Article
Cell Biology
Pablo Montanes-Agudo, Simona Casini, Simona Aufiero, Auriane C. Ernault, Ingeborg van der Made, Yigal M. Pinto, Carol Ann Remme, Esther E. Creemers
Summary: The study reveals that the minor spliceosome regulates the electrophysiological properties of cardiomyocytes by modulating the expression and function of voltage-dependent ion channels. This finding has important implications for genetic diseases and acquired diseases such as heart failure, in which there are changes in minor spliceosome activity.
JOURNAL OF CELL SCIENCE
(2022)
Review
Cell Biology
Zhan Ding, Yan-Ran Meng, Yu-Jie Fan, Yong-Zhen Xu
Summary: RNA splicing is a process catalyzed by spliceosomes in the nucleus, which removes intronic sequences from precursor RNAs and generates mature RNA. This process increases proteome complexity and fine-tunes gene expression. The major spliceosome and the minor spliceosome are the two coexisting spliceosomes in most metazoans. The major spliceosome removes the majority of introns, while the minor spliceosome removes fewer introns. Understanding the dynamic assembly, catalysis, and protein composition of the minor spliceosome is still limited. The recognition and processing of minor introns, which are rare and usually flanked by major introns, are also poorly understood.
WILEY INTERDISCIPLINARY REVIEWS-RNA
(2023)
Review
Plant Sciences
Syed Sarfaraz Hussain, Manzar Abbas, Sammar Abbas, Mingke Wei, Ahmed H. El-Sappah, Yuhan Sun, Yun Li, Arthur J. Ragauskas, Quanzi Li
Summary: Alternative splicing in plants regulates gene expression through differential transcriptional modifications, allowing adaptation to environmental stresses and different growth stages. It causes the retention of introns in messenger RNA, leading to the translation of differentially expressed proteins. Additionally, alternative splicing remodels transcription factors at the post-transcriptional level, activating or repressing transcription.
FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE
(2023)
Article
Agricultural Engineering
Bing He, Xin Han, Hailin Liu, Mengjia Bu, Peng Cui, Li-an Xu
Summary: This study revealed the genome-wide landscape of alternative splicing (AS) patterns in G. biloba, a relict tree species with rich medicinal value. Intron retention was found to be the dominant AS type, and the AS patterns of important secondary metabolites in G. biloba were analyzed. These findings have important implications for studying gene regulation and the synthesis mechanisms of secondary metabolites in woody plants.
INDUSTRIAL CROPS AND PRODUCTS
(2022)
Article
Cell Biology
Despoina Kosmara, Sofia Papanikolaou, Christoforos Nikolaou, George Bertsias
Summary: Substantial evidence shows divergences in immune responses between men and women. Women are more susceptible to autoimmunity, while men suffer from more severe presentation of autoimmune disorders. This study revealed unprecedented variation in sex-dependent splicing events in systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) patients and the healthy state, with potential implications for understanding the molecular basis of sexual dimorphism in autoimmunity.
Review
Genetics & Heredity
Maureen V. Akinyi, Mikko J. Frilander
Summary: This article discusses the two different mechanisms for removing introns in eukaryotic species, the major spliceosome and minor spliceosome, and their interactions in shaping mRNA processing events in genes containing both major and minor introns.
FRONTIERS IN GENETICS
(2021)
Article
Cell Biology
Deepak Kumar, Manoj K. Kashyap, Zhe Yu, Ide Spaanderman, Reymundo Villa, Thomas J. Kipps, James J. La Clair, Michael D. Burkart, Januario E. Castro
Summary: Alterations in RNA splicing are associated with malignancies. This study found that the RNA splicing modulators FD-895 and pladienolide B can induce higher apoptosis levels and inhibit solid tumor growth by modulating the Wnt signaling pathway and mRNA splicing.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Areum Lee, Hyun Ji Park, Seung Hee Jo, Haemyeong Jung, Hyun-Soon Kim, Hyo-Jun Lee, Youn-Sung Kim, Choonkyun Jung, Hye Sun Cho
Summary: Peptidyl-prolyl isomerase-like 1 (PPIL1), represented by Arabidopsis thaliana CYCLOPHILIN 18-2 (AtCYP18-2), plays a crucial role in heat tolerance by regulating pre-mRNA splicing. AtCYP18-2 interacts with spliceosome complex B-ACT components, particularly with small nuclear RNAs U5 and U6, in response to heat stress. Loss-of-function mutation of AtCYP18-2 affects alternative splicing of heat stress-responsive genes, leading to decreased levels of intron-containing transcripts and impairment of thermotolerance.
