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Is there a role for sildenafil in the management of paraquat-induced lung fibrosis?

ARHIV ZA HIGIJENU RADA I TOKSIKOLOGIJU-ARCHIVES OF INDUSTRIAL HYGIENE AND TOXICOLOGY (2016)

Journal

ARHIV ZA HIGIJENU RADA I TOKSIKOLOGIJU-ARCHIVES OF INDUSTRIAL HYGIENE AND TOXICOLOGY

Volume 67, Issue 2, Pages 167-168

Publisher

INST MEDICAL RESEARCH & OCCUPATIONAL HEALTH

DOI: 10.1515/aiht-2016-67-2804

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Role of Lung P450 Oxidoreductase in Paraquat-Induced Collagen Deposition in the Lung

Nataliia Kovalchuk, Joseph L. Jilek, Laura S. Van Winkle, Nathan J. Cherrington, Xinxin Ding

Summary: The study used a lung-Cpr-null mouse model to investigate the role of lung POR in PQ-induced pulmonary fibrosis, finding that CPR plays a critical role in this process.

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Study of paraquat-induced pulmonary fibrosis using biomimetic micro-lung chips

Jingjing Xia, Zhuo Xiong, Jiaxuan Guo, Yongan Wang, Yuan Luo, Yangyang Sun, Zhongwei Guo, Bingchuan Lu, Ting Zhang, Wei Sun

Summary: Researchers designed a biomimetic multichannel micro-lung chip to mimic the interface between lung epithelium and interstitium for studying pulmonary fibrosis induced by PQ poisoning. The chip-based model showed decreased cell viability and significant changes in fibrosis-related proteins. Co-culturing A549 and MRC-5 cells in the chip induced severe epithelial-mesenchymal transition compared to the non-contact model. This novel co-culture micro-lung chip provides a new approach for studying lung fibrosis and drug development.

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Article Surgery

Intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma: Is there a role for liver transplantation?

Preston Kim, Michael Littau, Talia B. Baker, Zaid Abdelsattar, Celsa Tonelli, Corinne Bunn, Sujay Kulshrestha, Fred A. Luchette, Marshall S. Baker

Summary: This study found that patients undergoing liver transplantation for intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma demonstrate overall survival profiles similar to those undergoing surgical resection, and significantly better than patients treated with systemic therapy alone. Liver transplantation is an effective treatment modality in select patients presenting with localized intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma.

SURGERY (2022)

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Article Biochemistry & Molecular Biology

Pectin/chitosan/tripolyphosphate encapsulation protects the rat lung from fibrosis and apoptosis induced by paraquat inhalation

Marzieh Rashidipour, Bahram Rasoulian, Afshin Maleki, Behroz Davari, Naser Pajouhi, Ebrahim Mohammadi

Summary: In this study, it was found that encapsulation of paraquat in PEC/CS/TPP nanoparticles significantly reduced lung injury and fibrosis in a rat model of inhalation toxicity. Nanoencapsulation also led to lower apoptosis, oxidative stress, and alpha-SMA expression in lung tissue.

PESTICIDE BIOCHEMISTRY AND PHYSIOLOGY (2021)

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Review Toxicology

The herbicide paraquat-induced molecular mechanisms in the development of acute lung injury and lung fibrosis

Rajasekaran Subbiah, Rajnarayan R. Tiwari

Summary: This review summarizes the latest publications related to paraquat-induced lung toxicity and the underlying molecular mechanisms. Paraquat poisoning mainly causes acute lung injury/acute respiratory distress syndrome, followed by pulmonary fibrosis.

CRITICAL REVIEWS IN TOXICOLOGY (2021)

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Review Pharmacology & Pharmacy

Is there a role for specialized pro-resolving mediators in pulmonary fibrosis?

Thomas H. Thatcher, Margaret A. T. Freeberg, Yu Par Aung Myo, Patricia J. Sime

Summary: Pulmonary fibrotic diseases are characterized by excessive deposition of extracellular matrix proteins due to the proliferation of lung fibroblasts and myofibroblasts. Recent research has shown that specialized pro-resolving mediators (SPMs) can inhibit fibroblast proliferation, myofibroblast differentiation, and the accumulation of excess extracellular matrix. While there are limited reports on SPMs and fibrosis, especially pulmonary fibrosis, their therapeutic implications in fibrosis are promising.

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Article Pharmacology & Pharmacy

The effects of carbon monoxide releasing molecules on paraquat-induced pulmonary interstitial inflammation and fibrosis

Kuo-Ching Huang, Jui-Chen Li, Shu-Mei Wang, Chia-Hui Cheng, Chun-Hsiang Yeh, Li-Syun Lin, Hsin-Yi Chiu, Chia-Yu Chang, Jiunn-Jye Chuu

Summary: The study found that CO-releasing molecules can reduce ROS generation and inflammation induced by Paraquat, thus decreasing the progression of lung fibrosis. CORM-3 and CORM-A1 have different effects on combating pulmonary fibrosis at different concentrations, suggesting a potential therapeutic approach for treating Paraquat toxicity.

