Article
Clinical Neurology
Mengqing Xia, Yingchan Wang, Wenjun Su, Yingying Tang, Tianhong Zhang, Huiru Cui, Yanyan Wei, Xiaochen Tang, Lihua Xu, Hao Hu, Qian Guo, Zhenying Qian, Xuming Wu, Chunbo Li, Jijun Wang
Summary: This study explores the interaction between age and antipsychotic-induced volumetric changes in the hippocampus and amygdala of first-episode schizophrenia patients undergoing medication treatment. It was found that older patients had smaller baseline hippocampal volumes compared to healthy controls. Additionally, younger patients exhibited greater hippocampal volumetric decreases following treatment.
PROGRESS IN NEURO-PSYCHOPHARMACOLOGY & BIOLOGICAL PSYCHIATRY
(2023)
Article
Psychiatry
Synthia Guimond, Feng Gu, Holly Shannon, Sinead Kelly, Luke Mike, Gabriel A. Devenyi, M. Mallar Chakravarty, John A. Sweeney, Godfrey Pearlson, Brett A. Clementz, Carol Tamminga, Matcheri Keshavan
Summary: This study aimed to validate the Biotype model by assessing differences in amygdala and hippocampal volume and shape between traditional clinical diagnoses and Biotype classification. The results showed that Biotype-1 exhibited the most significant reductions in amygdala-hippocampal volume and widespread shape abnormalities, providing stronger neuroanatomical differences compared to conventional DSM diagnoses. Grouping individuals by Biotype demonstrated greater discrimination between groups, suggesting a promising approach for characterizing biological heterogeneity across the psychosis spectrum.
SCHIZOPHRENIA BULLETIN
(2021)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Juan Rivas, Santiago Gutierrez-Gomez, Juliana Villanueva-Congote, Jose Libreros, Joan Albert Camprodon, Maria Trujillo
Summary: This study investigates the differences in brain structure between older patients with schizophrenia and dementia, and finds a correlation between cognitive performance and brain volumes. The results show that cognitive performance is worse in older schizophrenia patients compared to healthy controls, and even worse in those with dementia. Additionally, structural differences in the hippocampus, amygdala, and thalamus may be associated with the development of dementia in schizophrenic patients.
Article
Neurosciences
Brunno Rocha Levone, John F. Cryan, Olivia F. O'Leary
Summary: Studies have shown that different sub-regions of the hippocampus play distinct roles in stress responses, with the intermediate hippocampus playing a predominant role in stress-induced social avoidance, and the ventral sub-region having a predominant role in active coping behaviors and antidepressant-like behavior.
Article
Psychiatry
Xinrui Wang, Zhiyang Yin, Qikun Sun, Xiaowei Jiang, Li Chao, Xu Dai, Yanqing Tang
Summary: The study revealed abnormalities in the cortical-limbic system functional connectivity among patients with first-episode schizophrenia and high risk populations, compared to healthy controls. Specifically, there were distinct patterns of impairment in the amygdala and hippocampal neural circuits in the schizophrenic cortical-limbic system. Additionally, the connectivity between the hippocampus and medial frontal gyrus in schizophrenia patients showed a significant correlation with depression symptoms.
FRONTIERS IN PSYCHIATRY
(2021)
Article
Clinical Neurology
Yi Yin, Jinghui Tong, Junchao Huang, Leilei Wang, Baopeng Tian, Song Chen, Shuping Tan, Zhiren Wang, Ting Yu, Yanli Li, Yongsheng Tong, Fengmei Fan, Peter Kochunov, L. Elliot Hong, Yunlong Tan
Summary: This cross-sectional imaging study aimed to explore the association between history of suicide attempts and subcortical changes in individuals with schizophrenia. It found that individuals with schizophrenia and a history of suicide attempts had smaller volumes of the hippocampus, amygdala, and some nuclei of the amygdala compared to those without a history of suicide attempts.
EUROPEAN ARCHIVES OF PSYCHIATRY AND CLINICAL NEUROSCIENCE
(2023)
Article
Neurosciences
Bradley S. Peterson, Tejal Kaur, Siddhant Sawardekar, Tiziano Colibazzi, Xuejun Hao, Bruce E. Wexler, Ravi Bansal
Summary: The study found differences in the morphology of the hippocampus and amygdala in patients with schizophrenia, particularly in those with cognitive impairments. This strengthens the evidence for the central role of these limbic regions and working memory deficits in the pathogenesis of schizophrenia.
