Article
Oncology
Anna Tisler, Sven Erik Ojavee, Piret Veerus, Pilleriin Soodla, Anneli Uuskuela
Summary: The study highlights the unacceptably low coverage of cervical cancer screening for women living with HIV in Estonia, indicating the need for dedicated screening efforts due to their high cancer risk in this population.
Article
Virology
Yunfeng Fu, Ying Li, Xiao Li, Xinyu Wang, Weiguo Lu
Summary: To assess the effectiveness of DH3-human papillomavirus (HPV) partial genotyping for risk stratification in cervical cancer screening, a retrospective cohort study was conducted with 7263 Chinese women aged 21-71 years. DH3-HPV and Hybrid Capture 2 (HC2) tests were performed on baseline cytological samples after a 3-year follow-up. The results showed that DH3-HPV and HC2 provided similar risk estimates across different cytological results. Partial genotyping of DH3-HPV performed well in stratifying the risk of cervical intraepithelial neoplasia, with higher risks observed for HPV16/18 compared to other high-risk HPV types. Women with an HPV-negative result had significantly lower cumulative risks of developing CIN3+ or CIN2+ compared to those with normal cytology. These findings suggest that DH3-HPV partial genotyping can effectively balance the benefits and harms of cervical cancer screening.
JOURNAL OF MEDICAL VIROLOGY
(2023)
Article
Oncology
Belinda C. Goodwin, Larry Myers, Michael J. Ireland, Sonja March, Nicholas Ralph, Jeff Dunn, Suzanne Chambers, Joanne Aitken
Summary: The study aimed to develop and test a psychometric instrument for measuring common barriers to completing and returning home bowel cancer screening kits. Using data from 427 Australian adults, common barriers identified included having already been screened, forgetting about the kit, and a lack of planning. Results indicated four clear barrier types: disgust, avoidance, lack of autonomy, and physical difficulties.
Article
Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
Gowokani Chijere Chirwa
Summary: This paper is the first study to examine the socioeconomic inequality in cervical cancer screening uptake using concentration indices in Malawi. The results showed a pro-rich inequality in cervical cancer screening services in Malawi, and socioeconomic factors contribute significantly to this inequality.
Article
Clinical Neurology
Vladimir S. Klimov, Vladislav V. Kelmakov, Brent L. Clyde, Aleksey Evsyukov, Evgeniy A. Loparev, Evgenia Amelina, Anatoliy Bervitskiy, Anton P. Ponomarenko, Jamil A. Rzaev
Summary: This study aimed to evaluate the long-term clinical and radiological outcomes of anterior uncoforaminotomy in patients with degenerative cervical spine pathology. The results showed improvement in clinical symptoms after surgery with no significant complications, and the stability of the cervical spine was maintained.
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Hyunah Kim, Da Young Jung, Seung-Hwan Lee, Jae-Hyoung Cho, Hyeon Woo Yim, Hun-Sung Kim
Summary: The impact of thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) levels on diabetes mellitus incidence remains controversial in euthyroid state, but increases in TSH levels were associated with decreased skeletal muscle mass and increased body fat mass. Moreover, increment in TSH levels correlated with significant increases in fasting blood glucose and body mass index.
JOURNAL OF DIABETES
(2022)
Article
Oncology
Binhua Dong, Huachun Zou, Xiaodan Mao, Yingying Su, Hangjing Gao, Fang Xie, Yuchun Lv, Yaojia Chen, Yafang Kang, Huifeng Xue, Diling Pan, Pengming Sun
Summary: Compared with the HR-HPV nongenotyping period, the introduction of HR-HPV genotyping in the FCPP in China led to the identification of more CIN2+ cases at the initial screening, higher rates of colposcopy referral, and a higher hazard ratio for CIN2+ diagnosis. The HR-HPV genotyping period also showed higher screening coverage, greater compliance with age recommendations, lower over-screening rates, and reduced unqualified samples.
