Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Kazuhide Seo, Ichiro Matunari, Toshimasa Yamamoto
Summary: Patients with older-onset Parkinson's disease (PD) have more severe motor symptoms, faster progression, and a worse prognosis due to thinning of the cerebral cortex, which is possibly caused by extended α-synuclein deposition in the cortical regions.
Article
Neurosciences
Gozde Filiz, Daphnee Poupon, Sarah Banks, Pauline Fernandez, Johannes Frasnelli
Summary: Brain plasticity is crucial for experts to acquire necessary abilities. In this study, a longitudinal design was used to investigate the brain plasticity of sommelier students. It was found that the volume of the olfactory bulb increased in sommelier students, while there were no significant changes in cortical thickness and olfactory performance. This is the first longitudinal study to report the effects of training-related brain plasticity on the olfactory bulb volume in olfaction experts.
HUMAN BRAIN MAPPING
(2022)
Article
Clinical Neurology
Nikola Zivanovic, Shane Virani, Alysha A. Rajaram, Catherine Lebel, Keith Owen Yeates, Brian L. Brooks
Summary: The study found that approximately 2.5 years post-injury, there were no differences in cortical volume or thickness in youth with a history of concussion. Faster reaction time on cognitive tests was associated with thinner cortex in specific brain areas. Future research with longitudinal designs and larger samples is needed.
JOURNAL OF CHILD NEUROLOGY
(2021)
Article
Neurosciences
Helena M. Blumen, Emily Schwartz, Gilles Allali, Olivier Beauchet, Michele Callisaya, Takehiko Doi, Hiroyuki Shimada, Velandai Srikanth, Joe Verghese
Summary: Individuals with MCR have lower overall cortical thickness, particularly in regions associated with human locomotion, social, cognitive, affective, and motor functions. Cortical atrophy in MCR is easier to detect in thickness than volume and surface area due to its sensitivity to aging processes.
JOURNAL OF ALZHEIMERS DISEASE
(2021)
Article
Psychiatry
Dakota A. Egglefield, Sophie Schiff, Jeffrey N. Motter, Alice Grinberg, Bret R. Rutherford, Joel R. Sneed
Summary: Statistical analysis did not find any differences in cortical thickness or hippocampal volume between VD and non-VD patients, suggesting that VD may not be associated with other late-life psychiatric illnesses and that vascular disease may not be a common etiological risk factor for depression and dementia. Further research involving larger datasets, prospective longitudinal studies, and cognitively intact controls is needed to address these questions.
FRONTIERS IN PSYCHIATRY
(2021)
Article
Geriatrics & Gerontology
McKenna E. Williams, Jeremy A. Elman, Tyler R. Bell, Anders M. Dale, Lisa T. Eyler, Christine Fennema-Notestine, Carol E. Franz, Nathan A. Gillespie, Donald J. Hagler, Michael J. Lyons, Linda K. McEvoy, Michael C. Neale, Matthew S. Panizzon, Chandra A. Reynolds, Mark Sanderson-Cimino, William S. Kremen
Summary: The study explores the association between cortical thickness/volume and Alzheimer's disease (AD) pathology, indicating that higher thickness may be associated with early AD. The integration of AD brain signatures based on mean diffusivity (MD) helps to interpret the risk factor of cortical thickness/volume for future AD-related changes. The findings suggest a biphasic model where increased cortical thickness precedes decline and emphasize the importance of considering both cortical MD and thickness to identify differential risk subgroups for poorer brain and cognitive outcomes.
NEUROBIOLOGY OF AGING
(2023)
Article
Geriatrics & Gerontology
Jason Steffener
Summary: This study found significant moderating effects of age and years of education on gray matter measures in the brain, with the impact of age on gray matter varying across different brain regions and levels of education. Higher education was associated with maintained gray matter in later ages, but also showed a larger decline in gray matter in late life.