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Diagnosis of Fibrotic Hypersensitivity Pneumonitis: Is There a Role for Biomarkers?

Joao O. Pereira, Vania Fernandes, Tiago M. Alfaro, Sara Freitas, Carlos Robalo Cordeiro

Summary: Hypersensitivity pneumonitis is a complex lung syndrome characterized by sensitization to a specific antigen. The early identification of the antigen is important for improved outcomes, but there is a lack of consensus on diagnostic biomarkers. Current evidence gaps include lack of validation, small sampling, and overlapping mechanisms of inflammation and fibrogenesis.

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Article Cell Biology

Modeling paraquat-induced lung fibrosis in C. elegans reveals KRIT1 as a key regulator of collagen gene transcription

Gongping Deng, Le Li, Yanhong Ouyang

Summary: Paraquat poisoning leads to lung fibrosis by regulating collagen gene transcription, with key roles played by KRI1 and Nrf2 in the process.

AGING-US (2021)

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Article Biochemistry & Molecular Biology

2-Methoxyestradiol ameliorates paraquat-induced pulmonary fibrosis by inhibiting the TGF-β1/Smad2/3 signaling pathway

Linlin Hou, Fang Yang, Yan Zhang, Yi Li, Hongyi Yan, Cuicui Meng, Yuqi Du, Huanzhou Zhu, Ding Yuan, Yanxia Gao

Summary: This study investigates the potential effects and mechanism of 2-methoxyestradiol (2ME) on PQ-induced pulmonary fibrosis. The results suggest that 2ME can ameliorate PQ-induced pulmonary fibrosis and inhibit the activation of the TGF-β/Smad2/3 signaling pathway.

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Article Biochemistry & Molecular Biology

Lung fibrosis is induced in ADAR2 overexpressing mice via HuR-induced CTGF signaling

Ramani Soundararajan, Sai Manasa Varanasi, Sahebgowda Sidramagowda Patil, Sriraja Srinivas, Helena Hernandez-Cuervo, Alexander Czachor, Adeeb Bulkhi, Jutaro Fukumoto, Lakshmi Galam, Richard F. Lockey, Narasaiah Kolliputi

Summary: The study reveals the important role of ADAR2 in the lungs, with overexpression leading to spontaneous lung fibrosis via HuR-mediated CTGF signaling pathway. The findings contribute to a better understanding of the function of ADAR2 in the lungs and provide potential therapeutic strategies for lung fibrosis.

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What Do We Know about the Microbiome in Cystic Fibrosis? Is There a Role for Probiotics and Prebiotics?

Josie M. van Dorst, Rachel Y. Tam, Chee Y. Ooi

Summary: Cystic fibrosis is a genetic disorder that affects the CFTR protein, causing gastrointestinal issues and dysbiosis. Probiotics and prebiotics may improve inflammation and reduce pulmonary exacerbations, but the quality of data is low. Dietary fiber and prebiotic supplements show potential for beneficially modulating the microbiome in gastrointestinal conditions, but limited evidence is available for their safety and efficacy in CF.

NUTRIENTS (2022)

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Article Cell Biology

Cannabinoid Analogue WIN 55212-2 Protects Paraquat-Induced Lung Injury and Enhances Macrophage M2 Polarization

Quan He, Wen Zhang, Jinjuan Zhang, Yuanyou Deng

Summary: This study investigated the protective effects of WIN 55212-2 on paraquat-induced lung injury in mice. The results showed that WIN 55212-2 reduced the mortality of mice and decreased the number of inflammation-associated cells and pro-inflammatory factors in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid. Additionally, WIN 55212-2 increased the population of M2 cells, improved lung histology, and reduced fibrosis formation.

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Review Oncology

Inflammatory Breast Cancer: Is There a Role for Deescalation of Surgery?

Faina Nakhlis

Summary: Inflammatory breast cancer (IBC) is a rare and aggressive type of breast cancer. Trimodality therapy is the current standard treatment for IBC, but there is limited data on reducing lymph node surgery and preserving the breast. The safest oncologic approach for breast reconstruction in IBC would be delayed reconstruction.

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Is There a Role for Surgical Resection of Grade 3 Neuroendocrine Neoplasms?

Luis C. Borbon, Catherine G. Tran, Scott K. Sherman, Po Hien Ear, Chandrikha Chandrasekharan, Andrew M. Bellizzi, Joseph S. Dillon, Thomas M. O'Dorisio, James R. Howe

Summary: This study evaluated outcomes of surgically treated Grade 3 gastroenteropancreatic neuroendocrine neoplasm (G3 GEP-NEN) patients, finding a significantly lower overall survival rate in resected G3 NEN patients compared to those with Grade 1/2 tumors. Surgical resection of G3 GEP-NENs remains controversial, but for carefully selected patients, especially those with well-differentiated tumors, surgery may be a consideration.

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Letter Public, Environmental & Occupational Health