Article
Immunology
Zhong-Yin Li, Rosemary E. Morman, Emma Hegermiller, Mengxi Sun, Elizabeth T. Bartom, Mark Maienschein-Cline, Mikael Sigvardsson, Barbara L. Kee
Summary: ID2, a transcriptional regulatory protein expressed in NK cells, supports NK cell effector maturation by controlling the expression of TCF1. TCF1 promotes immature NK cell expansion and restrains differentiation, but its excessive expression in ID2-deficient NK cells blocks maturation and alters receptor expression. These findings highlight the importance of ID2 in regulating TCF1 levels during NK cell development to balance immature and terminally differentiated cells.
JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE
(2021)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Wenshu Luo, Matteo Egger, Andor Domonkos, Lin Que, David Lukacsovich, Natalia Andrea Cruz-Ochoa, Szilard Szocs, Charlotte Seng, Antonia Arszovszki, Eszter Sipos, Irmgard Amrein, Jochen Winterer, Tamas Lukacsovich, Janos Szabadics, David P. Wolfer, Csaba Varga, Csaba Foldy
Summary: The study found that ectopic expression of Id2 in granule cells of adult mice can drive mossy fiber sprouting, leading to the formation of a new synaptic circuit. These mice performed equally well as controls in solving spatial problems, but appeared to rely more on local rather than global spatial cues.
PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA
(2021)
Article
Immunology
Paul M. Tyler, Molly L. Bucklin, Mengting Zhao, Timothy J. Maher, Andrew J. Rice, Weizhen Ji, Neil Warner, Jie Pan, Raffaella Morotti, Paul McCarthy, Anne Griffiths, Annemarie M. C. van Rossum, Iris H. I. M. Hollink, Virgil A. S. H. Dalm, Jason Catanzaro, Saquib A. Lakhani, Aleixo M. Muise, Carrie L. Lucas
Summary: Loss-of-function variants in the X-linked ETS transcription factor ELF4 were found in multiple unrelated male patients with early onset mucosal autoinflammation and inflammatory bowel disease (IBD)-like features. ELF4 restricts inflammation and protects against mucosal disease, highlighting its potential translational relevance for human inflammatory disorders such as IBD.
Article
Immunology
Hyon-Xhi Tan, Jennifer A. Juno, Robyn Esterbauer, Hannah G. Kelly, Kathleen M. Wragg, Penny Konstandopoulos, Sheilajen Alcantara, Carolina Alvarado, Robert Jones, Graham Starkey, Boa Zhong Wang, Osamu Yoshino, Thomas Tiang, M. Lindsay Grayson, Helen Opdam, Rohit D'Costa, Angela Vago, Laura K. Mackay, Claire L. Gordon, David Masopust, Joanna R. Groom, Stephen J. Kent, Adam K. Wheatley
Summary: Recent studies have found that memory B cells can reside in inflamed tissues for a long time. This study characterized tissue-resident memory B cells in the lungs of mice after influenza infection and discovered that the mechanisms underlying their localization may be evolutionarily conserved.
SCIENCE IMMUNOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Oncology
In-Young Jung, Robert L. Bartoszek, Andrew J. Rech, Sierra M. Collins, Soon-Keat Ooi, Erik F. Williams, Caitlin R. Hopkins, Vivek Narayan, Naomi B. Haas, Noelle V. Frey, Elizabeth O. Hexner, Donald L. Siegel, Gabriela Plesa, David L. Porter, Adrian Cantu, John K. Everett, Sonia Guedan, Shelley L. Berger, Frederic D. Bushman, Friederike Herbst, Joseph A. Friederike
Summary: CAR T cell therapy has shown potential in treating hematologic cancers but is limited in solid tumors. Chronic stimulation of CAR T cells propagates inhibitory type I interferon signaling, hindering antitumor function. Knocking out the EGR2 transcriptional regulator improves CAR T cell efficacy and blocks interferon-induced dysfunction. The gene signature of EGR2 is a biomarker for CAR T cell failure and patient survival. Modulating CAR T cell-intrinsic resistance is crucial for improving therapy outcomes.
Review
Immunology
Leandro Barros, Cristina Ferreira, Marc Veldhoen
Summary: T cells located in non-lymphoid tissues, including CD8(+) Trm cells and CD4(+) Treg cells, have functions beyond immune defence, involving tissue homeostasis and repair. They form a multicellular communication network and have potential implications for future therapies.
