4.6 Article

TiO2-ZrO2 membranes of controlled pore sizes with different Ti/Zr ratios for nanofiltration

Journal

JOURNAL OF SOL-GEL SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY
Volume 92, Issue 1, Pages 12-24

Publisher

SPRINGER
DOI: 10.1007/s10971-019-05075-3

Keywords

Sol-gel; TiO2-ZrO2 membrane; Ti; Zr molar ratios; Nanofiltration; Water permeability

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TiO2-ZrO2 colloidal and polymeric sols were successfully prepared using the sol-gel method. The effects of aging and Ti/Zr molar ratios on TiO2-ZrO2 sols and powders were investigated. The particle size of colloidal sols was decreased with an increase in aging time, while the particle size of the polymeric sols increased. TiO2-ZrO2 polymeric sols with Ti/Zr molar ratios that varied from 10/0 to 0/10 showed an increase particle size with an increase in the Zr-content. In addition, TiO2-ZrO2 powders derived from colloidal sols had a crystalline structure even without firing. With firing at temperatures that approached 500 degrees C, however, TiO2-ZrO2 powders derived from polymeric sols had a structure that was more amorphous than that of pure TiO2 and ZrO2 powders, but the most amorphous structure was achieved at a Ti/Zr molar ratio of 5/5. TiO2-ZrO2 nanofiltration (NF) membranes, which were prepared by coating colloidal and polymeric sols onto alpha-Al2O3 porous supports, showed an average pore size and molecular weight cut-offs (MWCOs) in the NF range. Average pore size, N-2 permeance, water permeability (L-p), and MWCOs of the membranes were generally decreased with an increase in ZrO2 content with an optimum addition of ZrO2 that approached an equimolar composition. TiO2-ZrO2 (9/1, 7/3, 5/5) membranes showed a relatively low MWCO and a moderate L-p, which suggested that these membranes would be good for nanofiltration. [GRAPHICS] .

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