Article
Orthopedics
Brooke E. Patterson, Christian J. Barton, Adam G. Culvenor, Randall L. Cooper, Kay M. Crossley
Summary: This study aimed to assess the feasibility of a randomized controlled trial for individuals 1-year post-ACLR with persistent symptoms, and to determine the effectiveness of lower-limb versus trunk-focused interventions. The results suggest that the lower-limb focused intervention may have potential benefits for improving knee-related QoL, symptoms, and function.
BMC MUSCULOSKELETAL DISORDERS
(2021)
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Won-Sang Jung, Seung-Hwan Kim, Sang-Seok Nam, Jeong-Weon Kim, Hwang-Woon Moon
Summary: The study compared the effects of a rehabilitation exercise program with blood flow restriction (BFR) and a general rehabilitation exercise program in patients who had undergone anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) reconstruction. The results showed that the BFR program was more effective in improving muscle activity and function, suggesting its usefulness for rapid recovery after ACL reconstruction.
APPLIED SCIENCES-BASEL
(2022)
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Max Reijman, Vincent Eggerding, Eline van Es, Ewoud van Arkel, Igor van den Brand, Joost van Linge, Jacco Zijl, Erwin Waarsing, Sita Bierma-Zeinstra, Duncan Meuffels
Summary: Patients with acute ACL rupture who underwent early surgical reconstruction showed improved perceptions of symptoms, knee function, and ability to participate in sports compared to those who underwent rehabilitation followed by elective surgical reconstruction at the two year follow-up. The difference was statistically significant (P=0.026), although the clinical relevance remains unclear.
BMJ-BRITISH MEDICAL JOURNAL
(2021)
Article
Sport Sciences
Roula Kotsifaki, Vasileios Korakakis, Enda King, Olivia Barbosa, Dustin Maree, Michail Pantouveris, Andreas Bjerregaard, Julius Luomajoki, Jan Wilhelmsen, Rodney Whiteley
Summary: This guideline provides clinical practice recommendations for rehabilitation after ACL reconstruction, based on AGREE II and GRADE approach. It evaluates the effectiveness of rehabilitation interventions through randomized clinical trials and systematic reviews, and guides clinicians and patients on the optimal rehabilitation protocol. Exercise interventions are the main focus of rehabilitation, but there is limited evidence on the relationship between exercise volume/intensity and outcomes.
BRITISH JOURNAL OF SPORTS MEDICINE
(2023)
Article
Orthopedics
Ryan Zarzycki, Susanne M. Morton, Charalambos C. Charalambous, Brian Pietrosimone, Glenn N. Williams, Lynn Snyder-Mackler
Summary: Persistent quadriceps dysfunction after ACLR may be linked to differential effects on intracortical facilitation between limbs, as well as an association between short-interval intracortical inhibition and quadriceps strength in the surgical limb.
JOURNAL OF ORTHOPAEDIC RESEARCH
(2021)
Article
Rehabilitation
Claire Coulondre, Robin Souron, Alexandre Rambaud, Etienne Dalmais, Loic Espeit, Thomas Neri, Alban Pinaroli, Gilles Estour, Guillaume Y. Millet, Thomas Rupp, Leonard Feasson, Pascal Edouard, Thomas Lapole
Summary: This study aimed to investigate the effects of local vibration training on the recovery after anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction (ACLR). The results showed that local vibration training could improve the strength recovery of the injured leg and had a moderate effect on limb symmetry improvement.
ANNALS OF PHYSICAL AND REHABILITATION MEDICINE
(2022)
Article
Orthopedics
Anne Leung, Shailesh Kantak, Sommer Hammoud, Rebekah Abraham, Ryan Zarzycki
Summary: ACL rupture leads to quadriceps dysfunction. After reconstruction surgery, there are differences in corticospinal excitability (CSE) and quadriceps performance between sexes. Males show higher CSE, while females have poorer quadriceps performance on the surgical limb, suggesting the need for sex-specific interventions.