MUCOSAL IMMUNOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Immunology
Jayati Basu, Andre Olsson, Kyle Ferchen, Elizaveta K. Titerina, Kashish Chetal, Emmanuelle Nicolas, Philip Czyzewicz, Dmitry Levchenko, Lu Ge, Xiang Hua, H. Leighton Grimes, Nathan Salomonis, Dietmar J. Kappes
Summary: Basu et al. discovered that the transcription factor ThPOK plays a crucial role in myeloid lineage commitment, differentiation, and maturation. It is not only expressed in T cells but also in myeloid cell progenitors, and influences the choice between monocyte-dendritic cells and neutrophils. ThPOK controls granulocyte lineage production, acts as a brake for neutrophil maturation, and regulates lineage-specific transcription factors and RNA through altered messenger RNA splicing.
Article
Immunology
Charles Kyriakos Vorkas, Chirag Krishna, Kelin Li, Jeffrey Aube, Daniel W. Fitzgerald, Linas Mazutis, Christina S. Leslie, Michael S. Glickman
Summary: This study provides an integrated single-cell transcriptomic analysis of human MAIT cells, revealing their phenotypic and functional heterogeneity and complex roles in health and disease. The study shows that MAIT cells exhibit a wide range of phenotypes, including homeostatic, effector, helper, tissue-infiltrating, regulatory, and exhausted phenotypes, with distinct gene expression programs associated with CD4(+) or CD8(+) coexpression. Early activation of MAIT cells leads to the rapid adoption of a cytotoxic phenotype, while prolonged stimulation induces heterogeneous states defined by proliferation, cytotoxicity, immune modulation, and exhaustion. Furthermore, a subset of MAIT cells expressing FOXP3, resembling conventional regulatory T cells, was identified. The presence of MAIT cell subpopulations in individuals recently exposed to Mycobacterium tuberculosis confirms their role during human infection. This study provides important insights into the functional heterogeneity of MAIT cells and their potential implications in immune responses and disease development.
JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Immunology
Noam Kadouri, Tal Givony, Shir Nevo, Joschka Hey, Shifra Ben Dor, Golda Damari, Bareket Dassa, Jan Dobes, Dieter Weichenhan, Marion Bahr, Michelle Paulsen, Rebecca Haffner-Krausz, Marcus A. Mall, Christoph Plass, Yael Goldfarb, Jakub Abramson
Summary: This study reveals the importance of FOXN1 in the development of thymic epithelial cells and hair follicle cells, and identifies key regulatory regions and transcription factors involved in its expression.
SCIENCE IMMUNOLOGY
(2022)
Review
Cell Biology
Yuanjie Ding, Yuanchun Yao, Xingmu Gong, Qi Zhuo, Jinhua Chen, Miao Tian, Maryam Farzaneh
Summary: JMJD3 is a key histone demethylase that regulates H3K27me3 and plays a crucial role in stem cell fate determination during the process of cell reprogramming.
CELL COMMUNICATION AND SIGNALING
(2021)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Zhihong Qi, Fang Wang, Guotao Yu, Di Wang, Yingpeng Yao, Menghao You, Jingjing Liu, Juanjuan Liu, Zhen Sun, Ce Ji, Yuanchao Xue, Shuyang Yu
Summary: This study reveals a crucial role of serine/arginine-rich splicing factor 1 (SRSF1) in regulating thymocyte maturation by controlling gene networks involved in differentiation, proliferation, apoptosis, and interferon signaling pathway. Deletion of SRSF1 results in severe defects in thymocyte development, affecting the maturation and migration of T cells in the thymus.
Article
Immunology
Takuya Sato, Youichi Ogawa, Kazunori Yokoi, Yuka Nagasaka, Aoha Ishikawa, Ichiro Shiokawa, Manao Kinoshita, Rei Watanabe, Shinji Shimada, Atsushi Tanaka, Akira Momosawa, Tatsuyoshi Kawamura
Summary: The study found that immune-suppressive Tregs with the ability to suppress the proliferation of other resident memory T cells are present in the normal, noninflamed human epidermis and mucosal epithelia.
FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Margaret A. Potts, Shinsuke Mizutani, Alexandra L. Garnham, Connie S. N. Li Wai Suen, Andrew J. Kueh, Lin Tai, Martin Pal, Andreas Strasser, Marco J. Herold
Summary: Many lymphoid malignancies result from abnormal c-MYC expression along with other genetic abnormalities. While many of these genetic abnormalities have been discovered, there may still be others that have not been investigated. In this study, TFAP4 was identified as a suppressor of c-MYC driven lymphoma development. Deletion of TFAP4 accelerated lymphoma development and blocked differentiation during early B cell development.
CELL DEATH AND DIFFERENTIATION
(2023)
Review
Immunology
Ariella Glasner, George Plitas
Summary: The immune system provides strong defense mechanisms against pathogens, but inadequate regulatory control can lead to various inflammatory disorders, including cancer. Treg cells play an important role in the tumor microenvironment, promoting tumor development by suppressing anti-tumor immune responses.
