Article
Psychology, Multidisciplinary
Tian Lin, Didem Pehlivanoglu, Maryam Ziaei, Peiwei Liu, Adam J. Woods, David Feifel, Hakan Fischer, Natalie C. Ebner
Summary: The study found that older adults show dampened response to faces with lower trustworthiness compared to young adults, supporting the idea of reduced sensitivity to cues of untrustworthiness in aging. Additionally, the results extend evidence of an age-related positivity effect to the evaluation of face trustworthiness.
FRONTIERS IN PSYCHOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Psychology, Developmental
Michael S. Gaffrey, Deanna M. Barch, Joan L. Luby, Steven E. Petersen
Summary: The study found that right amygdala-medial PFC functional connectivity is positively associated with child emotion regulation ability, negatively associated with child negative affect, and negatively associated with right amygdala reactivity to facial expressions of emotion. Right amygdala-mPFC functional connectivity also statistically mediated the relationship between heightened right amygdala reactivity and elevated child negative affect, suggesting an important role in early emotional development.
JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN ACADEMY OF CHILD AND ADOLESCENT PSYCHIATRY
(2021)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Byung-Hoon Kim, Min-Kyeong Kim, Hye-Jeong Jo, Jae-Jin Kim
Summary: Social anxiety is prevalent among young adults, and machine learning models using brain functional radiomic features can successfully predict its level.
SCIENTIFIC REPORTS
(2022)
Article
Immunology
Johnna R. Swartz, Angelica F. Carranza, Annchen R. Knodt, Michael R. Irwin, Camelia E. Hostinar
Summary: This study examined the association between peripheral inflammation and amygdala activity and connectivity in adolescents. The results showed that peripheral inflammation was associated with increased amygdala activity to emotional face stimuli and reduced connectivity with occipital and parietal regions. These findings enhance our understanding of the relationship between peripheral inflammation and neural response to emotional faces in adolescents.
BRAIN BEHAVIOR AND IMMUNITY
(2022)
Article
Neurosciences
Edmund T. Rolls, Gustavo Deco, Chu-Chung Huang, Jianfeng Feng
Summary: The amygdala and orbitofrontal cortex are involved in emotion. Through experiments on 171 humans from the Human Connectome Project, it was found that the human amygdala has fewer effective connections with cortical regions compared to the orbitofrontal cortex. It is proposed that the amygdala is primarily involved in autonomic and conditioned responses, rather than declarative emotion.
PROGRESS IN NEUROBIOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Neurosciences
Olivia K. Harrison, Xavier Guell, Miriam C. Klein-Flugge, Robert L. Barry
Summary: Mapping the connectivity of the central nervous system has been a key focus in neuroimaging research, with a recent shift towards exploring subcortical structures beyond traditional cortical investigations. Advances in neuroimaging technology now allow for better signal and resolution for studying these structures, although challenges and limitations still exist. Recommendations and considerations have been put forward for mapping brain connectivity beyond the cortex.
Article
Neurosciences
Yimeng Zeng, Fuxiang Tao, Zaixu Cui, Liyun Wu, Jiahua Xu, Wenshan Dong, Chao Liu, Zhi Yang, Shaozheng Qin
Summary: The study identified two distinct dynamic states of intrinsic connectivity patterns based on BLA and CMA using fMRI and K-means clustering in two groups of young healthy individuals. Higher skin conductance level was found in the integration state compared to the segregation state in another dataset. Additionally, machine learning analysis revealed that the time-varying BLA and CMA intrinsic connectivity patterns had higher predictive values for fluctuations in skin conductance level in the integration state.
Article
Neurosciences
Yan Xu, Xing Zhang, Ziliang Xiang, Qing Wang, Xinfei Huang, Tao Liu, Zhaoxu Yang, Yun Chen, Jianguo Xue, Jianhuai Chen, Jie Yang
Summary: This study investigated the brain functional connectivity of premature ejaculation patients using functional magnetic resonance imaging, finding a close relationship between emotional stability and functional connectivity in brain regions. Increased connectivity between the left amygdala and left medial superior frontal gyrus may reflect a compensatory cortical control mechanism that stabilizes emotions in premature ejaculation patients.
