Article
Fisheries
Svenja Christiansen, Thor A. Klevjer, Anders Rostad, Dag L. Aksnes, Stein Kaartvedt
Summary: This study assessed the short-term and long-term behavior of the mesopelagic fish species Maurolicus muelleri using a high-resolution dataset from a Norwegian fjord. The results showed that the vertical distribution of pearlside fish was influenced by ambient light levels, with individual behavior differences and potential implications for predator-prey interactions.
ICES JOURNAL OF MARINE SCIENCE
(2021)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Katia Cristina Aparecido, Thierry Fredou, Leandro Nole Eduardo, Michael Maia Mincarone, Rayssa Siqueira Lima, Maria Fernanda da Silva Morais, Bastien Merigot
Summary: Mesopelagic fishes have a high functional diversity and can be grouped into 10 major functional groups. Functional diversity is higher in the deepest layers and varies between day and night.
FRONTIERS IN MARINE SCIENCE
(2023)
Review
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Mohd Nor Faiz Norrrahim, Noor Azilah Mohd Kasim, Victor Feizal Knight, Muhammad Syukri Mohamad Misenan, Nurjahirah Janudin, Noor Aisyah Ahmad Shah, Norherdawati Kasim, Wan Yusmawati Wan Yusoff, Siti Aminah Mohd Noor, Siti Hasnawati Jamal, Keat Khim Ong, Wan Zin Wan Yunus
Summary: Chemical contaminants, particularly heavy metals, dyes, and organic oils, pose a serious threat to the environment and human health. Nanocellulose, as a high-performance bioadsorbent, exhibits promising characteristics such as high adsorption capacity, high mechanical strength, hydrophilic surface chemistry, renewability, and biodegradability. Research has shown that nanocellulose has higher adsorption capacity and better binding affinity than other similar materials at the macroscale in the remediation of chemical contaminants.
Article
Engineering, Environmental
T. C. Rees-White, N. D. Woodman, R. P. Beaven, J. A. Barker, J. Rollinson
Summary: The new SWIW test using tracers like lithium and deuterium aimed to measure lateral contaminant transport for landfill flushing design. Tests were conducted at different scales, with mobile porosities ranging from 0.02 to 0.14 indicating a dual-porosity flow system in landfills. The dual-porosity model provided a good fit to the data in most tests, with block diffusion times ranging from 12 to 6,630 hours, showing a scaling relationship with test size.
Article
Environmental Sciences
Lucinda A. Quigley, Paul E. Caiger, Annette F. Govindarajan, Helena McMonagle, J. Michael Jech, Andone C. Lavery, Heidi M. Sosik, Joel K. Llopiz
Summary: Despite growing interest in harvesting potential resources, research on fish diversity and ecology in the ocean's mesopelagic zone is limited. This study assembled a species-specific image library of sagittal otoliths from 70 mesopelagic fishes, documenting and photographing otoliths from 12 species for the first time. Using a combination of morphological characters and DNA barcoding, the fish were identified to species. The otolith image library, along with otolith-size to fish-length relationships, can be used for prey identification and fish size estimation, providing a valuable tool for studying food webs in the poorly understood mesopelagic zone. Additionally, the generated fish barcodes contribute to existing public databases and enable further analysis of cryptic species and metabarcoding.
FRONTIERS IN MARINE SCIENCE
(2023)
Article
Geochemistry & Geophysics
I. S. Puchtel, R. W. Nicklas, J. Slagle, M. Horan, R. J. Walker, E. G. Nisbet, M. Locmelis
Summary: This study investigates the heterogeneity of Earth's early mantle by analyzing rock samples from the Pilbara Craton. The results show that the rocks in this region exhibit different characteristics compared to other Archean rocks and may not be associated with early magmatic activity. The study also reveals multiple episodes of partial mantle melting and melt extraction in the early mantle, which explains the significant variations in lithophile trace element ratios. Additionally, the analysis of trace element abundances and isotopic compositions provides important insights into mantle evolution and the Earth-Moon system.
GEOCHIMICA ET COSMOCHIMICA ACTA
(2022)
Review
Environmental Sciences
Giacomo Medici, Landis Jared West
Summary: The study reviews the scale dependence of hydraulic conductivities and effective porosities in UK karst aquifers for contaminant transport prediction. Different methods for obtaining hydraulic parameters were discussed, and it was found that effective porosities assumed for transport modelling were often overestimated. The study suggests using values in the range of 0.01-1% for such aquifers to avoid underestimation of groundwater velocities.
ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH
(2021)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Shang-Shu Shih, Hung-Chih Wang
Summary: Wetlands have been proven to be efficient and cost-effective ecological treatment systems for municipal and domestic wastewater. Understanding the hydrodynamic characteristics and contaminant transport processes is essential for optimizing treatment efficiency in wetlands. Flow circulation plays a dominant role in the formation of dead zones, while increasing obstacle length can reduce dead zones and short-circuiting, improving flow field performance. Dynamic disturbances, such as fish movement, contribute to pollutant dissipation and alleviate water quality deterioration caused by pollutant accumulation in wetlands.
JOURNAL OF CONTAMINANT HYDROLOGY
(2021)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Shu Tong Liu, Clement E. Gille, Toby Bird, Kosala Ranathunge, Patrick M. Finnegan, Hans Lambers
Summary: This study investigated the variations in leaf phosphorus concentrations and foliar phosphorus allocation of three plant families in different seasons and habitats in southwestern Australia. It was found that although plants in these families exhibited high photosynthetic phosphorus-use efficiency, each species showed its own unique pattern of foliar phosphorus allocation, and many species also showed differences between seasons.
SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT
(2023)
Article
Ecology
William L. Geary, Adrian F. Wayne, Ayesha I. T. Tulloch, Euan G. Ritchie, Marika A. Maxwell, Tim S. Doherty
Summary: This study aimed to understand the factors influencing the association between fox baiting intensity, red fox activity and feral cat activity, to provide insights into the effectiveness of fox baiting in reducing fox activity. The results showed that rainfall in the previous 12 months, prey abundance, and baiting intensity all had impacts on fox activity. There was also a positive association between fox baiting intensity and feral cat activity.
Article
Fisheries
Daniel L. Cohen, Lynnath E. Beckley
Summary: The study revealed that Myctophum asperum in the Perth Canyon mainly feeds on calanoid copepods and euphausiids, showing a neutral selection towards most other zooplankton. This contributes to the understanding of the pelagic food web in the Perth Canyon Marine Park.
ICHTHYOLOGICAL RESEARCH
(2021)
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Reza Rezaee
Summary: The discovery of a large accumulation of natural hydrogen in Mali has prompted the search for similar hydrogen accumulations in other countries. The generation of hydrogen in Mali is linked to very old iron-rich basement rocks, and similar features may exist in certain regions of Western Australia. These regions appear to have the necessary elements for developing a complete Hydrogen System.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF HYDROGEN ENERGY
(2021)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Anuradha Garg, Brijesh K. Yadav, Diganta B. Das, Paul J. Wood
Summary: Effective monitoring techniques are crucial for detecting and preventing soil-water pollution. Current practices mainly rely on physico-chemical assessments, while biomonitoring provides a more comprehensive understanding of the ecological effects of chemical contamination.
Article
Engineering, Environmental
Yufeng Gong, Diwen Yang, Holly Barrett, Jianxian Sun, Hui Peng
Summary: Advancements in nontargeted analysis have allowed for the detection of multiple chemical contaminants. However, environmental toxicology approaches are lacking, impeding the transition to health risk assessment. A protein-guided approach called APNA has been developed to screen bioactive chemical contaminants at the exposome-wide level. This approach utilizes a tagged functional protein to isolate and identify contaminants, leading to the discovery of new ligands and protein targets. A proposed framework, eCPIN, aims to establish a comprehensive map of interactions between chemical contaminants and human proteins to facilitate screening and identification at a proteome-wide level.
ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Microbiology
C. Chad Lloyd, Sarah Brown, John Paul Balmonte, Adrienne Hoarfrost, Sherif Ghobrial, Carol Arnosti
Summary: The study reveals that particle-associated bacterial communities in the deep ocean exhibit higher enzymatic activities and a broader spectrum of enzyme activities compared with unfiltered seawater communities, and the differences in enzymatic function measured on particles increase with depth. This suggests that particles act as 'specialty centers' essential for the degradation of organic matter even at bathypelagic depths.
FRONTIERS IN MICROBIOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Karli A. Mylius, Jennifer L. Lavers, Eric J. Woehler, Thomas Rodemann, Bianca C. Keys, Jack Rivers-Auty
Summary: Coastlines, including estuaries, mudflats, and beaches, are highly vulnerable to plastic pollution. This study investigated the presence of microplastics and nanoplastics in two shorebird species and their surrounding sediments in Tasmania. It was found that both the birds and sediments contained plastic particles, with higher abundance in the hooded plover species. The study emphasizes the need for accurate techniques in quantifying small plastic particles and raises awareness of the significant amount of small plastics missed by standard analysis tools.
ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION
(2023)
Article
Engineering, Environmental
Bianca C. Keys, Megan L. Grant, Thomas Rodemann, Karli A. Mylius, Terry L. Pinfold, Jack Rivers-Auty, Jennifer L. Lavers
Summary: By using flow cytometry and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, researchers have successfully detected plastic particles ingested by two Australian seabird species, providing baseline data for further study.
ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Ecology
Jelena Kralj, Aurore Ponchon, Daniel Oro, Barbara Amadesi, Juan Arizaga, Nicola Baccetti, Thierry Boulinier, Jacopo G. Cecere, Robin M. Corcoran, Anna-Marie Corman, Leonie Enners, Abram Fleishman, Stefan Garthe, David Gremillet, Ann Harding, Jose Manuel Igual, Luka Jurinovic, Ulrike Kubetzki, Donald E. Lyons, Rachael Orben, Rosana Paredes, Simone Pirrello, Bernard Recorbet, Scott Shaffer, Philipp Schwemmer, Lorenzo Serra, Anouk Spelt, Giacomo Tavecchia, Jill Tengeres, Davorin Tome, Cara Williamson, Shane Windsor, Hillary Young, Marco Zenatello, Ruben Fijn
Summary: Compared to other animal movements, prospecting by adult individuals for a future breeding site is commonly overlooked. By analysing movements of satellite- and GPS-tracked gull and tern populations, this study found that prospecting occurred in 85.7% of studied species, more commonly in populations with frequent inter-annual changes of breeding sites and among females. Further long-term tracking studies are needed to understand the factors affecting prospecting patterns and its consequences on fitness.
Correction
Immunology
Caroline Billings, Rebecca Rifkin, Mohamed Abouelkhair, Rebekah Duckett Jones, Austin Bow, Jaydeep Kolape, Sreekumari Rajeev, Stephen Kania, David E. Anderson
FRONTIERS IN CELLULAR AND INFECTION MICROBIOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Biodiversity Conservation
Martin Beal, Paulo Catry, Richard A. Phillips, Steffen Oppel, John P. Y. Arnould, Maria I. Bogdanova, Mark Bolton, Ana P. B. Carneiro, Corey Clatterbuck, Melinda Conners, Francis Daunt, Karine Delord, Kyle Elliott, Aymeric Fromant, Jose Pedro Granadeiro, Jonathan A. Green, Lewis Halsey, Keith C. Hamer, Motohiro Ito, Ruth Jeavons, Jeong-Hoon Kim, Nobuo Kokubun, Shiho Koyama, Jude V. Lane, Won Young Lee, Sakiko Matsumoto, Rachael A. Orben, Ellie Owen, Vitor H. Paiva, Allison Patterson, Christopher Pollock, Jaime A. Ramos, Paul Sagar, Katsufumi Sato, Scott A. Shaffer, Louise Soanes, Akinori Takahashi, David R. Thompson, Lesley Thorne, Leigh Torres, Yutaka Watanuki, Susan M. Waugh, Henri Weimerskirch, Shannon Whelan, Ken Yoda, Jose C. Xavier, Maria P. Dias
Summary: Animal tracking studies provide insights into space use patterns and inform conservation planning. This study used GPS-tracking data from 23 seabird species to assess the importance of multi-year sampling for identifying important conservation sites. The results showed a high degree of spatial overlap among distribution patterns from different years, suggesting that tracking animals in multiple years may not be necessary. However, it is crucial to track enough individuals to provide a representative estimate of the population distribution during the sampling period.
BIOLOGICAL CONSERVATION
(2023)
Article
Fisheries
J. L. Lavers, A. L. Bond
Summary: Marine systems are facing increasing pressure from human activities, and the deteriorating condition of seabird populations suggests a tipping point has been reached. A study on Lord Howe Island found that the body condition of Flesh-footed Shearwater fledglings has declined over time, particularly in beach-washed birds. The decline in culmen and head + bill length was 0.17 and 0.23 mm/year, respectively, and body mass declined by 16.1 g/year. The high number of fledglings with a weight below 400 g indicates a significant decrease in survival rates after leaving the island.
ICES JOURNAL OF MARINE SCIENCE
(2023)
Article
Biochemical Research Methods
Mohamed M. Abd-Eldaim, Mohamed Maarouf, Leon Potgieter, Stephen A. Kania
Summary: RSV is a major cause of respiratory illness in ruminants and infants, and current vaccines are not effective due to variations in the immune response to the G glycoprotein.
