Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Demitria M. Vasilatis, Christopher A. Lucchesi, Paramita M. Ghosh
Summary: Dogs naturally develop prostate cancer similar to aggressive forms found in humans. Prostate cancer samples in dogs often lack androgen receptor (AR), which can enhance our understanding of AR-indifferent prostate cancer in humans. This review highlights the molecular similarities between dog and human prostate cancer variants, suggesting the potential use of dogs as pre-clinical animal models for developing new therapies and diagnostics that can benefit both species.
Editorial Material
Cell Biology
Li Xin
Summary: EZH2 has been shown to promote the development of castration-resistant prostate cancer (CRPC) by interacting with the androgen receptor (AR) to reprogram its transcriptional activity, facilitating the transition of CRPC into a lineage infidelity state.
NATURE CELL BIOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology
Ning Kang, Hui Xue, Yen-Yi Lin, Xin Dong, Adam Classen, Rebecca Wu, Yuxuan Jin, Dong Lin, Stanislav Volik, Christopher Ong, Martin Gleave, Colin Collins, Yuzhuo Wang
Summary: Androgen deprivation therapy (ADT) is the standard care for advanced prostate cancer patients. B7-H3 is a promising new target for PCa immunotherapy. The expression pattern of B7-H3 following ADT and during CRPC progression is largely unknown but critically important for identifying patients and determining the optimal timing of B7-H3 targeting immunotherapy.
CANCER GENE THERAPY
(2023)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Jae Duck Choi, Tae Jin Kim, Byong Chang Jeong, Hwang Gyun Jeon, Seong Soo Jeon, Min Yong Kang, Seon Yong Yeom, Seong Il Seo
Summary: Abnormal expression of ISL1 has been closely associated with cancer development and progression, with particular focus on its role in the androgen receptor-dependent prostate cancer cell growth, EMT, and enzalutamide resistance. ISL1 knockdown was found to inhibit AR activity, cell growth, and EMT in enzalutamide-resistant cells, suggesting its potential as a therapeutic target for CRPC. The study highlights the importance of downregulating ISL1 expression to overcome enzalutamide resistance and improve survival in CRPC patients.
SCIENTIFIC REPORTS
(2021)
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Haozhe Zhang, Yi Zhou, Zengzhen Xing, Rajiv Kumar Sah, Junqi Hu, Hailiang Hu
Summary: This review discusses the close relationship between the evolution of prostate cancer and androgen levels and the status of the androgen receptor. It also explores how alterations in androgen metabolism contribute to the resistance to anti-androgen therapy.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2022)
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Tomoyuki Makino, Kouji Izumi, Atsushi Mizokami
Summary: Recent research has highlighted the important role of the androgen receptor (AR) in prostate cancer, particularly in castration-resistant prostate cancer. While new AR signaling-targeted agents have been developed to inhibit AR activity, long-term use may lead to the emergence of AR-independent prostate cancer cells, which pose a challenge for effective treatment options. Further studies are needed to address the transformation mechanisms and potential treatment strategies for AR-independent prostate cancer.
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Margherita Corti, Stefano Lorenzetti, Alessandro Ubaldi, Romano Zilli, Daniele Marcoccia
Summary: The role of endocrine disruptors in the human prostate gland is overlooked, but they can influence the homeostasis and diseases of the prostate, including prostate cancer.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2022)
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Tae Jin Kim, Young Hwa Lee, Kyo Chul Koo
Summary: The androgen receptor (AR) plays a crucial role in the development and progression of prostate cancer (PCa), and treatment for hormone-sensitive prostate cancer (HSPC) relies heavily on androgen deprivation therapy (ADT). Despite most patients progressing to castration-resistant prostate cancer (CRPC), studies suggest that manipulating alternative molecular pathways can help improve current treatments and develop novel therapies for CRPC management.
Article
Oncology
Balaji Chandrasekaran, Subhasish Tapadar, Bocheng Wu, Uttara Saran, Ashish Tyagi, Alexis Johnston, David A. Gaul, Adegboyega K. Oyelere, Chendil Damodaran
Summary: SBI-46, an antiandrogen and histone deacetylase inhibitor, demonstrates anticancer effects on castration-resistant prostate cancer (CRPC) by downregulating the expression of AR and AR-splice variants. It induces apoptosis by activating pro-apoptotic genes and inhibiting anti-apoptotic genes. Additionally, oral administration of SBI-46 suppresses the growth of CRPC xenograft tumors expressing AR or both AR and AR-SV.
Article
Oncology
Xiaolei Shi, Abderrahman Day, Hannah E. Bergom, Sydney Tape, Sylvan C. Baca, Zoi E. Sychev, Gabrianne Larson, Asha Bozicevich, Justin M. Drake, Nicholas Zorko, Jinhua Wang, Charles J. Ryan, Emmanuel S. Antonarakis, Justin Hwang
Summary: The study identifies B7-H3 as an immune checkpoint overexpressed in prostate cancer, particularly in metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer (mCRPC). Enzalutamide-resistant mCRPC cells show increased expression of B7-H3, and it is associated with resistance signaling pathways. The gene network of B7-H3 is strongly correlated with androgen receptor (AR) and its co-factors, suggesting potential therapeutic targets for mCRPC.
NPJ PRECISION ONCOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Oncology
Zemin Hou, Shengsong Huang, Zhenfei Li
Summary: Androgens are crucial in the development of prostate cancer, and targeting steroidogenesis and the androgen receptor has been effective in delaying disease progression. New generation androgen receptor pathway inhibitors like abiraterone and enzalutamide continue to emphasize the role of the androgen-AR axis, even in cases of resistance. The importance of this axis in managing the disease after resistance to current treatments, particularly in neuroendocrine prostate cancer, remains uncertain.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Abbas Khan, Yuanshen Mao, Sana Tahreem, Dong-Qing Wei, Yanjing Wang
Summary: This study examines the impact of AR gene mutations on resistance to Enzalutamide using structural bioinformatics and molecular simulation methods. The mutations alter the binding mode of Enzalutamide, disrupting the antagonist activity by misstargeting key residues. These findings provide a structural basis for understanding resistance mechanisms and designing effective drugs.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF BIOLOGICAL MACROMOLECULES
(2022)
Article
Medicine, Research & Experimental
Sue Jin Moon, Byong Chang Jeong, Hwa Jin Kim, Joung Eun Lim, Hye-Jeong Kim, Ghee Young Kwon, Joshua A. Jackman, Jeong Hoon Kim
Summary: The study identified BCT as a potent inhibitor targeting both AR-FL and AR-V7 activities in CRPC, effectively suppressing tumor growth and metastasis. Mechanistically, BCT disrupts the interaction of HSP90 with AR-FL/AR-V7, leading to their degradation and showing promising therapeutic potential against CRPC.
Article
Oncology
Cheng Qian, Dan Li, Yu Chen
Summary: The ETS family of proteins plays critical roles in prostate cancer, and gene fusion and overexpression of certain members have been linked to the development of this cancer. This review provides an overview of the discovery, classification, and therapeutic targeting of ETS family members in prostate cancer.
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Navid Sobhani, Praveen Kumar Neeli, Alberto D'Angelo, Matteo Pittacolo, Marianna Sirico, Ilaria Camilla Galli, Giandomenico Roviello, Gabriella Nesi
Summary: Metastatic prostate cancer is the most common cancer in males with a poor prognosis, and many patients develop the AR-V7 variant. AR-V7 acts as a transcription factor in the nucleus, repressing crucial tumor suppressor genes. Anti-AR-V7 drugs show promise for this subset of patients.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2021)