NEUROBIOLOGY OF AGING
(2021)
Article
Neurosciences
Kiran Thapaliya, Sonya Marshall-Gradisnik, Donald Staines, Jiasheng Su, Leighton Barnden
Summary: This study investigates cortical volumetric and thickness changes in Myalgic Encephalomyelitis/Chronic fatigue syndrome (ME/CFS) patients and healthy controls, revealing differences and abnormal correlations with key symptoms in ME/CFS patients.
FRONTIERS IN NEUROSCIENCE
(2022)
Article
Family Studies
Jennifer E. Khoury, Masako Tanaka, Melissa Kimber, Harriet L. MacMillan, Tracie O. Afifi, Michael Boyle, Laura Duncan, Divya Joshi, Katholiki Georgiades, Andrea Gonzalez
Summary: This study found unique associations between specific PCM subtypes and YM subtypes with youth mental health problems. After considering other maltreatment subtypes, the impact of parent emotional abuse on youth internalizing and externalizing problems became nonsignificant. The involvement of multiple informants in youth mental health problems is crucial.
CHILD ABUSE & NEGLECT
(2022)
Article
Psychology, Multidisciplinary
Allegra S. Anderson, Rachel E. Siciliano, Meredith A. Gruhn, Alexandra H. Bettis, Michelle M. Reising, Kelly H. Watson, Jennifer P. Dunbar, Bruce E. Compas
Summary: The study investigated how youth cope with stress during late childhood and early adolescence, and its relationship with anxious/depressed symptoms. The findings showed that girls reported more anxiety and depression symptoms compared to boys, and the use of coping strategies increased with age. Additionally, peer stress exposure was associated with the onset of internalizing symptoms.
CURRENT PSYCHOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Biology
Alberto Sanchez-Bonaste, Luis F. S. Merchante, Carlos Gonzalez-Bravo, Alberto Carnicero
Summary: This article proposes a mechanism that can measure the thickness of the entire bone surface and align and orient all the images to reduce human intervention. With classical morphological and deep learning segmentation, the algorithm is able to measure the cortical thickness accurately. The experimental results show that the algorithm provides thickness values with an average difference of 0.25 millimeters and a standard deviation of 0.2 compared to measurements done by a radiologist.
COMPUTERS IN BIOLOGY AND MEDICINE
(2023)
Article
Psychology, Clinical
Sean R. McWhinney, Christoph Abe, Martin Alda, Francesco Benedetti, Erlend Boen, Caterina del Mar Bonnin, Tiana Borgers, Katharina Brosch, Erick J. Canales-Rodriguez, Dara M. Cannon, Udo Dannlowski, Ana M. Diaz-Zuluaga, Lorielle M. F. Dietze, Torbjorn Elvsashagen, Lisa T. Eyler, Janice M. Fullerton, Jose M. Goikolea, Janik Goltermann, Dominik Grotegerd, Bartholomeus C. M. Haarman, Tim Hahn, Fleur M. Howells, Martin Ingvar, Neda Jahanshad, Tilo T. J. Kircher, Axel Krug, Rayus T. Kuplicki, Mikael Landen, Hannah Lemke, Benny Liberg, Carlos Lopez-Jaramillo, Ulrik F. Malt, Fiona M. Martyn, Elena Mazza, Colm McDonald, Genevieve McPhilemy, Sandra Meier, Susanne Meinert, Tina Meller, Elisa M. T. Melloni, Philip B. Mitchell, Leila Nabulsi, Igor Nenadic, Nils Opel, Roel A. Ophoff, Bronwyn J. Overs, Julia-Katharina Pfarr, Julian A. Pineda-Zapata, Edith Pomarol-Clotet, Joaquim Radua, Jonathan Repple, Maike Richter, Kai G. Ringwald, Gloria Roberts, Alex Ross, Raymond Salvador, Jonathan Savitz, Simon Schmitt, Peter R. Schofield, Kang Sim, Dan J. Stein, Frederike Stein, Henk S. Temmingh, Katharina Thiel, Sophia I. Thomopoulos, Neeltje E. M. van Haren, Cristian Vargas, Eduard Vieta, Annabel Vreeker, Lena Waltemate, Lakshmi N. Yatham, Christopher R. K. Ching, Ole A. Andreassen, Paul M. Thompson, Tomas Hajek
Summary: This study found that body mass index (BMI) and bipolar disorder (BD) have an impact on brain structure, particularly in cortical thickness. Both BMI and BD negatively affect the same brain regions, and BMI has a greater effect on brain alterations in individuals with BD. It is important to assess the neuroanatomical changes in BD caused by BMI and the effects of psychiatric medications on the brain.
