Article
Immunology
Ying Luo, Cui Wang, Zhaoxiang Du, Chuan Wang, Yimou Wu, Aihua Lei
Summary: This study found that the number of polymorphonuclear neutrophils (PMN) increased significantly after Chlamydia psittaci infection, accompanied by the expression of inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) and production of nitric oxide (NO) in the lungs of mice. PMN were the main source of NO during pulmonary infection and inhibited the replication of C. psittaci in an iNOS/NO-dependent manner. Therefore, this study highlights the protective role of NO-producing PMN in C. psittaci infection.
JOURNAL OF INFECTIOUS DISEASES
(2023)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Robert J. Webber, Richard M. Sweet, Douglas S. Webber
Summary: The study found that anti-MV-A iNOS monoclonal antibodies can mitigate the harmful effects of MV-A iNOS and increase the survival rate of mice challenged with sepsis. The efficacy of the treatment is both time- and dose-dependent. Humanized anti-MV-A iNOS mAbs could potentially save tens of thousands of lives annually and improve antibiotic stewardship.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2021)
Article
Microbiology
Ophelie Rutschmann, Chiara Toniolo, John D. McKinney
Summary: In this report, we demonstrated that fluctuations in the expression of antimicrobial genes can define how single host cells control bacterial infections. We showed that preexisting cell-to-cell variation in the expression of a single gene, that for inducible nitric oxide synthase, is sufficient to explain why some macrophages kill intracellular M. tuberculosis while others fail to control bacterial replication, possibly leading to disease progression. We introduced the concept that chance encounters between heterogeneous bacteria and host cells can determine the outcome of a host-pathogen interaction. This concept is particularly relevant for all the infectious diseases in which the number of interacting pathogens and host cells is small at some point during the infection.
Article
Biology
Isabella Horton, Conor J. Kelly, Adam Dziulko, David M. Simpson, Edward B. Chuong
Summary: This study reveals the significance of B2 elements as inducible enhancer elements in mouse immunity, contributing to the evolutionary diversification of innate immune regulatory networks.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Amelia Barilli, Giulia Recchia Luciani, Rossana Visigalli, Roberto Sala, Maurizio Soli, Valeria Dall'Asta, Bianca Maria Rotoli
Summary: This study explores the mechanisms underlying the modulation of iNOS expression in human alveolar cells. The researchers found that cytokines secreted by SARS-CoV-2 spike S1-activated macrophages markedly induce iNOS expression, which can be suppressed by the drug baricitinib. These findings are important for understanding the inflammatory response mechanisms in COVID-19 and identifying potential therapeutic drugs.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Kefa Li, Tingting You, Panqi Zhao, Yanhong Luo, Danting Zhang, Huan Wei, Yuhui Wang, Jinjin Yang, Xueyan Guan, Zhihe Kuang
Summary: This study elucidates the structural basis of the interaction between SPSB2 and iNOS, and demonstrates that SPSB2 inhibitors can enhance NO production in macrophages. These findings provide valuable insights for the development of potent SPSB2 inhibitors and ligands for PROTAC design.
NITRIC OXIDE-BIOLOGY AND CHEMISTRY
(2021)
Article
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Shang Xian Bo, Wang Yan Jie, Cai De Chao, Ma Sai, Wang Zhe, Zhu Ya Kun, Guo Hui Hui, Wang Chen, Ma Xiao, Hu Zhong Yao, Yu Hao Ran, Zhang Ji Sen, Cheng Wen Dan
Summary: The study demonstrated that compound 22o effectively inhibited the inflammatory response and catabolism of chondrocytes, reducing articular cartilage injury in a rat OA model induced by ACLT. The compound showed potential as a disease-modifying OA drug.
