Zhaoxia Liang, Danqing Chen
Summary: Compared to the euthyroid group, pregnant women with subclinical hypothyroidism (SCH) displayed higher rates of inadequate gestational weight gain, premature delivery, low birth weight offspring, and infants small for their gestational age. After levothyroxine treatment, the SCH group showed improvements in cholesterol levels but still exhibited adverse pregnancy outcomes. Regular monitoring of blood sugar, lipid, and homocysteine levels, along with interventions to promote gestational weight gain, may help mitigate the negative effects of SCH on pregnancy outcomes.
Review
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Elizabeth N. Pearce
Summary: This article reviews the diagnosis and management of hypothyroidism during pregnancy, in the preconception period, and in the postpartum period. It emphasizes the need for appropriate treatment for overt hypothyroidism and the importance of monitoring thyroid function during pregnancy. The use of levothyroxine (LT4) is recommended for pregnant women with subclinical hypothyroidism, especially when the TSH level is high or thyroperoxidase antibodies are present.
ENDOCRINE PRACTICE
(2022)
Review
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Zheng Ding, Yindi Liu, Spyridoula Maraka, Nadia Abdelouahab, He-Feng Huang, William D. Fraser, Jianxia Fan
Summary: This study aimed to evaluate the effects of levothyroxine (LT4) treatment on pregnancy and neonatal outcomes among pregnant women with subclinical hypothyroidism (SCH) based on the 2017 American Thyroid Association diagnostic criteria. The results indicated that pregnant women with SCH treated with LT4 had a lower risk of pregnancy loss, preterm birth, and gestational hypertension compared to those in the control group.
FRONTIERS IN ENDOCRINOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Freddy J. K. Toloza, Sarah E. Theriot, Naykky M. Singh Ospina, Sameen Nooruddin, Brooke Keathley, Stacey M. Johnson, Nalin Payakachat, Elena Ambrogini, Rene Rodriguez-Gutierrez, Derek T. O'Keeffe, Juan P. Brito, Victor M. Montori, Nafisa K. Dajani, Spyridoula Maraka
Summary: The study found that one-third of pregnant women using LT4 felt uneasiness/anxiety due to their hypothyroidism diagnosis. About half of the respondents reported that they did not receive an explanation from their clinician regarding the risks of uncontrolled hypothyroidism or the benefits of adequate control. Finally, two in three patients expressed various concerns of LT4-related treatment burden.
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Jiaxi Luo, Jialing Yuan
Summary: LT4 therapy can reduce the risk of premature delivery and amniotic fluid abnormalities in pregnant women with SCH and TPOAb+.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF GENERAL MEDICINE
(2022)
Review
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Xue-Feng Jiao, Miao Zhang, Jingjing Chen, Qiang Wei, Linan Zeng, Dan Liu, Chuan Zhang, Hailong Li, Kun Zou, Li Zhang, Lingli Zhang
Summary: This study conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis on pregnant women with subclinical hypothyroidism (SCH) and found no evidence of benefit from LT4 therapy on pregnancy, neonatal, and childhood outcomes.
FRONTIERS IN ENDOCRINOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Xiaotong Gao, Xichang Wang, Yutong Han, Haoyu Wang, Jiashu Li, Yuanyuan Hou, Yang Yang, Huiru Wang, Weiping Teng, Zhongyan Shan
Summary: The study found that hypothyroidism in early pregnancy has long-term effects on postpartum thyroid dysfunction. Both pre-existing and newly diagnosed hypothyroidism are associated with postpartum thyroiditis.
FRONTIERS IN ENDOCRINOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Ning Yuan, Jianbin Sun, Xin Zhao, Jing Du, Min Nan, Qiaoling Zhang, Xiaomei Zhang
Summary: Subclinical hypothyroidism is associated with adverse pregnancy outcomes, and levothyroxine therapy may help reduce these outcomes.
ENDOCRINE CONNECTIONS
(2022)
Article
Obstetrics & Gynecology
Nobuhiro Hidaka, Chikako Soejima, Mai Sato, Yuzo Kitadai, Masahiro Sumie, Naoyuki Nakanami
Summary: This article presents a challenging case of fetal goitrous hypothyroidism involving three fetuses in a triplet pregnancy, where successful in utero treatment led to a favorable pregnancy outcome. After intra-amniotic injection of levothyroxine, the goiters shrunk and polyhydramnios improved in response to treatment, with no complications for the mother or neonates.
JOURNAL OF OBSTETRICS AND GYNAECOLOGY RESEARCH
(2022)
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Matthew D. Ettleson, Wesley H. Prieto, Pedro S. T. Russo, Jose de Sa, Wen Wan, Neda Laiteerapong, Rui M. B. Maciel, Antonio C. Bianco
Summary: Despite changes in thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) levels, small adjustments in levothyroxine (LT4) dose do not provide clinical benefit. The changes in serum total triiodothyronine (T3) levels may not accurately reflect the changes in TSH levels. Therefore, dose changes in LT4 may minimally affect T3 levels without significant clinical benefit.
JOURNAL OF CLINICAL ENDOCRINOLOGY & METABOLISM
(2023)
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Budour Alkaf, Mohsin Siddiqui, Tomader Ali, Ali Bakir, Kevin Murphy, Karim Meeran, Nader Lessan
Summary: Ramadan fasting can have a short- and long-term impact on thyroid function in patients with primary hypothyroidism on levothyroxine replacement, leading to increased TSH levels and decreased fT4 and fT3 levels, with a subset of patients experiencing thyroid function deterioration.
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Isabelle Runkle, Maria Paz de Miguel, Ana Barabash, Martin Cuesta, Angel Diaz, Alejandra Duran, Cristina Familiar, Nuria Garcia de la Torre, Miguel Angel Herraiz, Nuria Izquierdo, Angel Diaz, Clara Marcuello, Pilar Matia, Veronica Melero, Carmen Montanez, Immaculada Moraga, Natalia Perez-Ferre, Noelia Perez, Carla Assaf-Balut, Miguel Angel Rubio, Jorge Gabriel Ruiz-Sanchez, Concepcion Sanabria, Maria Jose Torrejon, Johanna Valerio, Laura del Valle, Alfonso Calle-Pascual
Summary: The optimal maternal levels of thyroid hormones during the first trimester have not been established, but studies suggest that at gestational week 8, TSH <2.5 mu IU/mL and FT4 >7.5 pg/mL correspond to the 75.8% and 17.9% percentiles, respectively. Early initiation of levothyroxine treatment is beneficial for improving gestation progression in pregnant women with suboptimal TSH/FT4 levels.
FRONTIERS IN ENDOCRINOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Annabelle Naman, Brigitte Delemer, Didier Marot, Elise Michelet, Benedicte Decoudier, Sara Barraud
Summary: This case report highlights the successful treatment of refractory hypothyroidism with subcutaneous injection of LT4. The patient's thyroid function normalized within a few months and remained normal without symptoms after two years. Subcutaneous injection of LT4 may be a safe and easy alternative for patients with malabsorption.
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Huijjuan Wang, Wenxia Wang, Xi Chen, Hailong Shi, Yinmin Shi, Guifeng Ding
Summary: This study analyzed the TPO mutation spectrum in patients with CH in northwest China for the first time. The findings indicated that TPO mutations were not a common cause of CH in China, and the functional data helped clarify the structure-function relationship of the TPO protein.
FRONTIERS IN ENDOCRINOLOGY
(2021)