JOURNAL OF INTEGRATIVE PLANT BIOLOGY
(2023)
Review
Oncology
Anthony J. Murphy, Alex H. Li, Peichao Li, Hong Sun
Summary: Alternative splicing plays a crucial role in diversifying the proteome and has significant implications in cancer development. Recent studies have highlighted the important roles of SR proteins in cancer progression. Understanding the spliceosome and its relationship to cancer has opened up new opportunities for therapeutic interventions based on alternative splicing.
FRONTIERS IN ONCOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Pingwei Gao, Yujie Zhong, Chengfu Sun
Summary: This study identifies spliceosomal components in the protist Euglena gracilis and reveals the sequence-level sensitivity to splicing modulators. The prevalence of SL RNA-mediated trans-splicing is estimated to be high in this species. Furthermore, a comparison of splicing proteomes between E. gracilis and its evolutionary cousins provides insights for further exploration of splicing mechanisms.
ACTA BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA SINICA
(2023)
Review
Genetics & Heredity
Kaitlin N. Girardini, Anouk M. Olthof, Rahul N. Kanadia
Summary: This article focuses on the role of introns in eukaryotic gene expression by using an intron-centric approach. It discusses how intron architecture influences splicing mechanisms and the impact of spliceosomal snRNAs and their variants on intron splicing. Additionally, the article explores how the presence of introns and the need for splicing affect transcription regulation. Despite the abundant presence of introns in the eukaryotic genome and their emerging role in gene expression regulation, there are still many unexplored areas. Therefore, the article refers to introns as the "dark matter" of the eukaryotic genome and discusses some unresolved questions in the field.
FRONTIERS IN GENETICS
(2023)
Article
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
Ni Zhen, Jiabei Zhu, Siwei Mao, Qi Zhang, Song Gu, Ji Ma, Yue Zhang, Minzhi Yin, Haojie Li, Nan Huang, Han Wu, Fenyong Sun, Binwu Ying, Lin Zhou, Qiuhui Pan
Summary: This study reveals aberrant alternative splicing in hepatoblastoma (HB), including the intron retention of long non-coding RNAs from the SNHG family. Furthermore, the interaction between PABPN1 and the splicing machinery in HB is involved in promoting cell proliferation and DNA damage repair via inducing the intron retention of SNHG19. Knockdown of PABPN1 increases the cisplatin sensitivity of HB PDOs.
CELLULAR AND MOLECULAR GASTROENTEROLOGY AND HEPATOLOGY
(2023)
Review
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Maria Reviejo, Meraris Soto, Elisa Lozano, Maitane Asensio, Olga Martinez-Augustin, Fermin Sanchez de Medina, Jose J. G. Marin
Summary: Many tumors exhibit resistance to anticancer drugs, which can be intrinsic or acquired and involve multiple mechanisms. The resistance is based on the dynamic expression of over a hundred genes, forming the so-called "resistome." Splicing variants reduce the efficacy of anticancer drugs by altering molecular targets, enhancing DNA repair ability, and changing the balance between survival and apoptosis signals.
BIOCHEMICAL PHARMACOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Oncology
Courtney E. Hershberger, Devlin C. Moyer, Vera Adema, Cassandra M. Kerr, Wencke Walter, Stephan Hutter, Manja Meggendorfer, Constance Baer, Wolfgang Kern, Niroshan Nadarajah, Sven Twardziok, Mikkael A. Sekeres, Claudia Haferlach, Torsten Haferlach, Jaroslaw P. Maciejewski, Richard A. Padgett
Summary: Myeloid neoplasms exhibit frequent mutations in spliceosome components, resulting in distinct abnormal splicing signatures with little overlap. RNA-Seq analysis on a large cohort identified commonly mis-spliced transcripts and revealed the impact of splicing factor mutations on protein function.Meta-splicing analysis showed reduced levels of retained introns in disease samples, exacerbated in patients with splicing factor mutations, suggesting a common pathway by which alternative splicing may regulate cell proliferation.
Article
Plant Sciences
Takamasa Suzuki, Tomomi Shinagawa, Tomoko Niwa, Hibiki Akeda, Satoki Hashimoto, Hideki Tanaka, Yoko Hiroaki, Fumiya Yamasaki, Hiroyuki Mishima, Tsutae Kawai, Tetsuya Higashiyama, Kenzo Nakamura
Summary: The study identified the specific role of DROL1 in regulating the splicing of minor introns with AT-AC termini in Arabidopsis, which plays a crucial role in plant growth and development. The reduced splicing of AT-AC-type introns in drol1 mutants led to retarded growth of seedlings, possibly affecting important genes involved in stress responses and cell proliferation.