THERAPEUTIC ADVANCES IN MEDICAL ONCOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Health Care Sciences & Services
Madleen Orumaa, Suzanne Campbell, Nathalie C. Stoer, Philip E. Castle, Sagar Sen, Ameli Trope, Adebola Adedimeji, Mari Nygard
Summary: Exposure to the FightHPV mobile app gamified educational content significantly increased cervical cancer screening attendance and improved detection of women with high risk for cervical cancer.
JMIR SERIOUS GAMES
(2022)
Article
Surgery
Guanzhang Mu, Hao Chen, Haoyong Fu, Shijun Wang, Hailin Lu, Xiaodong Yi, Chunde Li, Lei Yue, Haolin Sun
Summary: This study compared the clinical and radiological outcomes of zero-profile (ZP) and stand-alone (ST) cages in two-level anterior cervical discectomy and fusion (ACDF). The results showed that both ZP and ST cages provided reliable clinical outcomes, but the ZP cage may be more effective in reducing disc height loss.
FRONTIERS IN SURGERY
(2022)
Article
Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
Jake M. Pry, Albert Manasyan, Sharon Kapambwe, Katayoun Taghavi, Miquel Duran-Frigola, Mulindi Mwanahamuntu, Izukanji Sikazwe, Jane Matambo, Jack Mubita, Kennedy Lishimpi, Kennedy Malama, Carolyn Bolton Moore
Summary: The study examined cervical cancer screening among different age groups in Zambia and found that HIV-positive women were more likely to test positive. Younger women (<= 29 years) with HIV had the highest predictive probability of screening positive. Customized sensitization strategies could improve uptake and adherence to screening.
LANCET GLOBAL HEALTH
(2021)
Article
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
Simon Graham, Fayyaz Minhas, Mohsin Bilal, Mahmoud Ali, Yee Wah Tsang, Mark Eastwood, Noorul Wahab, Mostafa Jahanifar, Emily Hero, Katherine Dodd, Harvir Sahota, Shaobin Wu, Wenqi Lu, Ayesha Azam, Ksenija Benes, Mohammed Nimir, Katherine Hewitt, Abhir Bhalerao, Andrew Robinson, Hesham Eldaly, Shan E. Ahmed Raza, Kishore Gopalakrishnan, David Snead, Nasir Rajpoot
Summary: This study developed an interpretable AI algorithm that can classify large bowel endoscopic biopsies as normal or abnormal. The algorithm achieved consistently high accuracy and can help save pathologist resources and improve early diagnosis.
Article
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
Simon Graham, Fayyaz Minhas, Mohsin Bilal, Mahmoud Ali, Yee Wah Tsang, Mark Eastwood, Noorul Wahab, Mostafa Jahanifar, Emily Hero, Katherine Dodd, Harvir Sahota, Shaobin Wu, Wenqi Lu, Ayesha Azam, Ksenija Benes, Mohammed Nimir, Katherine Hewitt, Abhir Bhalerao, Andrew Robinson, Hesham Eldaly, Shan E. Ahmed Raza, Kishore Gopalakrishnan, David Snead, Nasir Rajpoot
Summary: An interpretable artificial intelligence algorithm was developed to rule out normal large bowel endoscopic biopsies, saving pathologist resources and aiding in early diagnosis. The algorithm achieved high accuracy in training and external validation, providing explainable predictions and potentially improving pathologists' confidence in diagnosis.
Article
Neurosciences
Rebecca Zingel, Jens Bohlken, Karel Kostev
Summary: A study in German general practices found a positive association between IBD and dementia, with IBD patients showing a higher risk of developing dementia, especially in UC patients. The risk of dementia was increased by 1.22-fold in IBD patients, with UC patients having a 1.25-fold higher risk compared to CD patients.
