Review
Anesthesiology
James A. Hall, Sue Jowett, Martyn Lewis, Raymond Oppong, Kika Konstantinou
Summary: The study establishes a decision model for stratified care in managing low back pain, showing cost-effectiveness over a 10-year period with additional quality-adjusted life years and cost savings per patient. Sensitivity analyses suggest the approach is likely to be cost-effective in all scenarios and cost saving in most.
Article
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Lorena de Sousa Rosa, Sostenes Mistro, Marcio Galvao Oliveira, Clavdia Nickolaevna Kochergin, Mateus Lopes Cortes, Danielle Souto de Medeiros, Daniela Arruda Soares, Jose Andrade Louzado, Kelle Oliveira Silva, Vanessa Moraes Bezerra, Welma Wildes Amorim, Mark Barone, Luiz Carlos Passos
Summary: This study evaluated the cost-effectiveness of using a point-of-care A1c device in primary care settings for people with type 2 diabetes, showing it to be a cost-effective alternative for monitoring blood glucose control. The POC-A1c device increased the rate of early blood glucose control and reduced costs of diabetes-related outcomes compared to traditional laboratory tests. Model results were influenced by costs for nephropathy, retinopathy, cardiovascular disease, and the probability of hospitalization due to diabetes.
FRONTIERS IN PHARMACOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Clinical Neurology
Dorien L. Oostra, Minke S. Nieuwboer, Rene J. F. Melis, Toine E. P. Remers, Marcel G. M. Olde Rikkert, Marieke Perry
Summary: Care integration is important for sustainable health-care systems. The DementiaNet program successfully improved collaboration and quality of care in primary dementia care networks. These improvements persisted even after the program ended, indicating a sustainable transition.
ALZHEIMERS & DEMENTIA
(2023)
Article
Geriatrics & Gerontology
Magnus Nord, Johan Lyth, Jan Marcusson, Jenny Alwin
Summary: This study examines the cost-effectiveness of a pragmatic trial of comprehensive geriatric assessment in primary care compared to usual care. The results suggest that the intervention is cost-effective at the 24-month follow-up, and the use of a prediction model to select participants and a low-cost intervention shows promise but requires further study.
JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN MEDICAL DIRECTORS ASSOCIATION
(2022)
Article
Health Care Sciences & Services
Yu-Chun Wang, Wen-Ying Lee, Ming-Yueh Chou, Chih-Kuang Liang, Hsueh-Fen Chen, Shu-Chuan Jennifer Yeh, Chih-Liang Yaung, Kang-Ting Tsai, Joh-Jong Huang, Chi Wang, Yu-Te Lin, Shi-Jer Lou, Hon-Yi Shi
Summary: The study found that under seamless hospital discharge planning, patients had lower direct medical costs, shorter lengths of stay, higher survival rates, and lower unplanned readmission rates. However, only the average total direct medical costs during hospitalization and 6 months after discharge were significantly lower.
Article
Health Care Sciences & Services
Matthew Jones, Ralph K. Akyea, Katherine Payne, Steve E. Humphries, Hasidah Abdul-Hamid, Stephen Weng, Nadeem Qureshi
Summary: This study determines the cost-effectiveness of six case-finding strategies for screening of electronic health records to identify index patients who have genetically confirmed monogenic FH in English primary care. FAMCAT2 was found to be the most cost-effective screening approach.
JOURNAL OF PERSONALIZED MEDICINE
(2022)
Review
Medicine, General & Internal
Phillip O. Coffin, Rebecca S. Martinez, Brian Wylie, Bunny Ryder
Summary: The United States saw a significant increase in opioid prescribing from 1990 to 2010, followed by initiatives to manage opioid use and reduce prescribing. Opioids are no longer the first choice for most chronic pain conditions, and alternative treatments should be considered. Individualized management is necessary for patients on long-term opioid therapy.
ANNALS OF MEDICINE
(2022)
Article
Clinical Neurology
Ke Tan, Yutao Peng, Jinping Li, Chang Liu, Libo Tao
Summary: This study investigated the long-term follow-up and economic estimation outcomes of hematoma drainage for spontaneous intracerebral hemorrhage (SICH) with the assistance of neurosurgical navigation and positioning planning system (referred to as robot). The results suggest that robot-assisted stereotactic drainage offers health economic benefits due to its lower cost and higher effectiveness.