FRONTIERS IN NEUROSCIENCE
(2021)
Article
Psychology, Clinical
Janik Goltermann, Nils Ralf Winter, Susanne Meinert, Lisa Sindermann, Hannah Lemke, Elisabeth J. Leehr, Dominik Grotegerd, Alexandra Winter, Katharina Thiel, Lena Waltemate, Fabian Breuer, Jonathan Repple, Marius Gruber, Maike Richter, Vanessa Teckentrup, Nils B. Kroemer, Katharina Brosch, Tina Meller, Julia-Katharina Pfarr, Kai Gustav Ringwald, Frederike Stein, Walter Heindel, Andreas Jansen, Tilo Kircher, Igor Nenadic, Udo Dannlowski, Nils Opel, Tim Hahn
Summary: This large-scale study found that most of the previous resting-state connectivity correlates of childhood maltreatment could not be replicated. The strongest evidence was found for clinically relevant maltreatment associations with altered adult amygdala-dorsolateral frontal connectivity in depression. Future studies should explore the relevance of this pathway for a maltreated subgroup of MDD patients.
PSYCHOLOGICAL MEDICINE
(2023)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Feng Zhou, Weihua Zhao, Ziyu Qi, Yayuan Geng, Shuxia Yao, Keith M. Kendrick, Tor D. Wager, Benjamin Becker
Summary: The study developed a neural signature for predicting subjective fear using fMRI and machine learning, showing the crucial role of distributed brain systems in accurate fear prediction. The findings suggest that the neural representation of subjective fear differs from conditioned threat and general negative affect.
NATURE COMMUNICATIONS
(2021)
Article
Neurosciences
Wei Gao, Bharat Biswal, ShengDong Chen, XinRan Wu, JiaJin Yuan
Summary: Functional couplings between the orbitofrontal cortex (OFC) and the basolateral amygdala (BLA) are associated with both dispositional and actual uses of cognitive reappraisal, while coupling between the dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (dlPFC) and the centromedial amygdala (CMA) are associated with suppression. The coupling of the right OFC-BLA partially mediates the association between reappraisal and emotional response.
Review
Neurosciences
Raphael Underwood, Eva Tolmeijer, Johannes Wibroe, Emmanuelle Peters, Liam Mason
Summary: Existing models of emotion processing mainly rely on brain activation data, but assumptions about network connectivity need to be integrated. Studies on effective connectivity reveal context-dependent dynamic modulatory relationships, challenging purely top-down regulatory models.
Article
Immunology
Johnna R. Swartz, Angelica F. Carranza, Laura M. Tully, Annchen R. Knodt, Janina Jiang, Michael R. Irwin, Camelia E. Hostinar
Summary: The study found associations between peripheral inflammation and adolescent brain connectivity, with higher TNF-α levels linked to changes in neural network connections. Associations with IL-6 and CRP were not significant, suggesting that inflammation may have unique effects on brain connectivity during adolescence.
BRAIN BEHAVIOR AND IMMUNITY
(2021)
Article
Geriatrics & Gerontology
Nathan M. Petro, Ruby Basyouni, Maital Neta
Summary: Older adults exhibit greater amygdala activity towards positive emotions compared to younger adults, and tend to interpret emotionally ambiguous stimuli as positive. Amygdala habituation in older adults is associated with the tendency to interpret surprised faces as positive or negative, with a more positive bias linked to greater habituation. Interestingly, older adults show faster categorizations of positivity compared to younger adults, suggesting a shift towards a primacy of positivity with aging.
