Article
Engineering, Electrical & Electronic
Jingxia Li, Ning Zhang, Hang Xu, Bingjie Wang, Li Liu, Mingrui Zhao
Summary: A polarimetric chaotic ground penetrating radar is proposed to improve the detection accuracy of underground pipes. The use of chaotic signal and multi-polarization detection mode enhances pipe responses and accurately determines their shape and distribution.
IEEE SENSORS JOURNAL
(2022)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Gerardo Romano, Luigi Capozzoli, Nicodemo Abate, Michele De Girolamo, Isabella Serena Liso, Domenico Patella, Mario Parise
Summary: Gravaglione in Apulia region, Italy, is a significant swallow hole that could be part of an unknown karst system. A combination of aerial photogrammetry, ground penetrating radar measurements, and electrical resistivity tomography surveys were used to identify caves, define the extent of the karst system, and understand the relationship between surface morphology and subsurface structure. The study revealed the presence of a complex karst system up to 200 m below ground level with a distinctive 3D nature. The results demonstrate the validity of the geophysical approach and lay the foundation for a cost-effective and high-resolution strategy for detecting and characterizing karst caves.
Article
Environmental Sciences
Matthew J. J. Sirianni, Xavier Comas, Gregory J. J. Mount, Shelley Pierce, Carlos Coronado-Molina, David Rudnick
Summary: Saltwater intrusion poses a significant threat to freshwater wetlands, affecting their structure, ecology, and ecosystem services. This study investigates the effects of salinization on peat soils in the Everglades, using a combination of laboratory and field-based measurements. The results show that salinity significantly affects the physical properties of peat soils, leading to pore dilation and soil surface deformation. The study also presents a simplified conceptual framework for understanding peat collapse and pock formation.
WATER RESOURCES RESEARCH
(2023)
Article
Geography, Physical
Emanuele Forte, Hugh M. French, Rossana Raffi, Ilaria Santin, Mauro Guglielmin
Summary: This study reports the findings of a combined geophysical and geomorphological investigation of thermal-contraction-crack polygons near Gondwana station in northern Victoria Land, Antarctica. The study area, characterized by random orthogonal polygons, was analyzed using ground penetrating radar, electrical resistivity tomography, geomorphological surveys, and trench excavations. The study found that the polygons are composite in nature and only well developed at higher elevations above the current sea level. Unexpectedly, the polygons align with the raised beach boundaries and correlate with stratigraphic layers dipping toward the sea.
PERMAFROST AND PERIGLACIAL PROCESSES
(2022)
Article
Engineering, Geological
Adrian White, Paul Wilkinson, James Boyd, James Wookey, John Michael Kendall, Andrew Binley, Timothy Grossey, Jonathan Chambers
Summary: Globally, earth embankments are used to protect against flooding. Ground Penetrating Radar (GPR) and Electrical Resistivity Tomography (ERT) are commonly used to identify and map animal burrows in these embankments. This study compared the efficacy of ERT and GPR in imaging badger burrow networks in clay embankments. The results showed that ERT can accurately resolve tunnels down to 1.5 m depth, while GPR surveys had limited penetration depth. The implications of this study include improved embankment management, reduced repair costs, and a better understanding of badger burrow geometry.
ENGINEERING GEOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
Jiri Hruska, Frantisek Kuda, Ladislav Holik, Valerie Vranova
Summary: The use of ground-penetrating radar (GPR) and electrical resistivity tomography (ERT) geophysical methods are considered useful for assessing forest soil slope instabilities. In this study, GPR and ERT measurements were carried out at two localities in the Czech Republic over a year, revealing visible changes in soil properties and the expansion of wet areas inside rock masses. These changes are believed to be associated with logging operations as they were the major external factor in the areas.
GEOLOGICAL JOURNAL
(2023)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Nicoleta Iftimie, Adriana Savin, Rozina Steigmann, Gabriel Silviu Dobrescu
Summary: GPR is a key technology for subsurface sensing and NDT, able to detect both metallic and nonmetallic targets. The study successfully used GPR imaging to detect two urban drainage pipes with good accuracy, providing convenience for locating their position and depth.
Review
Environmental Sciences
Victoria Berezowski, Xanthe Mallett, Justin Ellis, Ian Moffat
Summary: The location of unmarked graves is legally and culturally significant, providing closure to families in forensic cases and valuable information in archaeological investigations. Traditional methods like excavation are difficult and expensive, leading to the widespread use of geophysical techniques such as ground penetrating radar and electrical resistivity tomography for efficient and non-invasive grave detection.
Article
Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
Alexandru Onaca, Emil Gachev, Florina Ardelean, Adrian Ardelean, Aurel Persoiu, Alexandru Hegyi
Summary: Snezhnika and Banski Suhodol glacierets in the Pirin Mountains are the southernmost surface ice accumulations in Europe and appear to be more stable than other small glaciers in the Mediterranean region. However, there is a lack of data on ice thickness distribution and bedrock topography for glaciers on the Balkan Peninsula. The volume of both glacierets has significantly decreased since the Little Ice Age, with Snezhnika dropping by 123% and Banski Suhodol by 83%.