FRONTIERS IN NEUROLOGY
(2023)
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Olivier Drouin, Ryoko Sato, Jeremy E. Drehmer, Emara Nabi-Burza, Bethany Hipple Walters, Jonathan P. Winickoff, Douglas E. Levy
Summary: The study evaluated the cost-effectiveness of a parental smoking cessation intervention program delivered in pediatric primary care, finding that the CEASE program was associated with a favorable incremental cost per quit. The results suggest that CEASE is a cost-effective intervention in pediatric settings, with the potential for high impact on population health.
Article
Clinical Neurology
Anders Wimo, Ron Handels, Riitta Antikainen, Maria Eriksdotter, Linus Jonsson, Martin Knapp, Jenni Kulmala, Tiina Laatikainen, Jenni Lehtisalo, Markku Peltonen, Anders Skoldunger, Hilkka Soininen, Alina Solomon, Timo Strandberg, Jaakko Tuomilehto, Tiia Ngandu, Miia Kivipelto
Summary: This study estimated the potential cost-effectiveness of the FINGER program in Finland. The results showed that the FINGER program could save costs and improve quality-adjusted life years, supporting its effectiveness in preventing cognitive impairment and disability.
ALZHEIMERS & DEMENTIA
(2023)
Article
Dentistry, Oral Surgery & Medicine
Philipp Kanzow, Joachim Krois, Annette Wiegand, Falk Schwendicke
Summary: The study found that there was no significant difference in the median annualized treatment costs between repairs and replacements for partially defective restorations, but the treatment costs for molars were higher than for incisors.
Article
Dentistry, Oral Surgery & Medicine
Falk Schwendicke, Matteo Basso, Dejan Markovic, Lezize Sebnem Turkun, Ivana Miletic
Summary: In the base-case scenario, composite (CO) was more effective but also more costly than glass hybrid (GH) for restoring permanent molars. Sensitivity analysis showed that GH may be more effective and cost-effective. Overall, GH is likely a cost-effective option for restoring permanent molars.
JOURNAL OF DENTISTRY
(2021)
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Sean Harrison, Padraig Dixon, Hayley E. Jones, Alisha R. Davies, Laura D. Howe, Neil M. Davies
Summary: The study used Mendelian randomization to estimate the impact of interventions on quality of life and healthcare costs. It found that the effect of increasing BMI on health-related quality of life is much larger when considering 240 chronic health conditions, suggesting previous studies may have underestimated the effect of BMI on quality of life and the potential cost-effectiveness of interventions to reduce BMI.
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Frances L. Lynch, John F. Dickerson, Michelle S. Rozenman, Araceli Gonzalez, Karen T. G. Schwartz, Giovanna Porta, Maureen O'Keeffe-Rosetti, David Brent, V. Robin Weersing
Summary: The study evaluated the cost-effectiveness of pediatric transdiagnostic brief behavioral therapy (BBT) for anxiety and/or depression compared with assisted referral to community outpatient mental health care (ARC). Results showed that BBT was significantly associated with better outcomes and a greater probability of cost-effectiveness compared with ARC at 32 weeks.
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Susan J. Woolford, Kenneth Resnicow, Matthew M. Davis, Lauren P. Nichols, Richard C. Wasserman, Donna Harris, Achamyeleh Gebremariam, Laura Shone, Alexander G. Fiks, Tammy Chang
Summary: This study compares the cost-effectiveness of a 2-year motivational interviewing (MI) intervention with usual primary care. Results show that MI intervention is effective in reducing BMI percentile in children aged 2-8 and is cost-effective.
Review
Geriatrics & Gerontology
Celia Alvarez-Bueno, Jonathan J. Deeks, Ivan Cavero-Redondo, Kate Jolly, Ana I. Torres-Costoso, Malcolm Price, Ruben Fernandez-Rodriguez, Vicente Martinez-Vizcaino
Summary: For the treatment of motor symptoms in Parkinson's disease (PD), physical activity interventions have been proposed as an effective strategy. Sensorimotor training including endurance, resistance, and dance was found to be the most effective physical activity interventions for mitigating PD motor symptoms.
JOURNAL OF GERIATRIC PHYSICAL THERAPY
(2023)
Article
Gerontology
Kathryn L. Hale, Lauren C. Zalla, Elissa M. Scherer, Truls Ostbye, Pethirupillai Amal Dinesh Coonghe, Rajendra Surenthirakumaran, Joanna Maselko
Summary: Grandparenting activities are of increasing interest to researchers seeking to understand reduced social engagement and depression among aging adults. Through a pilot study in Sri Lanka involving 79 grandparents aged 55 and above, it was found that greater engagement in generative grandparenting activities was correlated with lower distress and this association was stronger among grandparents with more functional limitations.