SEMINARS IN IMMUNOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Immunology
Beatrice Zitti, Elena Hoffer, Wenning Zheng, Ram Vinay Pandey, Heinrich Schlums, Giovanna Perinetti Casoni, Irene Fusi, Lien Nguyen, Jaanika Karner, Efthymia Kokkinou, Anna Carrasco, Jessica Gahm, Marcus Ehrstrom, Staffan Happaniemi, Asa V. Keita, Charlotte R. H. Hedin, Jenny Mjosberg, Liv Eidsmo, Yenan T. Bryceson
Summary: The integrin CD49a is a marker for highly cytotoxic epidermal-tissue-resident memory (TRM) cells, with enrichment of RUNT family transcription-factor-binding motifs and high expression of RUNX2 and RUNX3 proteins. Clonal overlap was observed between epidermal CD8+CD103+CD49a+ TRM cells and circulating memory CD8+CD45RA-CD62L+ T cells. Stimulation of circulating T cells induced CD49a expression and cytotoxic profiles in a RUNX2- and RUNX3-dependent manner. In melanoma patients, high RUNX2 transcription correlated with a cytotoxic TRM cell signature and improved patient survival. These findings suggest that combined RUNX2 and RUNX3 activity promotes the differentiation of cytotoxic TRM cells, providing immune surveillance against infected and malignant cells.
Article
Immunology
Adolfo B. Frias, Heather M. Buechel, Arpan Neupane, Louise M. D'Cruz
Article
Immunology
Ann R. Piccirillo, Eric J. Hyzny, Lisa Y. Beppu, Ashley V. Menk, Callen T. Wallace, William F. Hawse, Heather M. Buechel, Bernice H. Wong, Juat Chin Foo, Amaury Cazenave-Gassiot, Markus R. Wenk, Greg M. Delgoffe, Simon C. Watkins, David L. Silver, Louise M. D'Cruz
JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY
(2019)
Review
Immunology
Adolfo B. Frias, Shannon K. Boi, Xin Lan, Ben Youngblood
Summary: The concept of adaptive immunity, based on immunological memory, has paved the way for modern vaccination and immunotherapy. Recent studies have identified epigenetic programs as a molecular mechanism governing T cell subset specification and immunological memory.
IMMUNOLOGICAL REVIEWS
(2021)
Review
Surgery
Eric J. Hyzny, Ernest G. Chan, Matthew Morrell, Takashi Harano, Pablo G. Sanchez
Summary: Liver dysfunction is increasingly common in patients evaluated for lung transplantation, and new or worsening dysfunction is associated with high short- and long-term mortality rates. Thorough liver function assessment is necessary prior to listing for lung transplant. Combined lung and liver transplantation may provide a long-term management option for high-risk patients, but indications and experience with the combined operation remain unclear.
CLINICAL TRANSPLANTATION
(2021)
Article
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Ernest G. Chan, Eric J. Hyzny, Masashi Furukawa, John P. Ryan, Kathirvel Subramaniam, Matthew R. Morrell, Joseph Pilewski, James D. Luketich, Pablo G. Sanchez
Summary: This study compared the outcomes of intraoperative venoarterial extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (VA-ECMO) and cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB) during lung transplantation. The results showed that compared to the CPB group, the VA-ECMO group required fewer blood transfusions, had a shorter duration of mechanical ventilation, and had a lower incidence of grade 3 primary graft dysfunction at 72 hours. However, there were no differences in survival between the two groups.
ANNALS OF THORACIC SURGERY
(2023)
Article
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Eric J. Hyzny, Ernest G. Chan, Shahid M. Malik, Matthew Morrell, Masashi Furukawa, John P. Ryan, Pablo G. Sanchez
Summary: This retrospective analysis of 1406 adult lung transplant recipients found that postoperative hepatic dysfunction is associated with significant morbidity and mortality. A history of liver disease was the best predictor for postoperative dysfunction. Further research is needed to identify better treatment strategies to prevent hepatic dysfunction after lung transplantation.
ANNALS OF THORACIC SURGERY
(2023)
Article
Surgery
Eric J. Hyzny, Ernest G. Chan, Chadi Hage, Vikrant Rachakonda, Pablo G. Sanchez, Shahid M. Malik
Summary: A scoring system (PENS-CEPT) combining clinical data and preoperative imaging was developed to determine the safety of isolated lung transplantation (ILT) in cirrhotic patients. The score predicted 1-year survival and could effectively identify high-risk patients who are not suitable for ILT. This study highlights the potential of the scoring system in increasing the opportunity for cirrhotic patients to undergo ILT.
CLINICAL TRANSPLANTATION
(2023)