PSYCHOLOGICAL MEDICINE
(2023)
Article
Neuroimaging
Yukun Song, Lin Zou, Jing Zhao, Xiangxue Zhou, Yingqian Huang, Haishan Qiu, Haiwei Han, Zhiyun Yang, Xunhua Li, Xiaoying Tang, Jianping Chu
Summary: Wilson's disease is characterized by copper accumulation in the brain, leading to neurological and neuropsychiatric manifestations. This study quantitatively evaluated morphometric brain abnormalities in WD patients and found significant volume decreases in subcortical nuclei, white matter and gray matter regions. These abnormalities were correlated with the clinical severity of WD and may serve as potential biomarkers for the disease.
BRAIN IMAGING AND BEHAVIOR
(2021)
Article
Clinical Neurology
Spencer C. Evans, Madelaine R. Abel, Rachel L. Doyle, Hilary Skov, Sherelle L. Harmon
Summary: Research on youth irritability has been growing, with the Affective Reactivity Index (ARI) being a key instrument. This study extended the literature by examining the psychometric properties of the ARI and the correlates of irritability in a clinically referred sample. Results showed that irritability was associated with externalizing, internalizing, and emotion regulation problems, with particularly strong links to reactive aggression, anger, dysregulation, and coping issues. These associations remained robust even after controlling for demographic variables.
JOURNAL OF AFFECTIVE DISORDERS
(2021)
Article
Clinical Neurology
Luca M. Villa, Lejla Colic, Jihoon A. Kim, Anjali Sankar, Danielle A. Goldman, Brandon Lessing, Brian Pittman, George S. Alexopoulos, Christopher H. van Dyck, Hilary P. Blumberg
Summary: This study found widespread gray matter decreases in older adults with bipolar disorder (BD), and a subset of individuals with later-onset BD also showed cognitive dysfunction. Furthermore, a history of suicide attempts was associated with structural brain differences.
JOURNAL OF AFFECTIVE DISORDERS
(2023)
Article
Psychology, Developmental
Lauren K. White, Ran Barzilay, Tyler M. Moore, Monica E. Calkins, Jason D. Jones, Megan M. Himes, Jami F. Young, Ruben C. Gur, Raquel E. Gur
Summary: Childhood adversity exposes youth to multiple negative outcomes. This study examines how a combination of risk and resilience factors impact mental health outcomes in relation to socioeconomic status (SES) and traumatic stressful events (TSEs). The findings highlight the importance of social support as a unique predictor for psychosis spectrum diagnoses and global functioning, and emotional dysregulation as an important predictor for mood disorders. The study underscores the significance of understanding the impact of childhood adversity on maladaptive outcomes within a resilience framework.
CHILD PSYCHIATRY & HUMAN DEVELOPMENT
(2023)
Article
Neurosciences
Kristin Murtha, Bart Larsen, Adam Pines, Linden Parkes, Tyler M. Moore, Azeez Adebimpe, Aaron Alexander-Bloch, Monica E. Calkins, Diego G. Davila, Martin A. Lindquist, Allyson P. Mackey, David R. Roalf, J. Cobb Scott, Daniel H. Wolf, Ruben C. Gur, Raquel E. Gur, Ran Barzilay, Theodore D. Satterthwaite
Summary: Socioeconomic status (SES) has an impact on cognitive performance, particularly working memory (WM). This study found that both neighborhood SES and parental education were associated with greater activation of the executive system related to WM. Additionally, distinct patterns of brain activity within the executive system were identified, which mediated the relationship between SES and task performance.
