Journal
PLANTA
Volume 250, Issue 2, Pages 413-425Publisher
SPRINGER
DOI: 10.1007/s00425-019-03219-x
Keywords
Phytophthora; Effectors; Plant immune system components; Interaction; Network
Categories
Funding
- Fundamental Research Funds for the Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences [1610232016018]
- Agricultural Science and Technology Innovation Program of the Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences [ASTIP-TRIC04]
- China National Tobacco Corp.
- Yunnan Science and Technology Project: Construction of Tobacco Genome Breeding Platform [2017YN05]
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Main conclusionThis article provides an overview of the interactions between Phytophthora effectors and plant immune system components, which form a cross-linked complex network that regulates plant pathogen resistance.AbstractPathogens secrete numerous effector proteins into plants to promote infections. Several Phytophthora species (e.g., P. infestans, P. ramorum, P. sojae, P. capsici, P. cinnamomi, and P. parasitica) are notorious pathogens that are extremely damaging to susceptible plants. Analyses of genomic data revealed that Phytophthora species produce a large group of effector proteins, which are critical for pathogenesis. And, the targets and functions of many identified Phytophthora effectors have been investigated. Phytophthora effectors can affect various aspects of plant immune systems, including plant cell proteases, phytohormones, RNAs, the MAPK pathway, catalase, the ubiquitin proteasome pathway, the endoplasmic reticulum, NB-LRR proteins, and the cell membrane. Clarifying the effector-plant interactions is important for unravelling the functions of Phytophthora effectors during pathogenesis. In this article, we review the effectors identified in recent decades and provide an overview of the effector-directed regulatory network in plants following infections by Phytophthora species.
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