NEUROBIOLOGY OF AGING
(2021)
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Daniel S. Quintana, Alexander Lischke, Sally Grace, Dirk Scheele, Yina Ma, Benjamin Becker
Summary: Recent advances in human and animal research provide converging evidence for functionally relevant effects of intranasal oxytocin administration, supporting the idea that direct nose-to-brain delivery underlies the behavioral effects of oxytocin on social cognition and behavior. Furthermore, discussions on previously debated methodological issues, such as pre-registration, reproducibility, statistical power, interpretation of non-significant results, dosage, and sex differences, are integrated with suggestions for the next steps in translating intranasal oxytocin into psychiatric applications.
MOLECULAR PSYCHIATRY
(2021)
Article
Neurosciences
Kristoffer N. T. Mansson, Leonhard Waschke, Amirhossein Manzouri, Tomas Furmark, Hakan Fischer, Douglas D. Garrett
Summary: Task-based brain signal variability has been found to be the most reliable indicator for predicting treatment outcomes of psychiatric disorders, outperforming self-reports and other neural measures. This suggests that moment-to-moment fMRI signal variability may serve as a prognostic indicator for clinical outcomes.
BIOLOGICAL PSYCHIATRY
(2022)
Article
Neurosciences
Gaia Olivo, Martin Lovden, Amirhossein Manzouri, Laura Terlau, Bo Jenner, Arian Jafari, Sven Petersson, Tie-Qiang Li, Hakan Fischer, Kristoffer N. T. Mansson
Summary: Skill learning induces changes in estimates of gray matter volume in the human brain, which are related to fluctuations in arterial blood flow but cannot be fully explained by simultaneous BOLD signals. These sensitive and behavior-related changes pose new questions for studying brain plasticity.
Review
Cell Biology
Aleksi M. Huuha, Cecilie S. Norevik, Jose Bianco N. Moreira, Asgeir Kobro-Flatmoen, Nathan Scrimgeour, Miia Kivipelto, Henriette Van Praag, Maryam Ziaei, Sigrid Botne Sando, Ulrik Wisloff, Atefe R. Tari
Summary: Alzheimer's disease is the most common cause of dementia with no cure currently available. Physical inactivity contributes to a significant portion of AD cases worldwide, but exercise has shown beneficial effects on brain plasticity and cognitive functions, as well as improvements in AD pathology in animal studies. The mechanisms behind these effects are mainly associated with exercise performance and cardiorespiratory fitness, as well as exercise-induced molecules of peripheral origin. Since exercise affects the whole body, there is unlikely to be a single therapeutic target that can mimic all the benefits of exercise, but systemic strategies may convey broad therapeutic effects in AD patients.
AGEING RESEARCH REVIEWS
(2022)
Article
Geriatrics & Gerontology
Didem Pehlivanoglu, Tian Lin, Nichole R. Lighthall, Amber Heemskerk, Alexandria Harber, Robert C. Wilson, Gary R. Turner, R. Nathan Spreng, Natalie C. Ebner
Summary: This study investigates the influences of perceiver age, facial age, and facial emotion on facial trustworthiness perception. The results show that young faces are perceived as the most trustworthy, while older faces are seen as the least trustworthy, particularly by middle-aged and older perceivers. Facial emotions signaling threat moderate the age effects on facial trustworthiness perception.
JOURNALS OF GERONTOLOGY SERIES B-PSYCHOLOGICAL SCIENCES AND SOCIAL SCIENCES
(2023)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Roni Setton, Laetitia Mwilambwe-Tshilobo, Signy Sheldon, Gary R. Turner, R. Nathan Spreng
Summary: Recollection of personal past, or autobiographical memory (AM), varies across individuals and the life span, and is associated with functional brain networks. Older adults showed lower connectivity within certain brain regions but greater connectivity with the default network compared to younger adults. The connectivity patterns were related to specific types of memories.
PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA
(2022)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Jixing Li, Shohini Bhattasali, Shulin Zhang, Berta Franzluebbers, Wen-Ming Luh, R. Nathan Spreng, Jonathan R. Brennan, Yiming Yang, Christophe Pallier, John Hale
Summary: This study presents the Le Petit Prince fMRI Corpus (LPPC-fMRI), a multilingual resource for cognitive neuroscience research on speech and language. The corpus includes fMRI data of English, Chinese, and French speakers listening to the same audiobook, as well as time-aligned speech annotations and word-by-word predictors. The dataset is of high quality and can facilitate cross-linguistic comparisons in language processing.
Article
Computer Science, Software Engineering
Yuriy Brun, Tian Lin, Jessie Elise Somerville, Elisha M. Myers, Natalie Ebner
Summary: Blindspots in APIs can lead to vulnerabilities and are common. Using APIs with blindspots reduces developers' ability to reason about them, especially in Python. Interestingly, Python developers are less likely to notice vulnerabilities in complex code, while Java developers are more careful with complex code but more careless with simple code. Long-term memory recall improves developers' ability to reason about APIs with blindspots, but other memory factors have no effect. Experience and expertise do not help in recognizing blindspots, and personality traits only affect the ability to reason about Java APIs with blindspots. Overall, tools are needed to help developers recognize blindspots in APIs as they write code.
ACM TRANSACTIONS ON SOFTWARE ENGINEERING AND METHODOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Clinical Neurology
Guy M. Goodwin, Scott T. Aaronson, Oscar Alvarez, Merve Atli, James C. Bennett, Megan Croal, Charles DeBattista, Boadie W. Dunlop, David Feifel, David J. Hellerstein, Muhammad Ishrat Husain, John R. Kelly, Molly R. Lennard-Jones, Rasmus W. Licht, Lindsey Marwood, Sunil Mistry, Tomas Palenicek, Ozlem Redjep, Dimitris Repantis, Robert A. Schoevers, Batya Septimus, Hollie J. Simmons, Jair C. Soares, Metten Somers, Susan C. Stansfield, Jessica R. Stuart, Hannah H. Tadley, Nisha K. Thiara, Joyce Tsai, Mourad Wahba, Sam Williams, Rachel I. Winzer, Allan H. Young, Matthew B. Young, Sid Zisook, Ekaterina Malievskaia
Summary: This study explores the efficacy of COMP360, a synthetic formulation of psilocybin, in treating treatment-resistant depression (TRD). Results show that a single dose of psilocybin at 25 mg and 10 mg can significantly improve symptoms of depression. This study expands on previous research on the use of psilocybin in treating TRD.
JOURNAL OF AFFECTIVE DISORDERS
(2023)
Article
Medicine, Research & Experimental
Abraham Zangen, Samuel Zibman, Aron Tendler, Noam Barnea-Ygael, Uri Alyagon, Daniel M. Blumberger, Geoffrey Grammer, Hadar Shalev, Tatiana Gulevski, Tanya Vapnik, Alexander Bystritsky, Igor Filipcic, David Feifel, Ahava Stein, Frederic Deutsch, Yiftach Roth, Mark S. George
Summary: This study investigates whether targeting the medial prefrontal cortex (MPFC) using the H7 coil in deep transcranial magnetic stimulation (Deep TMS) is noninferior to targeting the lateral prefrontal cortex (LPFC) using the H1 coil. The results show that both techniques have similar clinical efficacy and safety profiles, and electrical brain activity measured by EEG correlates with clinical outcomes.
Article
Neurosciences
Laetitia Mwilambwe-Tshilobo, Roni Setton, Danilo Bzdok, Gary R. R. Turner, R. Nathan Spreng
Summary: This study investigates the impact of age on the functional connectivity associated with loneliness and empathic responding using neuroimaging techniques. The results show that there are age-related differences in the functional connectivity of loneliness and empathic responding, suggesting that age may influence social and cognitive functions in the brain. The findings suggest that loneliness is associated with the integration of visual and association networks in younger adults, while empathic responding is associated with the integration of visual and association networks in both age groups. These results highlight the involvement of different neurocognitive processes in social experiences across the lifespan of humans.