JOURNAL OF ALZHEIMERS DISEASE
(2021)
Article
Oncology
Samantha L. Quaife, Jo Waller, Jennifer L. Dickson, Kate E. Brain, Clara Kurtidu, John McCabe, Allan Hackshaw, Stephen W. Duffy, Samuel M. Janes
Summary: The low uptake of low-dose computed tomography lung cancer screening by high-risk groups compromises its effectiveness and equity. Positive and negative perceptions were found to be associated with higher odds of uptake.
JOURNAL OF THORACIC ONCOLOGY
(2021)
Review
Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
N. B. Yimer, M. A. Mohammed, K. Solomon, M. Tadese, S. Grutzmacher, H. K. Meikena, B. Alemnew, N. T. Sharew, T. D. Habtewold
Summary: This study aimed to estimate the pooled uptake of cervical cancer screening and identify its predictors in Sub-Saharan Africa through a systematic review and meta-analysis. The results indicated a low uptake of cervical cancer screening in the region, influenced by factors such as knowledge level, age, HIV status, and educational level. Targeted health promotion programs are required to improve cervical cancer screening uptake in Sub-Saharan Africa.
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Lasse Kaalby, Ulrik Deding, Issam Al-Najami, Gabriele Berg-Beckhoff, Thomas Bjorsum-Meyer, Tinne Laurberg, Aasma Shaukat, Robert J. C. Steele, Anastasios Koulaouzidis, Morten Rasmussen, Morten Kobaek-Larsen, Gunnar Baatrup
Summary: New research suggests that faecal haemoglobin concentration (f-Hb) can indicate the presence of serious diseases not related to colorectal cancer (CRC). This study found an association between increasing f-Hb and the risk of mortality, as well as an increased risk of dying from respiratory disease, cardiovascular disease, and other cancers. f-Hb may be a potential biomarker for non-CRC diseases.
Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Annie S. Anderson, Claire Donaghy, Ross Lamb, Robert J. C. Steele, Susan Moug
Summary: The BeWEL trial showed that a significant proportion of colorectal adenoma patients are interested in lifestyle interventions and achieved clinically relevant weight loss at 12-month follow-up. However, replicating the program in a non-research setting was found to be less feasible, and alternative approaches should be explored.
JOURNAL OF HUMAN NUTRITION AND DIETETICS
(2023)
Article
Family Studies
Fiona Turner, Gary Kainth, Sara MacDonald, Rory O'Connor, Karen Crawford, Helen Minnis
Summary: This study is the first qualitative study to explore the drivers and barriers of commitment in short-term foster care and how it meets the needs of maltreated children. The study found that emotional investment is more emphasized in short-term foster care, rather than committing to an enduring relationship.
CHILD ABUSE & NEGLECT
(2023)
Article
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Leanne Mooney, Colette E. Jackson, Carly Adamson, Alex McConnachie, Paul Welsh, Rachel C. Myles, John J. V. McMurray, Pardeep S. Jhund, Mark C. Petrie, Ninian N. Lang
Summary: Circulating levels of interleukin-6 may identify patients at greater risk of adverse outcomes following hospitalization with heart failure with preserved ejection fraction.
CIRCULATION-HEART FAILURE
(2023)
Article
Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
Jayne Digby, Callum G. Fraser, Gavin Clark, Craig Mowat, Judith A. Strachan, Robert J. C. Steele
Summary: This study aimed to develop a risk-scoring model for colorectal cancer using data from the Scottish Bowel Screening Programme. Only faecal haemoglobin concentration and age showed a significant association with colorectal cancer. By tailoring the threshold for faecal haemoglobin concentration according to age, the disparity in interval cancer proportion between women and men could be reduced.
JOURNAL OF MEDICAL SCREENING
(2023)
Article
Neurosciences
Matthew Jamieson, Heather McClelland, Nicola Goudie, Jean McFarlane, Breda Cullen, Marilyn Lennon, Stephen Brewster, Bethany Stanley, Alex McConnachie, Jonathan Evans
Summary: Mobile phone reminding apps are useful for people with acquired brain injury to compensate for memory impairments. This pilot feasibility trial aimed to establish the feasibility of a randomized controlled trial comparing reminder apps in an ABI community treatment setting. The results showed that most participants could learn to use the apps and a larger trial would require 72 participants.