JOURNAL OF INTERGENERATIONAL RELATIONSHIPS
(2023)
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Lina Schiffer, Punith Kempegowda, Alice J. Sitch, Joanne E. Adaway, Fozia Shaheen, Andreas Ebbehoj, Sumitabh Singh, Malcom P. McTaggart, Michael W. O'Reilly, Alessandro Prete, James M. Hawley, Brian G. Keevil, Irina Bancos, Angela E. Taylor, Wiebke Arlt
Summary: This study aimed to understand the variation and determinants of 11-oxygenated androgens in serum and saliva, which is essential for clinical interpretation. The results showed that the levels of classic androgens decrease with age and BMI, while 11-oxygenated androgens increase with BMI. Additionally, salivary androgens exhibit diurnal variation in men and in the follicular phase in women.
EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF ENDOCRINOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Medicine, Research & Experimental
Evans A. Asamane, Laura Quinn, Samuel I. Watson, Richard J. Lilford, Karla Hemming, Cheick Sidibe, Ryan T. Rego, Sami Bensassi, Youssouf Diarra, Samba Diop, Om Prasad Gautam, Mohammad Sirajul Islam, Louise Jackson, Kate Jolly, Kassoum Kayentao, Ousmane Koita, Buba Manjang, Susan Tebbs, Nicola Gale, Paula Griffiths, Sandy Cairncross, Ousmane Toure, Semira Manaseki-Holland
Summary: This study presents a protocol for a cluster randomised trial to evaluate the effectiveness of a community-based educational intervention in improving food safety and hygiene behaviors and enhancing child nutrition. The trial will assess changes in complementary-food safety and preparation behaviors, as well as food and water contamination and diarrhoea. The study will also examine secondary outcomes such as maternal autonomy, enteric infection, nutrition, child anthropometry, and development scores.
Article
Respiratory System
Paul R. Ellis, Kristen E. Holm, Radmila Choate, David M. Mannino, Robert A. Stockley, Robert A. Sandhaus, Alice M. Turner
Summary: The study found that it was not possible to reliably determine if AAT augmentation therapy improves quality of life or mortality in patients with severe AATD-related lung disease. Alternative surrogate biomarkers of disease progression, such as CT lung density, may be a more pragmatic option.
CHRONIC OBSTRUCTIVE PULMONARY DISEASES-JOURNAL OF THE COPD FOUNDATION
(2023)
Review
Health Care Sciences & Services
Paula Dhiman, Jie Ma, Constanza L. Andaur Navarro, Benjamin Speich, Garrett Bullock, Johanna A. A. Damen, Lotty Hooft, Shona Kirtley, Richard D. Riley, Ben Van Calster, Karel G. M. Moons, Gary S. Collins
Summary: This article conducted a systematic review on oncology-related studies that developed and validated prognostic models using machine learning. The findings revealed the presence of spin, i.e., overinterpretation of findings, in these studies. The inconsistent reporting and use of overly strong or leading words in the publications indicate the need for caution when reading and using prognostic models in oncology.
JOURNAL OF CLINICAL EPIDEMIOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Sport Sciences
Garrett S. Bullock, Patrick Ward, Franco M. Impellizzeri, Stefan Kluzek, Tom Hughes, Paula Dhiman, Richard D. Riley, Gary S. Collins
Summary: Regression or machine learning models used in sports medicine often suffer from poor methodology, incomplete reporting, and inadequate performance evaluation, leading to unreliable predictions and limited clinical usefulness. Thorough evaluation and open science practices are crucial for improving the validity and utility of these models, but they are currently lacking in the field.
Article
Mathematical & Computational Biology
Valentijn M. T. de Jong, Jeroen Hoogland, Karel G. M. Moons, Richard D. Riley, Tri-Long Nguyen, Thomas P. A. Debray
Summary: External validation of prediction models requires careful interpretation, as discrimination depends on both sample characteristics and generalizability of predictor coefficients. To resolve differences in discriminative ability across validation samples, we propose propensity-weighted measures of discrimination. Our methods account for case-mix differences and allow for fair comparisons of discriminative ability in the target population of interest, providing valuable insights for model updating strategies.