NETWORK NEUROSCIENCE
(2023)
Review
Health Care Sciences & Services
Catherine Paquet, Jocelyne Whitehead, Rishabh Shah, Alayne Mary Adams, Damion Dooley, R. Nathan Spreng, Anna-Liisa Aunio, Laurette Dube
Summary: Social prescription programs aim to link primary care patients with community resources to improve their well-being. This study integrates scientific evidence with on-the-ground knowledge to develop an extensive list of intervention terms and keywords related to reducing social isolation and loneliness in older adults. The findings highlight effective intervention types and the need for efficient identification and structuring of resources to facilitate referrals for older adults.
JOURNAL OF MEDICAL INTERNET RESEARCH
(2023)
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Shanshan Xiao, Natalie C. Ebner, Amirhossein Manzouri, Tie-Qiang Li, Diana S. Cortes, Kristoffer N. T. Mansson, Hakan Fischer
Summary: The mechanisms through which intranasal oxytocin affects the brain are not fully understood, but recent research suggests that brain regions with a higher density of oxytocin receptors may play a key role. This study used resting-state fMRI to investigate the effects of intranasal oxytocin administration on connectivity between these receptor-enriched regions and other regions in the brain, and found that the effects varied depending on the age of the participants.
PSYCHONEUROENDOCRINOLOGY
(2024)
Article
Psychology, Clinical
Tobias Janelt, Tobias Altmann, R. Nathan Spreng, Marcus Roth
Summary: The study aimed to validate the German version of the TEQ and contribute empirical evidence to the debate on its singular versus multidimensional factor structure. The results showed that TEQ has a unidimensional factor structure and demonstrated sufficient internal consistency, test-retest reliability, one-year stability, as well as convergent and discriminant validity with measures of empathy, emotion recognition, emotion regulation, altruism, social desirability, and the Big Five personality traits.
JOURNAL OF PERSONALITY ASSESSMENT
(2023)
Article
Clinical Neurology
Alfie Wearn, Lars Lau Raket, D. Louis Collins, R. Nathan Spreng
Summary: Early detection of Alzheimer's disease is crucial for preventive treatment strategies. Texture analysis of the hippocampus can detect microstructural changes before cognitive impairment occurs, providing additional information beyond hippocampal volume for predicting future cognitive decline.
BRAIN COMMUNICATIONS
(2023)
Article
Psychology, Mathematical
Amber W. W. Lockrow, Roni Setton, Karen A. P. Spreng, Signy Sheldon, Gary R. R. Turner, R. Nathan Spreng
Summary: Autobiographical Interview (AI) is a performance-based assessment that quantifies the episodic and semantic features of recalled and verbally conveyed prior experiences. This study investigated the reliability, validity, association to individual differences measures, and factor structure of the AI in healthy younger and older adults. The AI demonstrated strong reliability, validity, and a two-factor structure, and showed correlations with standard measures of episodic memory.
BEHAVIOR RESEARCH METHODS
(2023)
Article
Geriatrics & Gerontology
Sarah N. Kraeutner, Cristina Rubino, Jennifer K. Ferris, Shie Rinat, Lauren Penko, Larissa Chiu, Brian Greeley, Christina B. Jones, Beverley C. Larssen, Lara A. Boyd
Summary: This study examined the age-related changes in brain function and baseline brain structure that support motor skill acquisition. The findings showed that older adults experienced decreases in functional connectivity during motor skill acquisition, while younger adults experienced increases. Additionally, regardless of age group, lower baseline microstructure in a frontoparietal tract was associated with slower motor skill acquisition.