FRONTIERS IN CELLULAR NEUROSCIENCE
(2023)
Article
Behavioral Sciences
Marise B. Parent, Hildebrando Candido Ferreira-Neto, Ana Rafaela Kruemmel, Ferdinand Althammer, Atit A. Patel, Sreinick Keo, Kathryn E. Whitley, Daniel N. Cox, Javier E. Stern
Summary: The study found that rats with severely reduced ejection fraction replicated the behavioral symptoms seen in patients with chronic heart failure, including increased anxiety and impaired memory. Heart failure led to downregulation of synaptic plasticity genes in the brain, particularly in the prefrontal cortex and hypothalamic paraventricular nucleus.
BEHAVIOURAL BRAIN RESEARCH
(2021)
Article
Neurosciences
Brunno Rocha Levone, Gerard M. Moloney, John F. Cryan, Olivia F. O'Leary
Summary: The study found that the ventral hippocampus plays a key role in anxiety-like behavior and its modulation by fluoxetine, while the intermediate and ventral hippocampus play distinct roles in fluoxetine-induced antidepressant-like behaviors.
NEUROBIOLOGY OF STRESS
(2021)
Article
Clinical Neurology
Maria S. Garcia-Gutierrez, Daniela Navarro, Abraham B. Torregrosa, Adrian Viudez-Martinez, Salvador Giner, Jorge Manzanares
Summary: This study investigated the gene expression changes of mGluR5 and its associated proteins in the brains of suicide decedents and controls. The results revealed significant differences in gene expression levels between the two groups, providing insights into the biological basis of suicide and potential biomarkers for suicide prevention.
JOURNAL OF AFFECTIVE DISORDERS
(2023)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Abby Basya Finkelstein, Heloise Leblanc, Rebecca H. Cole, Troy Gallerani, Anahita Vieira, Yosif Zaki, Steve Ramirez
Summary: This study found that stressful social experiences enhance the recall of previous fear memories in male mice, whereas social buffering of distress from conspecifics blocks this enhancement. The reactivation of cells in the dentate gyrus during the social experiences was shown to be functional components of engrams, and stimulation of these cells can drive fear-related behaviors.
PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA
(2022)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Naveen Nagarajan, Mario R. Capecchi
Summary: The disruption of the Hoxb8 gene or ablation of the Hoxb8 microglial subpopulation leads to chronic anxiety and trichotillomania in mice. Optogenetic stimulation of Hoxb8 microglia in specific brain regions induces elevated anxiety, grooming, or both, suggesting their role as first responders to these behaviors. These experiments also reveal a contrasting function between Hoxb8 microglia and non-Hox8 microglia.
MOLECULAR PSYCHIATRY
(2023)
Article
Neurosciences
Akila Weerasekera, Adrian Ion-Margineanu, Garry Nolan, Maria Mody
Summary: Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) and schizophrenia (SZ) are neuropsychiatric disorders that have similar symptoms associated with social-cognitive impairment. This study compared subcortical volumes between adults with ASD, SZ, and neurotypicals (NT) and found overlapping abnormalities in subcortical structures between ASD and SZ. There were volume differences specific to ASD and SZ, such as in the left pallidum and left thalamus in ASD and in the right amygdala in SZ. The study also observed correlations between subcortical volumes and behavioral measures in the NT group, but not in the disorder groups.
Article
Psychiatry
Julia M. Sheffield, Anna S. Huang, Baxter P. Rogers, Jennifer Urbano Blackford, Stephan Heckers, Neil D. Woodward
Summary: Smaller insula volume is consistently reported in psychosis-spectrum disorders, following an anterior-posterior gradient across granular sub-regions. Morphological abnormalities, specifically lower gyrification, are limited to schizophrenia and associated with cognitive ability. Insula volume and thickness are associated with cognition and positive and negative symptoms of psychosis.
TRANSLATIONAL PSYCHIATRY
(2021)
Article
Neurosciences
Xingxian Huang, Yuanyuan Zhuo, Xinru Wang, Jinping Xu, Zhuoxin Yang, Yumei Zhou, Hanqing Lv, Xiaoming Ma, Bin Yan, Hong Zhao, Haibo Yu
Summary: This study aimed to analyze the changes in structure and function in amygdala sub-regions in patients with postpartum depression (PPD) before and after acupuncture. The results showed that acupuncture treatment can improve depressive symptoms in PPD patients, and functional connections in brain areas linked to processing negative emotions were also altered.
FRONTIERS IN HUMAN NEUROSCIENCE
(2023)