JOURNAL OF ORTHOPAEDIC RESEARCH
(2023)
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Emerito Carlos Rodriguez-Merchan
Summary: Biological augmentation techniques have potential in ACL reconstruction, but clinical studies are currently lacking concrete evidence.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2021)
Article
Orthopedics
Elanna K. Arhos, Jacob J. Capin, Thomas S. Buchanan, Lynn Snyder-Mackler
Summary: The study aimed to investigate the relationship between symmetry in isometric quadriceps strength and gait biomechanics after return-to-sport training in athletes after ACLR. Findings showed that after reaching a certain level of quadriceps strength, restoring strength alone may not improve gait asymmetries, suggesting that current clinical interventions and return-to-sport training may not effectively target gait issues.
AMERICAN JOURNAL OF SPORTS MEDICINE
(2021)
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Yang Yu, Xianguang Yang, Chuan He, Guoliang Wang, Dejian Liu, Yanlin Li
Summary: The use of the Chinese knotting technique (CKT) in aggressive rehabilitation after ACL reconstruction can lead to better clinical outcomes and kinematics recovery of the knee compared to routine technique.
Review
Medicine, General & Internal
Jose Manuel Pastora-Bernal, Maria Jose Estebanez-Perez, David Lucena-Anton, Francisco Jose Garcia-Lopez, Antonio Bort-Carballo, Rocio Martin-Valero
Summary: The effectiveness of motor imagery (MI) interventions after anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) reconstruction remains inconclusive, with inconsistent results regarding pain, anxiety, fear of re-injury, function, and activities of daily living. There is no clear evidence on the impact on range of motion, anthropometric measurements, and quality of life. Further research with adequately-powered long-term randomized controlled trials is necessary.
JOURNAL OF CLINICAL MEDICINE
(2021)
Article
Orthopedics
Adam P. Weaver, Michelle C. Walaszek, Dylan P. Roman, Matthew S. Harkey, Christopher Kuenze
Summary: The study investigated the relationship between meniscal tear type and treatment at the time of anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction (ACLR) and quadriceps strength in adolescents during the late rehabilitative phase. The results showed that meniscal tear type and treatment did not affect quadriceps strength or symmetry.
AMERICAN JOURNAL OF SPORTS MEDICINE
(2023)
Editorial Material
Orthopedics
Clayton W. Nuelle, B. Christian Balldin, Harris S. Slone
Summary: ACL reconstruction using the all-inside technique is a commonly performed knee operation. It offers several advantages, including anatomical tunnel placement, decreased postoperative pain and swelling, minimal hardware, appropriate tensioning of the graft, and successful graft to bone healing. Studies have shown that it has similar or superior biomechanical properties and clinical outcomes compared to traditional full-tunnel ACL reconstruction techniques.
ARTHROSCOPY-THE JOURNAL OF ARTHROSCOPIC AND RELATED SURGERY
(2022)
Article
Nanoscience & Nanotechnology
Meifang Zhou, Bo Han
Summary: This study on the effects of knee-related training during arthroscopic ACL reconstruction showed that preoperative care and rehabilitation guidance can improve knee function and promote successful recovery post-surgery.
SCIENCE OF ADVANCED MATERIALS
(2021)
Review
Sport Sciences
Pere Garcia-Rodriguez, Javier Pecci, Sergio Vazquez-Gonzalez, Helios Pareja-Galeano
Summary: Rehabilitation with blood flow restriction (BFR) after ACL reconstruction improves pain, functionality, strength, and muscle mass. It is more effective compared to high loads or immobilization.
SPORTS HEALTH-A MULTIDISCIPLINARY APPROACH
(2023)
Article
Sport Sciences
Simon Lovegrove, Liam J. Hughes, Sean K. Mansfield, Paul J. Read, Phil Price, Stephen D. Patterson
Summary: This study investigated the reliability of repetitions in reserve (RIR) as a method for prescribing resistance training load for novice athletes. The results showed that RIR is a reliable tool for load prescription in a young novice population, and different repetition schemes can be used to target specific resistance training adaptations.
