Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Yong-Moon Mark Park, Jenna Lilyquist, Thomas J. Van't Erve, Katie M. O'Brien, Hazel B. Nichols, Ginger L. Milne, Clarice R. Weinberg, Dale P. Sandler
Summary: Plasma carotenoids, as well as supplemental beta-carotene, were found to be associated with lower concentrations of 8-iso-PGF(2 alpha) metabolite. These associations may reflect antioxidant effects.
EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF NUTRITION
(2022)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Shan Zhang, Yanru You, Yachong Li, Hairui Yuan, Jie Zhou, Lijie Tian, Ying Liu, Baoli Wang, Endong Zhu
Summary: Foxk1 promotes adipocyte differentiation by facilitating nuclear translocation and upregulating the transcriptional activity of the Ppar gamma 2 promoter.
Article
Cell Biology
Li Li, Haoming Sun, Jionghao Chen, Cong Ding, Xiaojun Yang, Hua Han, Qingzhu Sun
Summary: The therapeutic potential of Orm2, a protein predominantly secreted by hepatocytes, for treating NAFLD and NASH was investigated in this study. The results showed that high Orm2 expression prevented obesity induced by a high-fat diet in mice. The pharmacological administration of recombinant ORM2 protein ameliorated hepatic steatosis, inflammation, hepatocyte injury, and fibrosis in mouse livers afflicted by NAFLD and NASH. Overall, Orm2 plays a critical role in preventing NASH and associated NAFLD in the context of obesity.
Review
Oncology
Tiange Chi, Mina Wang, Xu Wang, Ke Yang, Feiyu Xie, Zehuan Liao, Peng Wei
Summary: PPARs are lipid sensors and metabolic regulators, with PPAR-γ showing potential in inhibiting cell proliferation, inducing apoptosis, and disrupting inflammation. However, safety concerns including drug interactions need to be addressed for clinical applications.
FRONTIERS IN ONCOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Biology
Keisuke Kitakaze, Hanif Ali, Raiki Kimoto, Yasuhiro Takenouchi, Hironobu Ishimaru, Atsushi Yamashita, Natsuo Ueda, Tamotsu Tanaka, Yasuo Okamoto, Kazuhito Tsuboi
Summary: Human GDE7 is found to possess cPA-producing activity in both living cells and cell-free system, with the active site directed towards the luminal side of the ER. GDE7 suppresses the PPAR gamma pathway, suggesting that cPA functions as an intracellular lipid mediator. These findings help to better understand the biological role of GDE7 and its product, cPA.
COMMUNICATIONS BIOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Ann A. Coulter, Frank L. Greenway, Dachuan Zhang, Sujoy Ghosh, Cathryn R. Coulter, Sarah L. James, Yanlin He, Luke A. Cusimano, Candida J. Rebello
Summary: Naringenin, an activator found in citrus fruits, has beneficial effects on thermogenesis and insulin sensitivity. Our study investigated if carotenoids can enhance the metabolic effects of naringenin on adipocytes. Results showed that beta-carotene acts synergistically with naringenin to improve thermogenesis and glucose metabolism genes.
FRONTIERS IN ENDOCRINOLOGY
(2023)
Review
Immunology
Daniel Toobian, Pradipta Ghosh, Gajanan D. Katkar
Summary: This review article focuses on the potential roles of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptors (PPARs) in macrophage biology, as well as the modulation of immune cell function, microbial infection, and inflammatory diseases by dual and pan PPAR agonists.
FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Mahmoud M. Samaha, Manar G. Helal, Mohamed El-Sherbiny, Eman Said, Hatem A. Salem
Summary: The study evaluated the effects of canagliflozin and indapamide on type 2 diabetes mellitus. Both drugs showed anti-diabetic effects, improved antioxidant defenses, and reduced inflammation. Indapamide had a superior effect on certain indicators, suggesting its potential in regulating T2DM.
Article
Medicine, Research & Experimental
Yumeng Miao, Yun Zheng, Yanzhi Geng, Ling Yang, Na Cao, Yue Dai, Zhifeng Wei
Summary: PPAR gamma agonists repressed Th17 responses by counteracting GLS1-mediated glutaminolysis/2-HG/H3K4me3 and GSH/ROS signals, which is beneficial for Th17 cell-related immune dysregulation.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Tomomi Yamazaki, Megumi Ihato
Summary: PPAR-alpha prevents fatty liver caused by excessive sucrose intake through regulating SREBP-1c target gene expression and liver TG accumulation. Gender differences may be related to the expression level of PPAR-gamma.