Article
Soil Science
Narges Kariminejad, Adel Sepehr, Jean Poesen, Ali Hassanli
Summary: This paper attempts to study the geometric features of soil piping in arid and semi-arid regions using aerial mapping systems, soil physical and chemical attributes, and near-surface geophysical survey tools. The results show that soil attributes control the occurrence of piping-related features, and the geophysical tools can determine the approximate size and structure of soil pipes.
Article
Engineering, Multidisciplinary
Zhengfang Wang, Ming Lei, Jing Wang, Bo Li, Jing Xu, Yuchen Jiang, Qingmei Sui, Yao Li
Summary: This paper proposes an unsupervised deep learning method for translating real ground penetrating radar (GPR) images to simulated ones. The method introduces geometry-consistency constraints to prevent semantic distortion in translation. It was validated using GPR data collected in various scenarios, and the findings demonstrate accurate identification of internal defects in translated GPR images.
STRUCTURAL HEALTH MONITORING-AN INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL
(2023)
Article
Construction & Building Technology
Haobang Hu, Hongyuan Fang, Niannian Wang, Duo Ma, Jiaxiu Dong, Bin Li, Danyang Di, Hongbiao Zheng, Jiang Wu
Summary: An improved DCGAN and attention modules are utilized to propose a recognition model for underground defects, which has been verified to provide more accurate and effective detection of such defects.
TUNNELLING AND UNDERGROUND SPACE TECHNOLOGY
(2023)
Review
Geochemistry & Geophysics
Mohammed M. AL-Hameedawi, Jassim M. Thabit, Firas H. AL-Menshed
Summary: A survey was conducted near the Ishtar temple in ancient Babylon city to investigate buried archaeological walls using electrical resistivity tomography and ground-penetrating radar methods. The study found that the electrical resistivity tomography method was effective in differentiating the host materials and the buried walls, despite the walls being made of mudbrick masonry and embedded in clayey soil. Comparison with ground-penetrating radar profiles showed good agreement in the main architecture. The analysis of the walls' geometry and composition suggested that they may be the remains of rooms belonging to small houses or a big private house.
GEOPHYSICAL PROSPECTING
(2022)
Article
Geography, Physical
Adrian Emmert, Christof Kneisel
Summary: Our study used a multi-method geophysical approach to investigate the internal structure of palsas in Central Iceland, showing differences between initial and mature development stages. We also introduced measurements of the soil matric potential as a promising method to assess the current state of the subsurface, highlighting the importance of this approach in understanding environmental changes.
PERMAFROST AND PERIGLACIAL PROCESSES
(2021)
Article
Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
Valentina Pezdir, Teja Ceru, Barbara Horn, Mateja Gosar
Summary: Geophysical methods were used to determine peat thickness and morphology of the Sijec bog, revealing that the peat formation originated from a lake with four deeper depressions separated by glacial deposits. The results illustrate the potential of geophysical methods in inferring formational processes in peatlands.
Article
Geochemistry & Geophysics
Lara De Giorgi, Giovanni Leucci
EXPLORATION GEOPHYSICS
(2018)
Article
Engineering, Multidisciplinary
Andrea Cataldo, Egidio De Benedetto, Giuseppe Cannazza, Sebastiano D'Amico, Lourdes Farrugia, Geraldine Mifsud, Evan Dimech, Charles V. Sammut, Raffaele Persico, Giovanni Leucci, Lara De Giorgi
Article
Environmental Sciences
Catia Bianco, Lara De Giorgi, Maria T. Giannotta, Giovanni Leucci, Francesco Meo, Raffaele Persico
Article
Chemistry, Analytical
Giovanni Leucci, Lara De Giorgi, Immacolata Ditaranto, Francesco Giuri, Ivan Ferrari, Giuseppe Scardozzi
Article
Chemistry, Analytical
Nicola Masini, Giovanni Leucci, David Vera, Maria Sileo, Antonio Pecci, Sayri Garcia, Ronald Lopez, Henry Holguin, Rosa Lasaponara
Article
Archaeology
Giovanni Leucci, Lara De Giorgi, Immacolata Ditaranto, Ilaria Miccoli, Giuseppe Scardozzi
Summary: This study presents new archaeological data on the ancient layout of Piammiano, an Etruscan and Roman settlement, obtained through geophysical surveys. The data reveal buried structures such as roads, walls, and a large building with porticoes overlooking the Tiber valley. Additionally, a channel network potentially linked to a cistern was documented at greater depths.