JOURNAL OF STRENGTH AND CONDITIONING RESEARCH
(2022)
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Dean Conway, A. Bliss, S. D. Patterson
Summary: This study examined the factors influencing the accuracy of perceived exertion during rehabilitation in patients with chronic low back pain. The results showed that perceived exertion accuracy was influenced by pain, disability, and heart rate during the rehabilitation process. Even after the completion of rehabilitation, perceived exertion accuracy remained negatively correlated with average heart rate. Ultimately, the improvement in perceived exertion accuracy was correlated with changes in average heart rate throughout the rehabilitation program.
BMJ MILITARY HEALTH
(2022)
Article
Sport Sciences
Luke Nicholas Woodhouse, Jamie Tallent, Stephen David Patterson, Mark Waldron
Summary: Longitudinal study on international female rugby union players over 5 seasons revealed changes in anthropometric and physical performance characteristics, highlighting distinctions between field positions. Overall, physical performance has improved, with differences in anthropometric and performance characteristics becoming more pronounced among elite female rugby union players in different positions.
JOURNAL OF SPORTS SCIENCES
(2022)
Review
Biophysics
Luke Hughes, Kyle J. Hackney, Stephen D. Patterson
Summary: During spaceflight missions, astronauts face hazards to their physical health and performance due to exposure to microgravity. Physical exercise is crucial for mitigating physical deconditioning, but current exercise strategies have limitations in microgravity. Blood flow restriction exercise is a low intensity strategy that can provide positive training benefits across multiple physiological systems, making it a potential optimization strategy for exercise countermeasures in spaceflight.
AEROSPACE MEDICINE AND HUMAN PERFORMANCE
(2022)
Article
Orthopedics
Nasir Uddin, Mark Waldron, Stephen D. Patterson, Stacy Winter, Jamie Tallent
Summary: This study investigated the differences in symptom onset and recovery between combat sports and evaluated the relationships between concussion and rapid weight loss (RWL) symptoms among combat sports athletes. The results indicate that there is a strong association between concussion symptoms and RWL symptoms, with most athletes reporting a worsening of concussion symptoms during rapid weight loss.
CLINICAL JOURNAL OF SPORT MEDICINE
(2022)
Review
Physiology
Nasir Uddin, Jamie Tallent, Stephen D. Patterson, Stuart Goodall, Mark Waldron
Summary: Heat-induced hypo-hydration impairs neuromuscular function, particularly during repeated and sustained contractions. The mechanisms of these effects are separate from those of hyperthermia-induced fatigue and are likely due to modulations in corticospinal inhibition, increased fiber conduction velocity, pain perception, and impaired contractile function.
EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF APPLIED PHYSIOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Cell Biology
Stephen P. Currie, Julian J. Ammer, Brian Premchand, Joshua Dacre, Yufei Wu, Constantinos Eleftheriou, Matt Colligan, Thomas Clarke, Leah Mitchell, A. Aldo Faisal, Matthias H. Hennig, Ian Duguid
Summary: The motor cortex generates descending output necessary for limb movements, but the organization of movement-specific signaling in deep layers is not well understood. In this study, the authors recorded the activity of layer 5B neurons in the caudal forelimb area of motor cortex while mice performed a push/pull task. They found that most neurons showed movement-invariant responses, while a minority displayed movement specificity. The activity of pyramidal tract neurons mainly represented movement-invariant signaling, while a small subpopulation of these neurons represented movement type. In contrast, a larger proportion of intratelencephalic neurons displayed movement-type-specific signaling. The authors suggest that layer 5B population dynamics largely reflect movement-invariant signaling, with information related to movement type being routed through a small proportion of projection neurons.
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Ismita Chhetri, Julie E. A. Hunt, Jeewaka R. Mendis, Lui G. Forni, Justin Kirk-Bayley, Ian White, Jonathan Cooper, Karthik Somasundaram, Nikunj Shah, Stephen D. Patterson, Zudin A. Puthucheary, Hugh E. Montgomery, Benedict C. Creagh-Brown
Summary: Muscle wasting is a significant problem in ICU-AW patients, affecting 40% of patients and causing long-term physical disability. The application of repetitive vascular occlusion stimulus (RVOS) has shown potential in limiting muscle atrophy and improving clinical outcomes in ICU patients.