STATISTICS IN MEDICINE
(2023)
Article
Mathematical & Computational Biology
Alexander Pate, Matthew Sperrin, Richard D. Riley, Jamie C. Sergeant, Tjeerd Van Staa, Niels Peek, Mamas A. Mamas, Gregory Y. H. Lip, Martin O'Flaherty, Iain Buchan, Glen P. Martin
Summary: This study focuses on predicting the time until two survival outcomes have occurred and compares different analytical methods for multi-morbidity prognosis. The performance of these methods is evaluated through simulated data and a clinical example.
STATISTICS IN MEDICINE
(2023)
Review
Medicine, General & Internal
Powsiga Uruthirakumar, Rajendra Surenthirakumaran, Tiffany Gooden, Gregory Y. H. Lip, G. Neil Thomas, David Moore, Krishnarajah C. Nirantharakumar, Balachandran Kumarendran, Kumaran Subaschandran, Shribavan Kaneshamoorthy, Vethanayagam Antony Sheron, Mahesan Guruparan
Summary: This systematic review aims to update the findings of a previous review conducted in 2006 and evaluate the impact of all rate and rhythm control strategies on the quality of life (QoL) of patients with atrial fibrillation (AF). By searching multiple databases and clinical trial registries, relevant randomized controlled trials will be screened, data extracted, and quality assessed. The results of this review will provide comparisons of the impact of different strategies on the QoL of AF patients and will be crucial for optimizing the overall wellbeing of these patients.
SYSTEMATIC REVIEWS
(2023)
Article
Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
Dragan Gjorgjievski, Katarina Stavrikj, Rachel Jordan, Peymane Adab, Gjorgji Stanoevski, Aleksandra Stamenova, Emilija Krstevska, Sara Simonovska, Fillip Trpcheski, Rachel Adams, Christina Easter, Kiran Rai, Kar Keung Cheng, Chunhua Chi, Brendan G. Cooper, Jaime Correia-de-Sousa, Andrew P. Dickens, Alexandra Enocson, Nicola Gale, Kate Jolly, Sue Jowett, Mariam Maglakelidze, Tamaz Maghlakelidze, Sonia Martins, Alice Sitch, Rafael Stelmach, Alice Turner, Sian Williams, Amanda Farley
Summary: Smoking prevalence in North Macedonia is high, but access to smoking cessation treatment is limited and no co-ordinated smoking cessation programmes are provided.
Review
Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging
Laura Quinn, Konstantinos Tryposkiadis, Jon Deeks, Henrica C. W. De Vet, Sue Mallett, Lidwine B. Mokkink, Yemisi Takwoingi, Sian Taylor-Phillips, Alice Sitch
Summary: This study reviewed the methodology of interobserver variability studies conducted between January 2019 and January 2020. The study found that these studies had diverse designs and methods, and further evaluation is needed to understand their impact. Most studies reported ICC and kappa values that did not always align with the study conclusions. Many studies received high ratings using the COSMIN risk of bias tool.
BRITISH JOURNAL OF RADIOLOGY
(2023)
Review
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Alex Gough, Alice Sitch, Erica Ferris, Tom Marshall
Summary: This study aimed to provide a comprehensive systematic review and meta-analysis of within-subject variability in glycated haemoglobin (HbA1c) measurement. The results showed that HbA1c variability is higher in patients with diabetes and is associated with mean population HbA1c level. These findings highlight the importance of better understanding and accurate estimation of factors associated with HbA1c variability.
Article
Psychiatry
Jeffrey Lambert, Adrian Taylor, Adam Streeter, Colin Greaves, Wendy M. Ingram, Sarah Dean, Kate Jolly, Nanette Mutrie, Lisa Price, John Campbell
Summary: The addition of web-based behavioral support to usual exercise referral schemes leads to reductions in depression but not anxiety in patients with elevated depressive symptoms. Changes in depression and anxiety were influenced by changing motivational regulations toward physical activity. The benefit of adding web-based support to exercise referral schemes on mental health appears to be from increasing confidence, competence, and self-monitoring rather than increasing physical activity. Rating: 7 out of 10.
MENTAL HEALTH AND PHYSICAL ACTIVITY
(2023)
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Vichithranie W. Madurasinghe, Peter Knapp, Sandra Eldridge, David Collier, Shaun Treweek, Jo Rick, Jonathan Graffy, Adwoa Parker, Chris Salisbury, David Torgerson, Kate Jolly, Manbinder S. Sidhu, Christopher Fife-Schaw, Mark A. Hull, Kirsty Sprange, Elizabeth Brettell, Sunil Bhandari, Alan Montgomery, Peter Bower
Summary: The study found that multimedia presentation alongside written information did not improve trial recruitment rates or any other outcomes.