FRONTIERS IN PHARMACOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Indy Bui, Stavroula Baritaki, Massimo Libra, Apostolos Zaravinos, Benjamin Bonavida
Summary: Therapeutic strategies for cancer treatment have made significant progress, but not all cancer types respond to these novel therapies, and resistance mechanisms play a major role in this failure. Overexpression of inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) has been found in many cancer types, and it is suggested that iNOS/nitric oxide (NO) plays a role in resistance regulation. iNOS/NO regulates the expression of anti-apoptotic gene products through various mechanisms. Targeting iNOS may be a promising approach to reverse resistance.
ANTIOXIDANTS & REDOX SIGNALING
(2023)
Article
Immunology
Mariana Brandi Mendonca Pinheiro, Stephane Vicente Rozini, Anna Cecillia Quirino-Teixeira, Giselle Barbosa-Lima, Juliana F. Lopes, Carolina Q. Sacramento, Fernando A. Bozza, Patricia T. Bozza, Eugenio D. Hottz
Summary: This study found that platelets from dengue patients express iNOS and produce higher levels of NO, which is associated with warning signs, hypoalbuminemia, and hemorrhagic manifestations. The researchers discovered that circulating inflammatory mediators, specifically IL-1 beta, can induce iNOS expression and NO synthesis in platelets. Additionally, platelet infection with DENV led to iNOS expression and NO production, and treatment with IL-1 receptor antagonist or anti-IL-1 antibodies prevented this.
FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY
(2022)
Review
Chemistry, Medicinal
Achini K. Vidanapathirana, Peter J. Psaltis, Christina A. Bursill, Andrew D. Abell, Stephen J. Nicholls
Summary: Nitric oxide (NO) is a vital cellular signaling molecule in maintaining cardiovascular function by regulating vascular tone and blood flow. Accurate, real-time bioimaging of NO is crucial for clinical applications within the cardiovascular system, but faces challenges due to the wide physiological range of NO and limitations of current imaging methods. Development of biocompatible nanoscale sensors holds promise for bioimaging NO in cardiovascular pathologies.
MEDICINAL RESEARCH REVIEWS
(2021)
Article
Cell Biology
Akbar Pasha, Divya Vishambhar Kumbhakar, Ravinder Doneti, Kiran Kumar, Gangappa Dharmapuri, Pavan Kumar Poleboyina, S. K. Heena, Preethi Basavaraju, Deepthi Pasumarthi, S. D. Annapurna, Pavani Soujanya, I. Arnold Emeson, Vijayalaxmi Bodiga, Smita C. Pawar
Summary: This study aimed to investigate the expression of inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) in cervical cancer and identified a potential iNOS inhibitor. The research found that elevated iNOS levels were associated with poor survival and increased tumor aggressiveness in cervical cancer, and andrographolide may exert anti-cancer effects by inhibiting iNOS expression.
OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY
(2021)
Article
Medicine, Research & Experimental
George J. Dugbartey
Summary: Kidney transplantation is the preferred treatment for patients with kidney failure. However, ischemia-reperfusion injury (IRI) poses a significant challenge to the long-term success of this intervention. Nitric oxide (NO) has emerged as a potential candidate for mitigating IRI and preventing graft rejection in kidney transplantation. This review provides an overview of the sources and protective effects of endogenous and exogenous NO in kidney transplantation.
BIOMEDICINE & PHARMACOTHERAPY
(2023)
Article
Plant Sciences
Zhi-Hu Lin, Jinsong Hu, Huagang Shi, Chia-Ching Liaw, Wei-Lun Qiu, Wei-Hung Hsu, Tung-Yi Lin
Summary: The study demonstrated that water extract of medical ink (WEMI) had no cytotoxic effect on murine macrophage Raw264.7 cells and slightly rescued LPS-suppressed cell viability. WEMI did not induce NO production or IL-6 secretion, but significantly induced secretion of TNF-alpha. Additionally, WEMI effectively reduced LPS-induced NO production.
JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Joshua A. A. Nord, Sarah L. L. Wynia-Smith, Alyssa L. L. Gehant, Rachel A. Jones A. Lipinski, Aaron Naatz, Inmaculada Rioja, Rab K. K. Prinjha, John A. A. Corbett, Brian C. C. Smith
Summary: Chronic inflammation of pancreatic islets is a key factor in the development of autoimmune diabetes. Recent studies have shown that inhibition of BET proteins can prevent and delay the progression of diabetes. This study investigated the effect of BET bromodomain inhibitors on the response of beta-cells to proinflammatory cytokines and found that they can reduce transcription of inflammatory genes and production of inflammatory mediators, thus reducing inflammation and beta-cell dysfunction.
FRONTIERS IN ENDOCRINOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Medicine, Research & Experimental
Mona F. Mahmoud, Asmaa M. Elmaghraby, Noura Ali, Islam Mostafa, Assem M. El-Shazly, Mohamed A. O. Abdelfattah, Mansour Sobeh
Summary: Black pepper oil mitigates glycemic parameters, dyslipidemia, oxidative and nitrosative stress, and pancreatic fibrosis in dexamethasone-treated rats.
BIOMEDICINE & PHARMACOTHERAPY
(2022)
Article
Clinical Neurology
Daniel Vereb, Eszter Toth, Bence Bozsik, Andras Kiraly, Nikoletta Szabo, Mint Kincses, Krisztian Kocsis, Peter Farago, Vecsei Laszlo, Krisztina Bencsik, Peter Klivenyi, Zsigmond Tamas Kincses
Summary: This study found altered connectivity within attention-related networks in multiple sclerosis patients during task performance, which scales with cognitive disability.
MULTIPLE SCLEROSIS JOURNAL
(2021)
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Fanni Toth, Edina Katalin Cseh, Laszlo Vecsei
Summary: The incidence of neurodegenerative diseases has increased significantly worldwide due to longer life expectancy, but the development of neuroprotective agents has seen limited success. Some natural products and molecules with diverse biological activities hold potential as neuroprotective agents.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2021)
Article
Biochemical Research Methods
Zsolt Galla, Cecilia Rajda, Gabor Racz, Nora Grecso, Akos Barath, Laszlo Vecsei, Csaba Bereczki, Peter Monostori
Summary: This study presents a robust method for concurrent measurement of multiple molecules, which can aid in the diagnosis and understanding of metabolic and neurological disorders. The method meets EMA requirements and is suitable for sample determination in clinical laboratories.
JOURNAL OF CHROMATOGRAPHY A
(2021)
Article
Microbiology
David Kokai, Dora Paroczai, Derso Peter Virok, Valeria Endresz, Renata Gaspar, Tanis Csont, Renata Bozo, Katalin Burian
Summary: The study found that treatment with 5 mg/kg of Ambroxol in mice exhibited an anti-chlamydial effect, possibly through immunomodulation, and could serve as a supporting drug for respiratory infections caused by Chlamydia pneumoniae.
Article
Microbiology
Dora Paroczai, Anita Sejben, David Kokai, Dezso P. Virok, Valeria Endresz, Katalin Burian
Summary: The study found that fluticasone propionate (FP) had a suppressive effect on Chlamydia pneumoniae growth in vitro and in vivo, primarily through enhancing interferon (IFN)-gamma related responses.
Editorial Material
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Masaru Tanaka, Laszlo Vecsei
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Lehel Balogh, Masaru Tanaka, Nora Torok, Laszlo Vecsei, Shigeru Taguchi
Summary: Psychotherapy and neurological sciences both focus on the brain, but they remain polarized. Existential phenomenological psychotherapy is a meaning-centered counseling approach that helps individuals find meaning and purpose in life, and has been proven effective in treating mood and anxiety disorders.
Review
Neurosciences
Janos Tajti, Delia Szok, Aliz Nyari, Laszlo Vecsei
Summary: This review summarizes the significant breakthroughs in migraine research made by headache scientists in the past 40 years, including the pathogenesis and treatment options for migraine. The theory of the trigeminovascular system has played a crucial role in this field, and the calcitonin gene-related peptide has become an important target for the treatment of migraine. The related studies have provided a solid foundation and treatment strategies in both preclinical and clinical settings.