Article
Psychology, Clinical
Oscar W. H. Wong, Ran Barzilay, Angela M. W. Lam, Sandra Chan, Monica E. Calkins, Raquel E. Gur, Ruben C. Gur
Summary: Executive function is uniquely associated with the severity of comorbid psychopathology in individuals with autism spectrum disorder (ASD), and could be a potential target for interventions.
PSYCHOLOGICAL MEDICINE
(2023)
Article
Psychiatry
Linda Ruan-Iu, Alannah Shelby Rivers, Ran Barzilay, Tyler M. Moore, Allen Tien, Guy Diamond
Summary: Suicide is a significant and preventable public health issue. This study found that the general factor of psychopathology (p factor) score can better identify and predict individuals at risk for suicide, providing assistance to clinicians in detecting suicidal thoughts and behaviors among adolescents.
ARCHIVES OF SUICIDE RESEARCH
(2023)
Article
Neurosciences
Robert J. Jirsaraie, Tobias Kaufmann, Vishnu Bashyam, Guray Erus, Joan L. Luby, Lars T. Westlye, Christos Davatzikos, Deanna M. Barch, Aristeidis Sotiras
Summary: Machine learning has shown promise in predicting age using neuroimaging data and deriving personalized biomarkers. In this study, the generalizability of two brain age models was evaluated in early-life samples. The models differed in their processing methods and predictive algorithms. The results revealed trade-offs and limitations impacting the generalizability, such as acquisition protocol differences and biased brain age estimates.
HUMAN BRAIN MAPPING
(2023)
Article
Clinical Neurology
Christina S. Dintica, Mohamad Habes, Guray Erus, Tamar Simone, Pamela Schreiner, Kristine Yaffe
Summary: Long-term depressive symptoms in early adulthood are associated with accelerated brain aging and may have implications for brain health in midlife.
JOURNAL OF AFFECTIVE DISORDERS
(2023)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Dominic B. Dwyer, Ganesh B. Chand, Alessandro Pigoni, Adyasha Khuntia, Junhao Wen, Mathilde Antoniades, Gyujoon Hwang, Guray Erus, Jimit Doshi, Dhivya Srinivasan, Erdem Varol, Rene S. Kahn, Hugo G. Schnack, Eva Meisenzahl, Stephen J. Wood, Chuanjun Zhuo, Aristeidis Sotiras, Russell T. Shinohara, Haochang Shou, Yong Fan, Maristela Schaulfelberger, Pedro Rosa, Paris A. Lalousis, Rachel Upthegrove, Antonia N. Kaczkurkin, Tyler M. Moore, Barnaby Nelson, Raquel E. Gur, Ruben C. Gur, Marylyn D. Ritchie, Theodore D. Satterthwaite, Robin M. Murray, Marta Di Forti, Simone Ciufolini, Marcus V. Zanetti, Daniel H. Wolf, Christos Pantelis, Benedicto Crespo-Facorro, Geraldo F. Busatto, Christos Davatzikos, Nikolaos Koutsouleris, Paola Dazzan
Summary: Using machine learning, researchers found that schizophrenia can be decomposed into two volumetric subgroups with distinct neuroanatomical characteristics: a 'lower brain volume' subgroup and a 'higher striatal volume' subgroup. These subgroups were already present at the first episode of psychosis and were associated with different clinical presentations and remission outcomes. The findings suggest that these subgroups may be important in understanding the underlying mechanisms of schizophrenia and could be targeted in future treatment trials.