JOURNAL OF CLINICAL MEDICINE
(2022)
Article
Sport Sciences
Bruce M. Paton, Nick Court, Michael Giakoumis, Paul Head, Babar Kayani, Sam Kelly, Gino M. M. J. Kerkhoffs, James Moore, Peter Moriarty, Simon Murphy, Ricci Plastow, Noel Pollock, Paul Read, Ben Stirling, Laura Tulloch, Nicol van Dyk, Mathew G. Wilson, David Wood, Fares Haddad
Summary: Muscle injury classification systems for hamstring injuries have evolved to use anatomy and imaging information, but lack reliability and validity data. A narrative evidence review and Delphi study were conducted to build an international consensus on best-practice decision-making. The most commonly used classification system is the British Athletics Muscle Injury Classification (BAMIC). More research is needed on surgical referral and effectiveness criteria, and validity and reliability of classification systems.
BRITISH JOURNAL OF SPORTS MEDICINE
(2023)
Article
Sport Sciences
Ricci Plastow, Gino M. M. J. Kerkhoffs, David Wood, Bruce M. Paton, Babar Kayani, Noel Pollock, Nick Court, Michael Giakoumis, Paul Head, Sam Kelly, James Moore, Peter Moriarty, Simon Murphy, Paul Read, Ben Stirling, Laura Tulloch, Nicol Van Dyk, Mathew Wilson, Fares Haddad
Summary: The 2020 London International Hamstring Consensus meeting aimed to establish clear indications for surgical repair of hamstring injuries (HSIs) and provide a foundation for future research. The consensus group agreed that operative intervention can be considered for specific criteria such as gapping at the zone of tendinous injury, symptomatic displaced bony avulsions, and refractory proximal free tendon injuries. However, further research is needed to determine the efficacy of surgery in reducing reinjury risk and the group did not support the use of corticosteroids or endoscopic surgery without further evidence.
BRITISH JOURNAL OF SPORTS MEDICINE
(2023)
Article
Sport Sciences
Bruce M. Paton, Paul Read, Nicol van Dyk, Mathew G. Wilson, Noel Pollock, Nick Court, Michael Giakoumis, Paul Head, Babar Kayani, Sam Kelly, Gino M. M. J. Kerkhoffs, James Moore, Peter Moriarty, Simon Murphy, Ricci Plastow, Ben Stirling, Laura Tulloch, David Wood, Fares Haddad
Summary: This study aimed to develop an international expert consensus for the management of hamstring injuries (HSIs) through a modified Delphi methodology and consensus process. The study involved 46 international experts and found consensus in areas such as exercise selection and dosage, impact of the kinetic chain, and criteria for return to sport (RTS). However, there was disagreement in benchmarks for flexibility and strength, as well as the use of adjuncts in rehabilitation.
BRITISH JOURNAL OF SPORTS MEDICINE
(2023)
Article
Sport Sciences
Luke Nicholas Woodhouse, Mark Bennett, Jamie Tallent, Stephen David Patterson, Mark Waldron
Summary: This study investigated the impact of anthropometric and physical abilities on match collision performance among international female rugby union players. The findings suggest that body mass, composition, strength, and power contribute towards successful collision actions in different positions and types of collision events. Therefore, physical training programs should be designed with this specificity in mind.
EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF SPORT SCIENCE
(2023)
Editorial Material
Sport Sciences
Fares S. Haddad, Bruce M. Paton, Ricci Plastow, Mathew G. Wilson
BRITISH JOURNAL OF SPORTS MEDICINE
(2023)
Article
Sport Sciences
Ryan Norbury, Lieben Dickens, Ian Grant, Alison Emery, Stephen D. Patterson
Summary: This study aimed to examine the effects of ischaemic preconditioning (IPC) cycles on experimental pain perception. The results showed that remote IPC significantly improved pain tolerance, which may have significant implications for endurance performance and exercise rehabilitation.
EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF SPORT SCIENCE
(2023)
Meeting Abstract
Sport Sciences
Stephen David Patterson, William Page, Phil Price, Daniel Cleather
MEDICINE & SCIENCE IN SPORTS & EXERCISE
(2022)