NEUROPSYCHOLOGICAL REHABILITATION
(2023)
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Siang Ing Lee, Holly Hope, Dermot O'Reilly, Lisa Kent, Gillian Santorelli, Anuradhaa Subramanian, Ngawai Moss, Amaya Azcoaga-Lorenzo, Adeniyi Francis Fagbamigbe, Catherine Nelson-Piercy, Christopher Yau, Colin McCowan, Jonathan Ian Kennedy, Katherine Phillips, Megha Singh, Mohamed Mhereeg, Neil Cockburn, Peter Brocklehurst, Rachel Plachcinski, Richard D. Riley, Shakila Thangaratinam, Sinead Brophy, Sudasing Pathirannehelage Buddhika Hemali Sudasinghe, Utkarsh Agrawal, Zoe Vowles, Kathryn Mary Abel, Krishnarajah Nirantharakumar, Mairead Black, Kelly-Ann Eastwood, MuM PreDiCT
Summary: This observational study aims to compare maternal and child outcomes for pregnant women with multiple long-term conditions to those without multiple long-term conditions. Data from routine health records in the UK and the Born in Bradford birth cohort will be used to examine the association of multiple long-term conditions with various outcomes. The results will be published in peer-reviewed journals and presented at conferences.
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Jesse Dawson, Michele Robertson, David Alexander Dickie, Phillip Bath, Kirsten Forbes, Terence Quinn, Niall M. Broom, Krishna Dani, Alex Doney, Graeme Houston, Kennedy R. Lees, Keith W. Muir, Allan Struthers, Matthew Walters, Mark Barber, Ajay Bhalla, Alan Cameron, Alexander Dyker, Paul Guyler, Ahamad Hassan, Mark T. Kearney, Breffni Keegan, Sekaran Lakshmanan, Mary Joan Macleod, Marc Randall, Louise Shaw, Ganesh Subramanian, David Werring, Alex McConnachie
Summary: This study investigated whether allopurinol could reduce the progression of white matter hyperintensity (WMH) and blood pressure after an ischaemic stroke or transient ischaemic attack (TIA). The results showed that allopurinol had no significant effect on the progression of WMH and blood pressure.
Article
Allergy
Virginia Hernandez Santiago, Adeniyi Francis Fagbamigbe, Frank M. Sullivan, Utkarsh Agrawal, Daniel Morales, Colin Mccowan, Brian Lipworth
Summary: This study found that exposure to intranasal corticosteroids (INCS) is not significantly associated with COVID-19 mortality. However, the use of INCS is significantly associated with a lower all-cause mortality among different patient groups.
ANNALS OF ALLERGY ASTHMA & IMMUNOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Kenneth Mangion, Andrew J. Morrow, Robert Sykes, Anna Kamdar, Catherine Bagot, George Bruce, Paul Connelly, Christian Delles, Vivienne B. Gibson, Lynsey Gillespie, Pauline Hall Barriento, Vera Lennie, Giles Roditi, Naveed Sattar, David Stobo, Sarah Allwood-Spiers, Alex McConnachie, Colin Berry
Summary: A study found sex differences in myocardial inflammation in female post-COVID-19 patients, who also reported worse outcomes at index admission and 28-60 days follow-up, although they had lower rates of cardiovascular hospitalization.
BMC CARDIOVASCULAR DISORDERS
(2023)
Article
Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
Gavin R. C. Clark, Thomas Godfrey, Calum Purdie, Judith Strachan, Francis A. Carey, Callum G. Fraser, Robert J. C. Steele
Summary: This study compared the interval cancer proportions between the FIT-based Scottish Bowel Screening Programme and the former gFOBT-based program, and investigated the associations between interval cancer and factors such as faecal haemoglobin concentration, sex, age, deprivation, site, and stage. The results showed that FIT had a higher proportion of screen detected cancers compared to interval cancers, and women had a higher proportion of interval cancers than men. Lowering the faecal haemoglobin threshold could reduce the number of interval cancers, but additional colonoscopy would be required.