CNS & NEUROLOGICAL DISORDERS-DRUG TARGETS
(2022)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Anett Hudak, Gabor Veres, Annamaria Letoha, Laszlo Szilak, Tamas Letoha
Summary: Emerging SARS-CoV-2 Delta variant poses a threat to COVID-19 vaccination campaigns. Research shows that the mutations in the Delta spike protein increase its affinity for heparan sulfate proteoglycans and its interaction with syndecan-4, which enhances its cellular entry and facilitates its transmission.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2022)
Article
Medicine, Research & Experimental
Adam Annus, Ferenc Tomosi, Ferenc Rarosi, Evelin Feher, Tamas Janaky, Gabor Kecskemeti, Jozsef Toldi, Peter Klivenyi, Laszlo Sztriha, Laszlo Vecsei
Summary: This study is the first clinical pilot study to analyze changes in the KYN pathway in ischemic stroke patients who received thrombolytic treatment. Baseline KYNA concentration and KAT activity could serve as potential biomarkers to predict early treatment response to thrombolysis. Significantly lower concentrations of KYNA and KAT activity were found in patients who had early neurological improvement (ENI).
ADVANCES IN CLINICAL AND EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE
(2021)
Review
Clinical Neurology
Masaru Tanaka, Eleonora Spekker, Agnes Szabo, Helga Polyak, Laszlo Vecsei
Summary: The neurodevelopmental theory suggests that disruptions in brain development can lead to subsequent neuropsychiatric symptoms. Preclinical studies have shown that neurodevelopmental pathology plays a role in various psychiatric disorders and neurodegenerative diseases.
JOURNAL OF NEURAL TRANSMISSION
(2022)
Article
Plant Sciences
Muhammad Bello Saidu, Norbert Kusz, Yu-Chi Tsai, Mate Vagvolgyi, Robert Berkecz, David Kokai, Katalin Burian, Judit Hohmann, Dora Redei
Summary: Two previously unknown compounds were isolated from the aerial parts of Euphorbia deightonii Croizat and their structures were determined. Compounds 1, 3, 4, and 7 showed inhibitory effects against herpes simplex virus.
Article
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Mahwash Mukhtar, Noemi Csaba, Sandra Robla, Ruben Varela-Calvino, Attila Nagy, Katalin Burian, David Kokai, Rita Ambrus
Summary: A nano-DPI system was developed by combining isoniazid (INH) with mannosylated chitosan (MC) and hyaluronic acid (HA), and preparing dry powder through an ionic gelation method. The nanoparticles showed no significant toxicity to cells, good compatibility with red blood cells, and activated T-cell response. Moreover, the nanoparticles were translocated in macrophages.
Article
Microbiology
Laszlo Orosz, Jozsef Soki, David Kokai, Katalin Burian
Summary: The prevalence and antimicrobial resistance pattern of Corynebacterium striatum were investigated in a study conducted at the Clinical Center of the University of Szeged, Hungary between 2012 and 2021. The study found an increased prevalence of C. striatum during the COVID-19 pandemic, with rising rates in respiratory, blood culture, and superficial samples. Resistance to rifampicin and linezolid increased, although it was not associated with the most commonly isolated co-pathogens. Based on resistance predictions, vancomycin is expected to remain the only effective agent by 2030.
Article
Neurosciences
Bogdan Florea, Remus Orasan, Cristian Budurea, Ioan Patiu, Helga Demeny, Cosmina Ioana Bondor, Laszlo Vecsei, Sandor Beniczky
Summary: Quantitative EEG spectral analysis revealed significant changes in EEG at the end of hemodialysis, including an increase in total EEG power, relative power in the delta frequency band, and the ratio of delta-theta/alpha-beta power. These changes were associated with younger age, recent start of hemodialysis therapy, level of uremia, and lower level of glycaemia. These EEG spectral changes may serve as potential biomarkers for monitoring CNS function during hemodialysis.
CLINICAL NEUROPHYSIOLOGY PRACTICE
(2021)