ARCHAEOLOGICAL PROSPECTION
(2021)
Article
Archaeology
Giuseppe Scardozzi, Tommaso Ismaelli, Giovanni Leucci, Lara De Giorgi, Immacolata Ditaranto, Marco Galli, Carlo Inglese, Marika Griffo
Summary: The research project utilized geophysical prospecting techniques such as Ground-penetrating Radar (GPR) and Electrical Resistivity Tomography (ERT) to study the archaeological context of the Basilica Julia in the Roman Forum. The methods provided new insights into the buried structures of the Basilica and the previous buildings in the southern part of the Forum, offering data on the historical features and geological setting of the area.
ARCHAEOLOGICAL PROSPECTION
(2021)
Article
Geochemistry & Geophysics
Robert Brown, David Cardona, Lara De Giorgi, Giovanni Leucci, Benedict James Lowe, Raffaele Persico, Davide Tanasi, Andrew Wilkinson
Summary: Ground-penetrating radar (GPR) mapping is a useful tool for analyzing buried archaeological features and guiding excavation operations. Studies have shown that GPR surveys can reveal information related to structures such as city walls, water supply, and protection.
EXPLORATION GEOPHYSICS
(2021)
Article
Chemistry, Analytical
Lara De Giorgi, Ivan Ferrari, Francesco Giuri, Giovanni Leucci, Giuseppe Scardozzi
Summary: The church of Santa Maria della Lizza is a significant example of medieval architecture in the Salento Peninsula. Ground-penetrating radar and laser scanner surveys were used to analyze the crypts and anomalies related to the old church, establishing a spatial relationship between the surface and the level below the church.
Article
Environmental Sciences
Giovanni Leucci, Lara De Giorgi, Immacolata Ditaranto, Ilaria Miccoli, Giuseppe Scardozzi
Summary: Lecce, located in southern Italy, is a city with a rich underground history dating back to ancient times. The Lecce Cathedral, a significant building in the town, was found to have various ancient structures and tombs underneath its floor through GPR surveys.
Article
Geochemistry & Geophysics
Giovanni Leucci, Lara De Giorgi, Immacolata Ditaranto, Ilaria Miccoli, Giuseppe Scardozzi
Summary: This paper presents the results of geophysical surveys conducted in Ugento, specifically in the St. Antonio area and the Medieval Castle. The aim of this study is to support archaeological investigations by integrating the data obtained from Ground-Penetrating Radar and Electrical Resistivity Tomography surveys. The results provide valuable information for the elaboration of a detailed archaeological map of the Messapian, Roman, and Medieval settlement, and offer insights into the ancient structures and geological characteristics of the site.
EXPLORATION GEOPHYSICS
(2023)
Article
Geochemistry & Geophysics
L. De Giorgi, D. F. Barbolla, F. Comisi, C. Torre, G. Leucci
Summary: The condition of the wood structure and its components should be recorded before taking any action. The diagnosis of wood structures in heritage should come before any intervention. It is important to know the construction, decay condition, and causes, as well as any damage or structural failure. The diagnosis should be based on non-destructive testing and, if needed, laboratory testing. Water is a major cause of wood decay. Ground-penetrating radar and time domain reflectometry were used in this study to estimate the water content of different types of wood based on its dielectric permittivity. The results were applied to case studies of the Cathedral of Foggia and the Castle of Carosino.
EXPLORATION GEOPHYSICS
(2023)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Giovanni Leucci, Lara De Giorgi, Ivan Ferrari, Francesco Giuri, Lucrezia Longhitano, Alberto Felici, Cristiano Riminesi
Summary: The Basilica of Santa Maria del Carmine in Florence, built in 1268, was consecrated in 1422. After a fire in 1771, it was mostly destroyed except for the Corsini and Brancacci chapels. The church was reconstructed by architect Giuseppe Ruggeri and completed in 1782, with the unfinished gabled facade still visible today. Geophysical investigations were conducted on the Brancacci chapel to study the structure of the wall paintings and formulate hypotheses on their detachment.
Article
Environmental Sciences
Giovanni Leucci, Ilaria Miccoli, Dora Francesca Barbolla, Lara De Giorgi, Ivan Ferrari, Francesco Giuri, Giuseppe Scardozzi
Summary: The Castle of Melfi, located on a hilltop, has undergone modifications and expansions over time. It was initially built during the Norman era, expanded under Frederick II, and further altered during the Angevin and Aragonese reigns. Ground-penetrating radar and electrical resistivity tomography surveys were conducted in different areas of the castle to identify ancient buried structures and compare the results.
Article
Humanities, Multidisciplinary
Lara De Giorgi, Dora Francesca Barbolla, Ivan Ferrari, Francesco Giuri, Chiara Torre, Giovanni Leucci
Summary: The church of Santa Chiara and its adjacent convent in Nardo, Italy, have a long history dating back to the 13th century. The current church was built in the 17th and 18th centuries under the guidance of Bishop Orazio Fortunato. Recent geophysical investigations using electromagnetic, electrical resistivity, and ground-penetrating radar methods revealed anomalies indicating the presence of structures that may have archaeological significance.
