Article
Neurosciences
Simon Musall, Xiaonan R. R. Sun, Hemanth Mohan, Xu An, Steven Gluf, Shu-Jing Li, Rhonda Drewes, Emma Cravo, Irene Lenzi, Chaoqun Yin, Bjoern M. Kampa, Anne K. K. Churchland
Summary: Distinct cortical pyramidal neuron types have unique contributions to behavioral decisions. The interactions among diverse cortical and subcortical areas are important for successful decision outcomes. Investigating the cell types that comprise cortical circuits and their dynamics is crucial for understanding complex behavior.
NATURE NEUROSCIENCE
(2023)
Article
Neurosciences
Xinyan Li, Hongyan Yu, Bing Zhang, Lanfang Li, Wenting Chen, Quntao Yu, Xian Huang, Xiao Ke, Yunyun Wang, Wei Jing, Huiyun Du, Hao Li, Tongmei Zhang, Liang Liu, Ling-Qiang Zhu, Youming Lu
Summary: Cholinergic neurons in different species can be categorized into two subpopulations, each with unique functional and structural characteristics, that contribute to diverse behavioral functions.
Article
Biology
Zachary W. Davis, Nicholas M. Dotson, Tom P. Franken, Lyle Muller, John H. Reynolds, Alicia Izquierdo
Summary: The cortical column is a fundamental computational circuit in the brain. Linear array recordings reveal a pattern of laminar spike-field phase relationships that can rapidly and accurately identify the boundaries between different layers in the cortex.
Article
Medicine, Research & Experimental
Rachita Panda, Fernanda V. S. Castanheira, Jared M. Schlechte, Bas G. J. Surewaard, Hanjoo Brian Shim, Amanda Z. Zucoloto, Zdenka Slavikova, Bryan G. Yipp, Paul Kubes, Braedon McDonald
Summary: Acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) is a life-threatening syndrome caused by immune activation and resulting lung damage. SARS-CoV-2 infection has become the main cause of ARDS worldwide, and neutrophils and their effector functions are believed to drive immune-mediated lung injury in COVID-19 ARDS. A study found that COVID-19 ARDS patients have a distinct functional landscape of neutrophils, providing a potential target for adjunctive immunotherapy.
Article
Biology
Shivathmihai Nagappan, Kevin M. Franks
Summary: The study found that semilunar (SL) and superficial pyramidal (PYR) neurons play different roles in odor processing in the olfactory cortex, with SLs receiving and integrating olfactory bulb input, and PYRs transforming and transmitting this input.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Leonid Serebreni, Lisa-Marie Pleyer, Vanja Haberle, Oliver Hendy, Anna Vlasova, Vincent Loubiere, Filip Nemcko, Katharina Bergauer, Elisabeth Roitinger, Karl Mechtler, Alexander Stark
Summary: Different classes of promoters have distinct mechanisms of transcription initiation, resulting in either focused or dispersed initiation patterns.
Article
Hematology
Stephanie A. Renna, James Michael, Xianguo Kong, Lin Ma, Peisong Ma, Marvin T. Nieman, Leonard C. Edelstein, Steven E. McKenzie
Summary: The study found functional differences between human and mouse PAR4, including responsiveness and signaling pathways, highlighting the importance of considering these differences when interpreting mouse PAR4 studies.
JOURNAL OF THROMBOSIS AND HAEMOSTASIS
(2022)
Article
Neurosciences
Sean Tanabe, Heonsoo Lee, Shiyong Wang, Anthony G. Hudetz
Summary: This study investigates the effects of anesthesia on cortical computations, particularly on neural activity and information processing in the visual cortex. The results show that anesthesia at different levels significantly affects the firing patterns of neurons, and these patterns differ from the responses to visual stimuli.
Article
Engineering, Biomedical
James Bigelow, Brian J. Malone
Summary: The research shows that the optimal threshold for extracting information from the auditory cortex is usually lower than the traditional 3 to 5 standard deviations, and for acoustical stimuli dominated by temporally dynamic features, the optimal binwidth is usually minimized at the optimal voltage threshold to achieve temporal precision on the order of a few milliseconds.