MOLECULAR PSYCHIATRY
(2023)
Article
Psychiatry
Stefan du Plessis, Ganesh B. Chand, Guray Erus, Lebogang Phahladira, Hilmar K. Luckhoff, Retha Smit, Laila Asmal, Daniel H. Wolf, Christos Davatzikos, Robin Emsley
Summary: This study identified two neuroanatomical signatures derived from machine learning that are associated with the neurodevelopmental and treatment-responsive components of schizophrenia. Signature 1 is associated with widespread grey matter volume reductions, while Signature 2 is associated with larger basal ganglia and internal capsule volumes. Patients had higher expression of Signature 1 compared to controls, while Signature 2 expression significantly increased with treatment.
SCHIZOPHRENIA BULLETIN
(2023)
Article
Psychiatry
Gyujoon Hwang, Junhao Wen, Susan Sotardi, Edward S. Brodkin, Ganesh B. Chand, Dominic B. Dwyer, Guray Erus, Jimit Doshi, Pankhuri Singhal, Dhivya Srinivasan, Erdem Varol, Aristeidis Sotiras, Paola Dazzan, Rene S. S. Kahn, Hugo G. G. Schnack, Marcus V. V. Zanetti, Eva Meisenzahl, Geraldo F. F. Busatto, Benedicto Crespo-Facorro, Christos Pantelis, Stephen J. J. Wood, Chuanjun Zhuo, Russell T. T. Shinohara, Haochang Shou, Yong Fan, Adriana Di Martino, Nikolaos Koutsouleris, Raquel E. E. Gur, Ruben C. C. Gur, Theodore D. D. Satterthwaite, Daniel H. H. Wolf, Christos Davatzikos
Summary: This study used novel semisupervised machine learning methods to assess distinct neuroanatomical dimensions of autism spectrum disorder (ASD) and tested whether these dimensions can serve as endophenotypes in non-ASD populations. The findings revealed that the neuroanatomical dimensions of ASD have clinical and genetic characteristics and are also prominent in non-ASD populations. This discovery aids in precision diagnostics and treatment for ASD.
Article
Geriatrics & Gerontology
Qu Tian, Brendan A. Mitchell, Guray Erus, Christos Davatzikos, Ruin Moaddel, Susan M. Resnick, Luigi Ferrucci
Summary: Lipids are important for brain structure and function, and studies show that men experience greater brain atrophy than women with aging. This study investigated the sex-specific associations between circulating lipids and brain atrophy in a sample of cognitively normal older adults. Results revealed sex differences in the associations between specific lipid profiles and accelerated brain aging. The findings suggest the need for further investigation into the mechanisms underlying these sex-specific lipid profiles.
NEUROBIOLOGY OF AGING
(2023)
Article
Psychology, Biological
Ariana M. Chao, Yingjie Zhou, Guray Erus, Christos Davatzikos, Michelle I. Cardel, Gary D. Foster, Thomas A. Wadden
Summary: This study aimed to evaluate the effects of behavioral weight loss (BWL) compared to wait list control (WLC) on hippocampal volume and neurocognition. The results showed that the BWL group lost more weight than the WLC group, but there were no significant differences in changes in hippocampal volume or neurocognition between the two groups. Baseline hippocampal volume and neurocognition were not associated with weight loss.
PHYSIOLOGY & BEHAVIOR
(2023)
Article
Psychiatry
Mauricio Serpa, Jimit Doshi, Helena P. G. Joaquim, Erica L. M. Vieira, Guray Erus, Tiffany M. Chaim-Avancini, Mikael Cavallet, Luiza Guilherme Guglielmi, Paulo C. Sallet, Leda Talib, Antonio L. Teixeira, Martinus T. van de Bilt, Philip McGuire, Wagner F. Gattaz, Christos Davatzikos, Geraldo F. Busatto, Marcus Zanetti
Summary: This study investigated the potential association between peripheral cytokine levels and white matter microstructure in the acute phase of first-episode psychosis. The results showed that patients with psychosis had abnormalities in white matter microstructure, and IL-6 levels were negatively correlated with white matter microstructure. Longitudinal observations revealed that white matter microstructure improved during treatment, and this improvement was associated with a reduction in IL-6 levels.