JOURNAL OF VIROLOGICAL METHODS
(2023)
Article
Marine & Freshwater Biology
Jennifer L. Lavers, Alexander L. Bond
Summary: Many seabirds ingest pumice stones for digestion purposes, but the impact on chick growth and its relationship with ingested plastics have not been studied. In this research, the amount of ingested pumice was analyzed in Flesh-footed and Wedge-tailed Shearwaters from Lord Howe Island. The results showed a positive correlation between pumice and plastic ingestion in Flesh-footed Shearwaters, indicating the potential influence of pumice on plastic ingestion.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Jennifer Lord, Nick Millis, Rebekah Duckett Jones, Brian Johnson, Stephen A. Kania, Agricola Odoi
Summary: This study aimed to identify predictors of multidrug resistance (MDR) and methicillin resistance among commonly isolated Staphylococcus species from canine clinical specimens. The findings showed that skeletal specimens had the highest levels of MDR and methicillin resistance. Staphylococcus species, specimen site, and clinical setting were significant predictors of both outcomes.
Article
Veterinary Sciences
Shamim Sarkar, Marcy J. Souza, Tomas Martin-Jimenez, Mohamed A. Abouelkhair, Stephen A. Kania, Chika C. Okafor
Summary: The study measured antibiotic residues in antibiotic-free products sold at farmers' markets in East Tennessee. It found that all tested food products contained varying levels of antibiotic residues, but the median concentrations were below the maximum residue levels set in the U.S. for beef and eggs, indicating that these products are considered safe for consumption. However, no residue limit has been set for honey products, and further research is needed to determine the source of the residues in these foods.
VETERINARY SCIENCES
(2023)
Article
Microbiology
Ashkan Roozitalab, Ola Elsakhawy, Lufuno Phophi, Stephen A. Kania, Mohamed A. Abouelkhair
Summary: We present the genome sequences of 11 isolates of canine Staphylococcus pseudintermedius from multiple states in the United States. The availability of these sequencing data will facilitate spatial phylogenetic analysis of staphylococcal species and other related species, aiding in a better understanding of their virulence potential.
MICROBIOLOGY RESOURCE ANNOUNCEMENTS
(2023)
Article
Immunology
Lufuno Phophi, Mohamed A. Abouelkhair, Rebekah Jones, Jordan Zehr, Stephen A. Kania
Summary: The aim of this study was to investigate the changes in antimicrobial resistance and population structure of MRSP in the US over a span of ten years. The majority of MRSP isolates in 2021 were found to be multidrug-resistant, with a significant increase in resistance observed compared to 2010. The predominance of specific multilocus sequence types (STs) has shifted, suggesting the replacement of strains over time.
COMPARATIVE IMMUNOLOGY MICROBIOLOGY AND INFECTIOUS DISEASES
(2023)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Jessie Richards, Stephen Kania, Abigail Wilson, Emily Kent, Richard Gerhold
Summary: This paper describes the methods used to identify new antigens for blood serological assays, focusing on the neurogenic parasitic nematode Parelaphostrongylus tenuis. Proteins from P. tenuis organisms were isolated and analyzed to obtain amino acid sequences. An antigen of interest was assessed for immunogenic epitopes and synthesized into overlapping peptides. These synthetic peptides showed potential as a diagnostic assay in moose sera.
SCIENTIFIC REPORTS
(2023)
Article
Ecology
Joseph Razzell Hollis, Gabrielle Henderson, Jennifer L. Lavers, Edward Rea, Valeriya Komyakova, Alexander L. Bond
Summary: This study introduces a new method for standardized photography of marine plastics and utilizes automated image analysis to detect and measure size, shape, and color. The method was successfully tested on wildlife and achieved reliable results.
METHODS IN ECOLOGY AND EVOLUTION
(2023)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Lufuno Phophi, Mohamed Abouelkhair, Rebekah Jones, Maryke Henton, Daniel N. Qekwana, Stephen A. Kania
Summary: This study aimed to investigate the molecular epidemiology of S. pseudintermedius in South Africa. The results showed the presence of methicillin resistant Staphylococcus pseudintermedius (MRSP) detection and major multilocus sequence typing strains in South Africa. In addition, the South African isolates exhibited resistance to multiple antibiotics and carried antimicrobial resistance genes and virulence genes. The study also revealed genetic relatedness between South African isolates and isolates from other countries.
Article
Biodiversity Conservation
Yongcui Lan, Jinliang Wang, Qianwei Liu, Fang Liu, Lanfang Liu, Jie Li, Mengjia Luo
Summary: This study focuses on the five major plateau lake basins in central Yunnan, China, and constructs an ecological security pattern using the source-resistance surface-corridor-pinch point framework. The study simulates land use/cover change in the region and identifies early warning regions where future urban expansion poses a threat to current ecological source areas and corridors.
