Journal
PHYSICS-USPEKHI
Volume 63, Issue 4, Pages 342-364Publisher
TURPION LTD
DOI: 10.3367/UFNe.2019.06.038581
Keywords
high-energy ball milling; nanopowders; nonstoichiometry; carbides; oxides; nanoparticle size; anisotropy of microstrains; X-ray and neutron diffraction
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Funding
- Russian Science Foundation through the Institute of Solid-State Chemistry of the Ural Branch of the RAS [19-73-20012]
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The preparation of nanocrystalline powders of nonstoichiometric compounds such as carbides and oxides by high-energy milling is considered. The modern state of milling models for nonstoichiometric compounds is described. The influence of nonstoichiometry on the particle size of the produced nanopowders is discussed. The model dependences of the size of nanopowder particles on the duration of milling and the composition of nonstoichiometric compounds are compared with the literature experimental results on the milling of nonstoichiometric carbides and oxides. Diffraction methods for the certification of nanopowders according to the size of the nanoparticles, the magnitude of microstrains, and the uniformity of the microstructure are considered in detail. The importance of taking into account the anisotropy of microstrains in milled nanopowders is shown.
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