JOURNAL OF NEURAL ENGINEERING
(2021)
Article
Microbiology
Kristina Kovacikova, Marina Gorostiola Gonzalez, Rhian Jones, Juan Reguera, Alba Gigante, Maria-Jesus Perez-Perez, Gerhard Puerstinger, Julia Moesslacher, Thierry Langer, Lak Shin Jeong, Leen Delang, Johan Neyts, Eric J. Snijder, Gerard J. P. van Westen, Martijn J. van Hemert
Summary: This study compared the antiviral efficacy of nsP1 inhibitors and found that CHVB and MADTP series had similar modes of action while differing from the FHNA series. Molecular-docking studies revealed the binding sites and potential actions of different series of inhibitors within the nsP1 structure.
ANTIMICROBIAL AGENTS AND CHEMOTHERAPY
(2021)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Alexander J. Barnett, Walter Reilly, Halle R. Dimsdale-Zucker, Eda Mizrak, Zachariah Reagh, Charan Ranganath
Summary: Utilizing resting-state fMRI data analysis, this study identified networks that interact with the hippocampus and investigated the connectivity and functions of different subnetworks during memory-guided decision-making. A Neurosynth meta-analysis of fMRI studies proposed new hypotheses regarding the functions of the identified networks, providing a guide for future research on episodic memory neural architecture.
Article
Neurosciences
Min Li, Xuenan Wang, Xiaomeng Yao, Xiaojun Wang, Feiyu Chen, Xiao Zhang, Shuang Sun, Feng He, Qingmei Jia, Mengnan Guo, Dadian Chen, Yue Sun, Yuchuan Li, Qin He, Zhiwei Zhu, Min Wang
Summary: The disruption of primary motor cortex (M1) function is believed to contribute to motor dysfunction in Parkinson's disease. Through recording M1 neuron activity in 6-OHDA lesion rats and control rats, it was found that distinct subpopulations of M1 neurons can be affected by dopamine depletion, leading to impaired motor function in Parkinson's disease.
FRONTIERS IN NEUROSCIENCE
(2021)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Xiao-Ping Liu, Xiaoqin Wang
Summary: Studies have found that there are differences in stimulus-encoding properties between subpopulations of cortical neurons. These differences are mainly reflected in phase-locking and response timing of different unit types (regular-spiking and bursting units). These differences may contribute to parallel and complementary neural codes.
Article
Neurosciences
Louise C. Parr-Brownlie, Christy A. Itoga, Judith R. Walters, Conor F. Underwood
Summary: Parkinson's disease and dopamine loss have significant effects on the activity of motor thalamus and motor cortex. Dopamine lesion decreases the firing rate of layer V pyramidal neurons in the motor cortex, while not affecting the activity of ventroanterior-ventrolateral thalamus. Parkinson's disease is also associated with an increase in oscillatory waveform sharpness asymmetry in both motor thalamus and motor cortex.
EXPERIMENTAL NEUROLOGY
(2022)
Article
Physiology
Hua-an Tseng, Xue Han
Summary: The activity of PFC neurons during sensory discrimination is modulated by different neuron subtypes and LFP oscillation features. Most PFC neurons exhibit context and task-dependent responses, with excitatory neurons continuously engaged and inhibitory neurons increasingly recruited throughout the trials, being preferentially coordinated with LFP oscillations.