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Miao Miao, Xue Wang, Tian Liu, Yan-Jie Li, Wen-Qian Yu, Tong-Mei Yang, Shou-Dong Guo
Summary: Atherosclerosis, a major factor of cardiovascular disease, is influenced by inflammation, dyslipidemia, and oxidative stress. Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptors (PPARs), as nuclear receptors, have tissue- and cell-specific expression and regulate genes involved in lipid metabolism, inflammation, and redox homeostasis. Despite controversies, accumulating evidence supports the role of PPAR activation in attenuating atherosclerosis. Recent advances provide valuable insights into the mechanisms of PPAR activation.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF BIOLOGICAL MACROMOLECULES
(2023)
Article
Immunology
Hongbo Zhang, Taylor Alford, Shuangquan Liu, Dongming Zhou, Jieru Wang
Summary: Influenza virus infection decreases the expression of PPAR gamma in macrophages, leading to inflammation and lung injury.
FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Sergio Hidalgo-Figueroa, Ana Rodriguez-Luevano, Julio C. Almanza-Perez, Abraham Giacoman-Martinez, Rolffy Ortiz-Andrade, Ismael Leon-Rivera, Gabriel Navarrete-Vazquez
Summary: The manuscript describes the design of two molecules targeting PPAR gamma and GPR40 receptors, with compound 1 showing strong activity in increasing mRNA expression levels of PPAR gamma, GLUT4, and GPR40. Additionally, compound 1 exhibited a moderate increase in insulin secretion and calcium mobilization. These findings suggest that compound 1 acts as a dual PPAR gamma and GPR40 agonist, offering better glycemic control than current treatments.
EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF PHARMACOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Nadine Ansorge, Christian Dannecker, Udo Jeschke, Elisa Schmoeckel, Doris Mayr, Helene H. Heidegger, Aurelia Vattai, Maximiliane Burgmann, Bastian Czogalla, Sven Mahner, Sophie Fuerst
Summary: The study found that the expression of COX-2 and PPAR gamma in vulvar cancer tissues is associated with survival rate, with cytoplasmic expression leading to reduced survival and nuclear expression associated with better survival. The combined expression of both COX-2 and PPAR gamma in the cytoplasm is considered an independent negative prognostic factor for vulvar cancer patients.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Jeong Seok Lee, June-Young Koh, Kijong Yi, Young-Il Kim, Su-Jin Park, Eun-Ha Kim, Se-Mi Kim, Sung Ho Park, Young Seok Ju, Young Ki Choi, Su-Hyung Park
Summary: The study utilized a longitudinal approach to analyze single-cell RNA sequencing data from bronchoalveolar lavage fluid cells of SARS-CoV-2-infected ferrets, showing changes in immune response characteristics at 2 and 5 days post-infection compared to uninfected controls. This analysis identified distinct macrophage subsets and gene expression changes associated with SARS-CoV-2 infection, shedding light on the dynamic immune response dynamics triggered by the virus.
NATURE COMMUNICATIONS
(2021)
Article
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Jessika Lodovichi, Elisa Landucci, Letizia Pitto, Ilaria Gisone, Mario D'Ambrosio, Cristina Luceri, Maria Cristina Salvatici, Maria Camilla Bergonzi
Summary: A polymeric micelles formulation (TQ-MP) using Soluplus(R)-Solutol(R) HS15 was developed to enhance the permeability of Thymoquinone (TQ) for possible oral and parenteral administration. The optimized micelles showed small size and homogeneous distribution, and in vitro experiments demonstrated improved permeability of TQ in the intestine and blood brain barrier.
EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF PHARMACEUTICAL SCIENCES
(2022)
Article
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Silvia Voci, Agnese Gagliardi, Maria Cristina Salvatici, Massimo Fresta, Donato Cosco
Summary: The study investigated the effects of different media on the physico-chemical features of zein and gliadin nanoparticles, and characterized the best formulations using freeze-drying. The results showed that a 5% glucose solution was a feasible medium for their development. Cryoprotectants were used to prevent aggregation, with mannose playing a crucial role in the cryopreservation of gliadin nanosystems.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Chiara De Stefani, Jessika Lodovichi, Laura Albonetti, Maria Cristina Salvatici, Jose Carlos Quintela, Anna Rita Bilia, Maria Camilla Bergonzi
Summary: This study developed solid dispersions (SDs) to improve the solubility, bioavailability, and permeability limitations of oleanolic acid (OA). Poloxamer 188, Poloxamer 407, and gamma-CD were found to significantly increase the solubility of OA. Characterization using DSC, XRPD, and FTIR confirmed the formation of solid dispersions in binary systems. In vitro dissolution and permeability studies showed that amorphization of OA through SD preparation could enhance its oral absorption.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Giulia Collodel, Elena Moretti, Daria Noto, Roberta Corsaro, Cinzia Signorini, Claudia Bonechi, Lorenzo Cangeloni, Giovanni Luca, Iva Arato, Francesca Mancuso
Summary: This study aimed to investigate the effects of different types of liposomes on porcine prepubertal Sertoli cells (SCs) and to find a suitable carrier for in vitro testing of drugs. The results showed that anionic and cationic liposomes altered the distribution of actin and vimentin filaments and increased the phosphorylation levels of AMPK alpha. Zwitterionic liposomes, on the other hand, did not cause any changes in the cell cytoplasm. These preliminary data suggest that zwitterionic liposomes are the most suitable carrier for in vitro studies of SCs to understand the effects of molecules or drugs with potential clinical applications in the treatment of certain forms of male infertility.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2023)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Giulia Collodel, Laura Gambera, Anita Stendardi, Fabiola Nerucci, Cinzia Signorini, Caterina Pisani, Marzia Marcheselli, Francesca Letizia Vellucci, Silvana Enrica Pizzasegale, Lucia Micheli, Elena Moretti
Summary: This study investigated the changes and relationships of various molecules in the follicular fluid (FF) of infertile women with different reproductive conditions. It found that some biochemical components, hormones, antioxidant enzymes, F-2-Isoprostanes (F-2-IsoPs), and resolvin (Rv) D1 in the FF are associated with follicular growth, oocyte maturation, and female infertility. These findings highlight the importance of personalized therapeutic approaches and optimized assisted reproductive techniques (ART) outcomes.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2023)
Article
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Silvia Voci, Agnese Gagliardi, Nicola Ambrosio, Maria Cristina Salvatici, Massimo Fresta, Donato Cosco
Summary: Doxorubicin hydrochloride (DOX) is a widely used antitumor drug, but its off-target toxicity limits its administration. Nanoparticles made of wheat gliadin and polyoxyethylene (2) oleyl ether were investigated as carriers for DOX. These nanoparticles showed great stability, retained high amounts of drug, and exhibited prolonged and sustained release. The encapsulation of DOX modulated its cytotoxicity against breast cancer cells compared to the free form of the drug, demonstrating the potential use of these nanoparticles as carriers for hydrophilic antitumor compounds.
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Matteo Vanni, Manuel Serrano-Ruiz, Jonathan Filippi, Maria Cristina Salvatici, Emiliano Fonda, Maurizio Peruzzini, Maria Caporali
Summary: Layered black phosphorus (BP) shows potential as an excellent candidate for electronics due to its unique chemico-physical properties. However, like other 2D materials, it easily degrades under ambient conditions. By functionalizing BP with preformed and in situ grown Ni nanoparticles, the electronic properties of the material are affected. In particular, in situ Ni functionalization narrows the average BP band gap and shifts the conduction band maximum, leading to improved ambient stability. Structural studies using XAS reveal the formation of a Ni-P coordinative bond with a short distance when Ni nanoparticles are grown on BP nanosheets.
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Elena Moretti, Cinzia Signorini, Roberta Corsaro, Maria Giamalidi, Giulia Collodel
Summary: Spermatozoa produce reactive oxygen species (ROS) due to aerobic metabolism, which can have both beneficial and detrimental effects on cell function. Assisted reproductive procedures, such as cryopreservation, can lead to excessive ROS production and oxidative damage to spermatozoa. This review focuses on using human sperm as an in vitro model to study the supplementation of antioxidants in media. The presence and synergic effects of different antioxidant molecules may lead to more effective products in vitro and potentially in vivo.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Simona Mattioli, Elena Moretti, Cesare Castellini, Cinzia Signorini, Roberta Corsaro, Elisa Angelucci, Giulia Collodel
Summary: This study investigated the association of apelin and resolvin (RvD1) in the testis and sperm with the oxidative status of semen and serum testosterone in rabbits fed different diets enriched with flaxseed or fish oil. The results showed that flaxseed diet increased the levels of apelin in the testis and enhanced serum testosterone. Both enriched diets showed higher levels of malondialdehyde and RvD1 in the testis. Apelin and its receptor were also detected in ejaculated sperm.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Elena Moretti, Cinzia Signorini, Daria Noto, Roberta Corsaro, Lucia Micheli, Thierry Durand, Camille Oger, Jean Marie Galano, Giulia Collodel
Summary: After incubation with F-4-NeuroPs, selected human sperm showed increased motility, membrane mitochondrial potential, and reacted acrosome percentage. Chromatin integrity did not differ between treated and control samples. PSA staining highlighted a significantly higher number of sperm with reacted acrosomes in the treated group after 4 hours. Immunofluorescence analysis revealed a dense distribution of ryanodine receptors in the midpiece and postacrosomal sheath of sperm after 2 hours, followed by a dotted distribution after 4 hours. F-4-NeuroPs at an appropriate concentration can induce sperm capacitation via ion channels, which may enhance the success of assisted fertilization.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2023)