Journal
CELLS
Volume 8, Issue 7, Pages -Publisher
MDPI
DOI: 10.3390/cells8070702
Keywords
Glioblastoma multiforme (GBM); patient-derived xenografts (PDX); NanoString; microtumors; spheroids; heterogeneity; drug screening
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Funding
- Science Applications International Corporation (SAIC) [S08-221ST TO4]
- National Cancer Institute (NCI): UAB Brain Specialized Programs of Research Excellence (SPORE) [P50 CA097247, P20 CA151129-02]
- National Institutes of Health (NIH) [U01 CA223976-01A1, 1R21CA185712]
- Small Business Innovation Research (SBIR) [N44CM47014-11]
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Accurate patient-derived models of cancer are needed for profiling the disease and for testing therapeutics. These models must not only be accurate, but also suitable for high-throughput screening and analysis. Here we compare two derivative cancer models, microtumors and spheroids, to the gold standard model of patient-derived orthotopic xenografts (PDX) in glioblastoma multiforme (GBM). To compare these models, we constructed a custom NanoString panel of 350 genes relevant to GBM biology. This custom assay includes 16 GBM-specific gene signatures including a novel GBM subtyping signature. We profiled 11 GBM-PDX with matched orthotopic cells, derived microtumors, and derived spheroids using the custom NanoString assay. In parallel, these derivative models underwent drug sensitivity screening. We found that expression of certain genes were dependent on the cancer model while others were model-independent. These model-independent genes can be used in profiling tumor-specific biology and in gauging therapeutic response. It remains to be seen whether or not cancer model-specific genes may be directly or indirectly, through changes to tumor microenvironment, manipulated to improve the concordance of in vitro derivative models with in vivo models yielding better prediction of therapeutic response.
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