NEUROBIOLOGY OF AGING
(2024)
Article
Geriatrics & Gerontology
Karen Nuytemans, Farid Rajabli, Melissa Jean-Francois, Jiji Thulaseedhara Kurup, Larry D. Adams, Takiyah D. Starks, Patrice L. Whitehead, Brian W. Kunkle, Allison Caban-Holt, Jonathan L. Haines, Michael L. Cuccaro, Jeffery M. Vance, Goldie S. Byrd, Gary W. Beecham, Christiane Reitz, Margaret A. Pericak-Vance
Summary: This study conducted genetic research on African American AD families and identified a significant linkage signal associated with AD, highlighting the importance of diverse population-level genetic data in understanding the genetic determinants of AD.
NEUROBIOLOGY OF AGING
(2024)
Article
Geriatrics & Gerontology
Kazuya Suwabe, Ryuta Kuwamizu, Kazuki Hyodo, Toru Yoshikawa, Takeshi Otsuki, Asako Zempo-Miyaki, Michael A. Yassa, Hideaki Soya
Summary: Physical exercise has a positive impact on hippocampal memory decline with aging. Recent studies have shown that even light exercise can improve memory and this improvement is mediated by the ascending arousal system. This study aimed to investigate the effects of light-intensity exercise on hippocampal memory function in healthy older adults and found that pupil dilation during exercise played a role in the memory improvement.
NEUROBIOLOGY OF AGING
(2024)
Article
Geriatrics & Gerontology
Ajay Sood, Ana Werneck Capuano, Robert Smith Wilson, Lisa Laverne Barnes, Alifiya Kapasi, David Alan Bennett, Zoe Arvanitakis
Summary: The objective of this study was to explore the impact of metformin on cognition and brain pathology. The results showed that metformin users had slower decline in global cognition, episodic memory, and semantic memory compared to non-users. However, the relationship between metformin use and certain brain pathology remains uncertain.
NEUROBIOLOGY OF AGING
(2024)
Article
Geriatrics & Gerontology
Brian N. Lee, Junwen Wang, Molly A. Hall, Dokyoon Kim, Shana D. Stites, Li Shen
Summary: Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a neurodegenerative disorder characterized by memory and functional impairments. This study analyzed participants from the Alzheimer's Disease Neuroimaging Initiative and found differential associations between cerebral spinal fluid (CSF)/neuroimaging biomarkers and cognitive/functional outcomes, as well as variations between sexes. These findings suggest that sex differences may play a role in the development of AD.
NEUROBIOLOGY OF AGING
(2024)
Article
Geriatrics & Gerontology
Madeline R. Hale, Rebecca Langhough, Lianlian Du, Bruce P. Hermann, Carol A. Van Hulle, Margherita Carboni, Gwendlyn Kollmorgenj, Kristin E. Basche, Davide Bruno, Leah Sanson-Miles, Erin M. Jonaitis, Nathaniel A. Chin, Ozioma C. Okonkwo, Barbara B. Bendlin, Cynthia M. Carlsson, Henrik Zetterberg, Kaj Blennow, Tobey J. Betthauser, Sterling C. Johnson, Kimberly D. Mueller
Summary: This study demonstrates a relationship between cerebrospinal fluid biomarkers and the ability to recall proper names in the preclinical phase of Alzheimer's disease.
NEUROBIOLOGY OF AGING
(2024)
Article
Geriatrics & Gerontology
Thomas T. Austin, Christian L. Thomas, Ben Warren
Summary: This study investigated the effects of age on the robustness and resilience of auditory system using the desert locust. The researchers found that gene expression changes were mainly influenced by age rather than noise exposure. Both young and aged locusts were able to recover their auditory nerve function within 48 hours of noise exposure, but the recovery of transduction current magnitude was impaired in aged locusts. Key genes responsible for robustness to noise exposure in young locusts and potential candidates for compensatory mechanisms in auditory neurons of aged locusts were identified.
NEUROBIOLOGY OF AGING
(2024)