JOURNAL OF MEDICAL SCREENING
(2023)
Article
Obstetrics & Gynecology
Siang Ing Lee, Stephanie Hanley, Zoe Vowles, Rachel Plachcinski, Amaya Azcoaga-Lorenzo, Beck Taylor, Catherine Nelson-Piercy, Colin McCowan, Dermot O'Reilly, Holly Hope, Kathryn M. M. Abel, Kelly-Ann Eastwood, Louise Locock, Megha Singh, Ngawai Moss, Sinead Brophy, Krishnarajah Nirantharakumar, Shakila Thangaratinam, Mairead Black
Summary: This study conducted a qualitative research to inform a core outcome set for studies of pregnant women with multiple long-term conditions. The findings identified 63 outcomes in total, including maternal, children's, and health care utilization outcomes. The study also revealed that women and partners had higher expectations for involvement in care decisions and being informed about the risks, while health care professionals emphasized non-clinical and longer-term outcomes.
BMC PREGNANCY AND CHILDBIRTH
(2023)
Article
Health Care Sciences & Services
Jane Lyons, Ashley Akbari, Keith R. Abrams, Amaya Azcoaga Lorenzo, Thamer Ba Dhafari, James Chess, Spiros Denaxas, Richard Fry, Chris P. Gale, John Gallacher, Lucy J. Grif, Bruce Guthrie, Marlous Hall, Farideh Jalali-najafabadi, Ann John, Clare Macrae, Colin Mccowan, Niels Peek, Dermot Oreilly, James Rafferty, Ronan A. Lyons, Rhiannon K. Owen
Summary: This study aimed to measure chronic disease accrual and examine the differences in disease development and mortality between different socioeconomic groups in Wales, UK. The results showed that individuals living in more deprived areas were diagnosed with chronic diseases earlier and had a higher risk of premature death compared to their counterparts in less deprived areas.
LANCET REGIONAL HEALTH-EUROPE
(2023)
Article
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Jessica Artico, Hunain Shiwani, James C. Moon, Miroslawa Gorecka, Gerry P. McCann, Giles Roditi, Andrew Morrow, Kenneth Mangion, Elena Lukaschuk, Mayooran Shanmuganathan, Christopher A. Miller, Amedeo Chiribiri, Sanjay K. Prasad, Robert D. Adam, Trisha Singh, Chiara Bucciarelli-Ducci, Dana Dawson, Daniel Knight, Marianna Fontana, Charlotte Manisty, Thomas A. Treibel, Eylem Levelt, Ranjit Arnold, Peter W. Macfarlane, Robin Young, Alex McConnachie, Stefan Neubauer, Stefan K. Piechnik, Rhodri H. Davies, Vanessa M. Ferreira, Marc R. Dweck, Colin Berry, John P. Greenwood
Summary: This study aimed to assess the presence, nature, and extent of myocardial damage in hospitalized patients with troponin elevation and COVID-19. The study found that patients with COVID-19 and elevated cardiac troponin levels had more ventricular impairment and myocardial scar compared to the control group. However, the proportion of myocarditis was low and scar pathogenesis was diverse.
Article
Rheumatology
L. Paul, M. T. Mcdonald, A. Mcconnachie, S. Siebert, E. H. Coulter
Summary: This study investigated the adherence and effects of an online physiotherapy program on individuals with axial spondyloarthritis (axSpA), as well as the factors influencing adherence. The study found that adherence decreased over the intervention period, and there was no association between adherence and baseline variables or demographics. Interviews revealed that support from others, routine, and perceived benefits positively influenced adherence, while lack of motivation, life events, and symptoms negatively affected adherence.
RHEUMATOLOGY INTERNATIONAL
(2023)