ECOLOGICAL INDICATORS
(2024)
Article
Biodiversity Conservation
Pingping Huang, Feng Zhao, Bailing Zhou, Kuidong Xu
Summary: This study investigates the distribution of benthic microeukaryotes in the China Seas and finds that they can stride over the ecological barrier of 32 degrees N. The study also highlights the significant influence of depth, temperature, and latitude on communities in the China Seas.
ECOLOGICAL INDICATORS
(2024)
Article
Biodiversity Conservation
Federico Morelli, Yanina Benedetti, Jesse Stanford, Leszek Jerzak, Piotr Tryjanowski, Paolo Perna, Riccardo Santolini
Summary: Species distribution models (SDMs) are numerical tools used for predicting species' spatial distribution. This study found that ecological characteristics, such as habitat specialization, play a role in improving the accuracy of SDMs.
ECOLOGICAL INDICATORS
(2024)
Article
Biodiversity Conservation
Xiaoxuan Wu, Hang Liu, Wei Liu
Summary: Global climate change, urbanization, and economic development have increased the need for sustainable human development, urban ecological governance, and low-carbon energy transformation. This study analyzes the green ecological transition in Chengdu based on panel data from 2010 to 2020, exploring its spatiotemporal evolution and key factors. The results show an overall upward trend in Chengdu's green ecological development and positive spatial autocorrelation in certain districts.
ECOLOGICAL INDICATORS
(2024)
Article
Biodiversity Conservation
Castaldi Simona, Formicola Nicola, Mastrocicco Micol, Morales Rodriguez Carmen, Morelli Raffaella, Prodorutti Daniele, Vannini Andrea, Zanzotti Roberto
Summary: Sustainable agricultural practices are increasingly important for global and national environmental policies and economy. This study compared the sustainability of grape production under integrated and organic management using multiple indicators. The results showed that organic management was more beneficial for most environmental aspects of the agroecosystem compared to integrated management, without affecting grape yield.
ECOLOGICAL INDICATORS
(2024)
Article
Biodiversity Conservation
Gaia Vaglio Laurin, Alexander Cotrina-Sanchez, Luca Belelli-Marchesini, Enrico Tomelleri, Giovanna Battipaglia, Claudia Cocozza, Francesco Niccoli, Jerzy Piotr Kabala, Damiano Gianelle, Loris Vescovo, Luca Da Ros, Riccardo Valentini
Summary: Phenology monitoring is important for understanding forest functioning and climate impacts. This research compares the phenological behavior of European beech forests using Tree-Talker (TT+) and Sentinel 2 satellite data. The study finds differences in the information derived by the two sensor types, particularly in terms of season length, phenology changepoints, and leaf period variability. TT+ with its higher temporal resolution demonstrates precision in capturing the phenological changepoints, especially when satellite image availability is limited.
ECOLOGICAL INDICATORS
(2024)
Article
Biodiversity Conservation
Huanhuan Pan, Ziqiang Du, Zhitao Wu, Hong Zhang, Keming Ma
Summary: The land use and cover changes resulting from coal mining activities and ecological restoration have had a significant impact on ecosystem services in mining areas. This study investigates the relationship between ecosystem services and land use intensity in coal mining areas, emphasizing the importance of understanding this interdependence for balanced human-land system development. The research examines the evolving relationship across different reclamation stages in Shanxi, China, using a coupling coordination degree model. The findings suggest the need for timely and judicious reclamation of coalfields, considering the land's bearing capacity.
ECOLOGICAL INDICATORS
(2024)
Article
Biodiversity Conservation
Jingjuan He, Yijun Shi, Lihua Xu, Zhangwei Lu, Mao Feng
Summary: This study examines the spatial interplay between changes in the blue-green spatial distribution and modifications in land surface temperature grades in Shanghai. The findings reveal that the transformation of the blue-green spatial pattern differs between different sectors of the city, and the impact on the thermal environment varies spatially.
ECOLOGICAL INDICATORS
(2024)
Article
Biodiversity Conservation
Yi Xu, Di Zhang, Junqiang Lin, Qidong Peng, Xiaohui Lei, Tiantian Jin, Jia Wang, Ruifang Yuan
Summary: This study analyzed the response relationship between phytoplankton growth and water environmental parameters in the Middle Route of the South-to-North Water Diversion Project in China using long-term monitoring data and machine learning models. The results revealed the differences between monitoring sites and identified the key parameters that affect phytoplankton growth.
ECOLOGICAL INDICATORS
(2024)