FRONTIERS IN PHYSIOLOGY
(2021)
Biographical-Item
Neurosciences
Earl K. Miller, Robert Desimone
Editorial Material
Psychiatry
Alik S. Widge, Earl K. Miller
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
A. S. Widge, S. Zorowitz, I Basu, A. C. Paulk, S. S. Cash, E. N. Eskandar, T. Deckersbach, E. K. Miller, D. D. Dougherty
NATURE COMMUNICATIONS
(2019)
Article
Neurosciences
Marcus Siems, Markus Siegel
Article
Biochemical Research Methods
Leo Kozachkov, Mikael Lundqvist, Jean-Jacques Slotine, Earl K. Miller
PLOS COMPUTATIONAL BIOLOGY
(2020)
Article
Biochemical Research Methods
Takuya Ito, Scott L. Brincat, Markus Siegel, Ravi D. Mill, Biyu J. He, Earl K. Miller, Horacio G. Rotstein, Michael W. Cole
PLOS COMPUTATIONAL BIOLOGY
(2020)
Article
Biochemical Research Methods
Indie C. Garwood, Sourish Chakravarty, Jacob Donoghue, Meredith Mahnke, Pegah Kahali, Shubham Chamadia, Oluwaseun Akeju, Earl K. Miller, Emery N. Brown
Summary: This study quantified the neural activity induced by Ketamine and provided detailed descriptions of the spectroscopic features in non-human primates and human patients. The findings can facilitate the development of neurophysiological mechanistic models of Ketamine and biomarker discovery for clinical anesthesia monitoring.
PLOS COMPUTATIONAL BIOLOGY
(2021)
Editorial Material
Neurosciences
David L. Baracka, Earl K. Miller, Christopher Moore, Adam M. Packer, Luiz Pessoa, Lauren N. Ross, Nicole C. Rust
Summary: This article discusses the various concepts and naming of "causality" in neuroscience and proposes four ways to enhance clarity around causality.
TRENDS IN NEUROSCIENCES
(2022)
Article
Biochemical Research Methods
Leo Kozachkov, John Tauber, Mikael Lundqvist, Scott L. Brincat, Jean-Jacques Slotine, Earl K. Miller
Summary: Research suggests that short-term synaptic plasticity (STSP) is important for maintaining working memory and making neural networks more brain-like. Artificial neural networks with STSP showed better performance in maintaining memories and resisting network degradation compared to networks without STSP.
PLOS COMPUTATIONAL BIOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Neurosciences
Roser Sanchez-Todo, Andre M. Bastos, Edmundo Lopez-Sola, Borja Mercadal, Emiliano Santarnecchi, Earl K. Miller, Gustavo Deco, Giulio Ruffini
Summary: In this study, a new framework called laminar neural mass models (LaNMM) is proposed to simulate electrophysiological measurements by combining conduction physics with NMMs. Using this framework, the location of oscillatory generators in the prefrontal cortex of the macaque monkey is inferred from laminar-resolved data. A minimal model capable of generating coupled slow and fast oscillations is defined, and LaNMM-specific parameters are optimized to fit the recorded data. The functional connectivity (FC) of the model and data are evaluated using an optimization function, and the family of best solutions reproduces the observed FC by selecting specific locations of pyramidal cells and their synapses.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Indie C. Garwood, Alex J. Major, Marc-Joseph Antonini, Josefina Correa, Youngbin Lee, Atharva Sahasrabudhe, Meredith K. Mahnke, Earl K. Miller, Emery N. Brown, Polina Anikeeva
Summary: This study successfully translates multifunctional fiber neurotechnology from rodent studies to macaque studies, enabling cortical and subcortical neural recording and modulation. By recording and analyzing the electrophysiological changes during a working memory task, the researchers uncover the reshaping process of neural activity under local inhibition.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Sourish Chakravarty, Jacob Donoghue, Ayan S. Waite, Meredith Mahnke, Indie C. Garwood, Sebastian Gallo, Earl K. Miller, Emery N. Brown
Summary: Research has shown that unconsciousness under general anesthesia can be reliably tracked using real-time electroencephalogram processing. To aid patient management during surgery, a closed-loop anesthesia delivery system was implemented in nonhuman primates, which accurately controlled the level of unconsciousness. The system demonstrated superior performance and established critical steps for designing and testing closed-loop anesthesia delivery systems in humans.
Article
Neurosciences
Nathanael A. Cruzado, Zoran Tiganj, Scott L. Brincat, Earl K. Miller, Marc W. Howard