Acellular Small-Diameter Tissue-Engineered Vascular Grafts

Tissue-engineered vascular grafts (TEVGs) are considered one of the most effective means of fabricating vascular grafts. However, for small-diameter TEVGs, there are ongoing issues regarding long-term patency and limitations related to long-term in vitro culture and immune reactions. The use of acellular TEVG is a more convincing method, which can achieve in situ blood vessel regeneration and better meet clinical needs. This review focuses on the current state of acellular TEVGs based on scaffolds and gives a summary of the methodologies and in vitro/in vivo test results related to acellular TEVGs obtained in recent years. Various strategies for improving the properties of acellular TEVGs are also discussed.