SCHIZOPHRENIA RESEARCH
(2023)
Meeting Abstract
Neurosciences
Monica Truelove-Hill, Susan Sotardi, Guray Erus, Christos Davatzikos
BIOLOGICAL PSYCHIATRY
(2023)
Article
Clinical Neurology
C. Shah, D. Srinivasan, G. Erus, M. Kurella Tamura, M. Habes, J. A. Detre, W. E. Haley, A. J. Lerner, C. B. Wright, J. T. Wright Jr, S. Oparil, S. B. Kritchevsky, H. A. Punzi, A. Rastogi, R. Malhotra, C. H. Still, J. D. Williamson, R. N. Bryan, Y. Fan, I. M. Nasrallah
Summary: The study demonstrates that intensive treatment for hypertension can slow the progression of cerebral white matter hyperintensities and is associated with changes in functional brain connectivity. Specifically, the auditory-salience-language network showed a significant decline in connectivity score in the standard treatment group compared to the intensive treatment group. Additionally, changes in the mean connectivity score of the default mode network correlated significantly with changes in white matter hyperintensities.
AMERICAN JOURNAL OF NEURORADIOLOGY
(2023)
Review
Neurosciences
Maya Jammoul, Dareen Jammoul, Kevin K. Wang, Firas Kobeissy, Ralph G. Depalma
Summary: This article reviews the possible mechanisms by which traumatic brain injury (TBI) may stimulate the development of opioid use disorder (OUD) and discusses the interaction between these two processes. CNS damage due to TBI appears to drive adverse effects of subsequent OUD, with pain being a risk factor for opioid use after TBI.
BIOLOGICAL PSYCHIATRY
(2024)
Article
Neurosciences
Danusa Mar Arcego, Jan-Paul Buschdorf, Nicholas O'Toole, Zihan Wang, Barbara Barth, Irina Pokhvisneva, Nirmala Arul Rayan, Sachin Patel, Euclides Jose de Mendonca Filho, Patrick Lee, Jennifer Tan, Ming Xuan Koh, Chu Ming Sim, Carine Parent, Randriely Merscher Sobreira de Lima, Andrew Clappison, Kieran J. O'Donnell, Carla Dalmaz, Janine Arloth, Nadine Provencal, Elisabeth B. Binder, Josie Diorio, Patricia Pelufo Silveira, Michael J. Meaney
Summary: This study investigates the impact of environmental influences on mental health by integrating transcriptomic data from animal models with human data. The results suggest that hippocampal glucocorticoid-related transcriptional activity mediates the effects of early adversity on neural mechanisms implicated in psychiatric disorders.
BIOLOGICAL PSYCHIATRY
(2024)
Article
Neurosciences
Milenna T. van Dijk, Ardesheer Talati, Pratik Kashyap, Karan Desai, Nora C. Kelsall, Marc J. Gameroff, Natalie Aw, Eyal Abraham, Breda Cullen, Jiook Cha, Christoph Anacker, Myrna M. Weissman, Jonathan Posner
Summary: This study found that maternal stress is associated with future depressive symptoms and alterations in microstructure of the dentate gyrus (DG) in offspring. These results were consistent across two independent cohorts.
BIOLOGICAL PSYCHIATRY
(2024)
Article
Neurosciences
Josephine C. McGowan, Liliana R. Ladner, Claire X. Shubeck, Juliana Tapia, Christina T. LaGamma, Amanda Anqueira-Gonzalez, Ariana DeFrancesco, Briana K. Chen, Holly C. Hunsberger, Ezra J. Sydnor, Ryan W. Logan, Tzong-Shiue Yu, Steven G. Kernie, Christine A. Denny
Summary: Traumatic brain injury (TBI) leads to fear generalization by altering fear memory traces, and this symptom can be improved with (R,S)-ketamine.
BIOLOGICAL PSYCHIATRY
(2024)