Article
Engineering, Environmental
Mohammadreza Moeini, Lina Sela, Ahmad F. Taha, Ahmed A. Abokifa
Summary: Chlorine is widely used as a disinfectant in drinking water treatment and distribution systems globally. The optimization of chlorine dosage and scheduling in the distribution network is crucial to ensure water quality. This study introduces Bayesian optimization as a novel approach to optimize water quality in water distribution networks. The performance of different Bayesian optimization methods, including different acquisition functions and covariance kernels, was comprehensively analyzed. The results highlight the importance of choosing the appropriate acquisition function for optimization performance.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
M. F. R. Zuthi, F. Khan, Md. S. Z. Sajol, M. Kabir, N. M. E. Kaiser, M. S. Rahman, S. M. F. Hasan
Summary: The study utilizes the EPANET-THMs simulation model and an empirical model to predict the concentration of trihalomethanes (THMs) in the water distribution network of Chattogram city. The simulation results show that THMs concentrations range from 33 to 486 μg/L. The central zone of the service area is identified as the most vulnerable zone for potential carcinogenic health risk. These findings can be used for operational and regulatory purposes and raise awareness among the city's inhabitants. The combination of EPANET and an empirical model is an effective tool for predicting THMs concentration in water distribution networks in developing countries like Bangladesh, reducing the expenses of measuring THMs.
Article
Environmental Sciences
Gopinathan R. Abhijith, Avi Ostfeld
Summary: The present study aims to develop a new computer-based tool called EPANET-C to simplify water quality modeling of water distribution systems (WDS) and overcome challenges faced by EPANET-MSX. EPANET-C has the potential to become a standard tool in the field.
Article
Energy & Fuels
Joseph D. Pineda Sandoval, Bruno Melo Brentan, Gustavo Meirelles Lima, Daniel Hernandez Cervantes, Daniel A. Garcia Cervantes, Helena M. Ramos, Xitlali Delgado Galvan, Jose de Jesus Mora Rodriguez
Summary: This study focuses on optimizing the location and dosage schedule of Chlorine Booster Stations in a water distribution network to provide sufficient free residual chlorine while complying with regulatory standards, aiming to reduce chlorine consumption and its environmental impacts.
Article
Environmental Sciences
Uchit Sangroula, Kuk-Heon Han, Kang-Min Koo, Kapil Gnawali, Kyung-Taek Yum
Summary: Water distribution networks are crucial for providing consumers with sufficient water of appropriate quality, and the optimization of such networks has been extensively studied. This study presents an algorithm, SOP-WDN, which combines genetic algorithm with hydraulic simulation solver EPANET for optimal design of water distribution networks. The algorithm has been proven to produce consistently good results in benchmark optimization problems.
Article
Engineering, Multidisciplinary
Mohamed. A. Mabrok, Ahmad Saad, Taha Ahmed, Hamad Alsayab
Summary: As one of the highest water-risk ranked countries in the world, Kuwait urgently requires new advanced techniques and methodologies to optimize its water infrastructure. This study developed and analyzed an EPANET-based model for a selected area in Kuwait, evaluating the water quality, particularly the water age, and highlighting the dependence of water age and quality on occupation stages.
ALEXANDRIA ENGINEERING JOURNAL
(2022)
Article
Engineering, Environmental
Yumin Wang, Guangcan Zhu
Summary: This study proposed a model for the design, location, and operation of disinfection boosters. The model was solved by two linear sub-models. Experimental results showed that the booster injection rates, operational costs, and capital costs increased with the credibility levels. It was also found that the booster costs were higher under trapezoidal distribution compared to triangular distribution, except for the credibility level of 0.5. Additionally, increasing the maximum booster number led to a decrease in operational costs, an increase in capital costs, and the total costs may increase or decrease depending on the relative magnitude of operational costs to the total costs.
JOURNAL OF WATER PROCESS ENGINEERING
(2022)
Article
Computer Science, Information Systems
Bilal, Millie Pant, Vaclav Snasel
Summary: This study proposes a fuzzy C-means adaptive differential evolution (FCADE) algorithm to solve complex problems in water distribution networks (WDN). The algorithm, integrated with the simulation software EPANET, demonstrates strong solving capabilities.
Article
Engineering, Civil
Luis Henrique Magalhaes Costa, Gustavo Paiva Weyne Rodrigues
Summary: This article discusses a model for automatically generating EPANET input files based on the layout of streets designed in a CAD environment. By using binary images and algorithms, the model efficiently determines the positions of pipes and nodes within the streets.
WATER RESOURCES MANAGEMENT
(2021)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Gopinathan R. Abhijith, Leonid Kadinski, Avi Ostfeld
Summary: A mechanistic model describing the interrelationship between chlorine, total organic carbon (TOC), and bacteria in water distribution systems was developed to analyze water quality variations. Results showed that increasing free chlorine concentration and reducing TOC at the source can decrease bacterial activity but increase Trihalomethane (THM) formation. Model outputs are sensitive to operating conditions and network characteristics.
Article
Mathematics
Jimmy H. Gutierrez-Bahamondes, Daniel Mora-Melia, Bastian Valdivia-Munoz, Fabian Silva-Aravena, Pedro L. Iglesias-Rey
Summary: The design of pumping stations in a water distribution network is crucial in determining costs and optimizing network performance. However, current methodologies are not suitable for real-sized networks. To address this issue, a new method based on network preprocessing was proposed, which effectively reduces the search space and improves the performance of the optimization model.
Article
Green & Sustainable Science & Technology
Joana Costa, Elsa Mesquita, Filipa Ferreira, David Figueiredo, Maria Joao Rosa, Rui M. C. Viegas
Summary: This study implemented and calibrated a chlorine decay model using EPANET-MSX in a reclaimed water distribution system, incorporating both bulk and wall decays. The model was used as a support tool to diagnose the system's condition and manage its operation. Through simulated scenarios, the model allowed for predicting the appropriate chlorine dosing to maintain adequate monochloramine concentrations. These results have potential importance in supporting the operation and management of reclaimed water systems.
Article
Environmental Sciences
Cristina-Mihaela Virlan, Daniel Toma, Florian Statescu, Nicolae Marcoie, Costel-Catalin Prajanu
Summary: The distribution network is crucial in ensuring potable water supply to consumers, with the presence of chlorine being essential for microbiological compliance. By modeling water quality, it is possible to optimize the dosage of free residual chlorine for better disinfection.
ENVIRONMENTAL ENGINEERING AND MANAGEMENT JOURNAL
(2021)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Stelios G. Vrachimis, Demetrios G. Eliades, Marios M. Polycarpou
Summary: The study proposes a method for calculating chlorine concentration bounds at node locations in water distribution networks, which can be used for sensor fault and contamination detection. The Backtracking Uncertainty Bounding Algorithm (BUBA) considers known bounds on hydraulic states and water-quality model parameters to calculate reliable chlorine concentration bounds, with validation through Monte Carlo simulations.
WATER RESOURCES RESEARCH
(2021)
Article
Water Resources
Veli Batmaz, Necati Kayaalp
Summary: The increasing population and pollution of water resources have led to a greater need for water worldwide, necessitating the construction of new water distribution systems and rehabilitation of existing ones. By optimizing pipeline systems, the cost of water supply can be reduced. This study successfully optimized the pipe diameters of three networks using a combination of two metaheuristic algorithms, and also achieved the optimization of a Combined Gravity Network for the first time in the literature.
URBAN WATER JOURNAL
(2023)