Article
Engineering, Electrical & Electronic
Caio L. M. P. Plazas, Adelcio M. de Souza, Daniel R. Celino, Murilo A. Romero
Summary: In this paper, a bidirectional colorless WDM-PON topology is proposed and analyzed, serving as an analog fronthaul for a 5G and Beyond scenario. The use of tunable VCSEL lasers for the downlink and carrier reuse technique for the uplink are included. Numerical evaluation results show that the proposed topology meets the 3GPP requirements and is a suitable candidate for future fronthaul configurations.
OPTICAL FIBER TECHNOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Engineering, Electrical & Electronic
Gaurav Pandey, Amol Choudhary, Abhishek Dixit
Summary: The article discusses the use of radio over fiber and wavelength division multiplexing techniques to meet the increasing data rate demands of mobile users and proposes a low-cost RoF transmission system for next-generation 5G networks. The proposed architecture features flexible resource allocation for remote radio heads under different traffic loads.
IEEE JOURNAL ON SELECTED AREAS IN COMMUNICATIONS
(2021)
Article
Engineering, Electrical & Electronic
Peixuan Li, Lizhi Zhu, Hui Wang, Wei Pan, Ningyuan Zhong, Wenlin Bai, Lianshan Yan, Xihua Zou
Summary: This study proposes a blind frequency-domain nonlinear equalization approach for millimeter-wave fiber-wireless intermediate-frequency over fiber (IFoF) mobile fronthaul systems. It achieves symbol-by-symbol channel tracking and has advantages in terms of computational complexity, transmission capacity, and equalization performance.
JOURNAL OF LIGHTWAVE TECHNOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Computer Science, Hardware & Architecture
Frank J. Effenberger, Dezhi Zhang
Summary: This article explores the potential use of WDM-PON for 5G wireless communication and emphasizes that its suitability depends on the specific deployment scenario. It also introduces a new hybrid PON system architecture.
IEEE WIRELESS COMMUNICATIONS
(2022)
Article
Engineering, Electrical & Electronic
Eugenio Ruggeri, Apostolos Tsakyridis, Christos Vagionas, George Kalfas, Ruud M. Oldenbeuving, Paul W. L. van Dijk, Chris G. H. Roeloffzen, Yigal Leiba, Nikos Pleros, Amalia Miliou
Summary: This research introduces a Fiber Wireless (FiWi) small cell architecture for 5G mobile fronthaul networks, utilizing IFoF transport scheme and mmWave phased array antennas to achieve efficient transport and coverage capabilities.
JOURNAL OF LIGHTWAVE TECHNOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Engineering, Electrical & Electronic
Shan Wang, Hailin Yang, Yuwen Qin, Di Peng, Songnian Fu
Summary: This study investigates the potential of space division multiplexing (SDM) for power-over-fiber (PWoF) technique, and verifies it through weakly-coupled multicore fiber (WC-MCF) design and experiments. The results show that the SDM-enabled PWoF scheme is superior to the wavelength division multiplexing (WDM) scheme in terms of energy light delivery scalability and wavelength division multiplexing savings.
JOURNAL OF LIGHTWAVE TECHNOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Engineering, Electrical & Electronic
Dinka Milovancev, Nemanja Vokic, David Loschenbrand, Thomas Zemen, Bernhard Schrenk
Summary: The study presents a mobile fronthaul methodology for analogue optical transmission of native radio signals with integrated photonic true-time delay for beam steering of phased-array antennas. Using laser-based coherent homodyne detectors and delay dissemination through ultra-dense wavelength division multiplexing ensures low complexity at the optical layer. Experimental results verify successful native radio signal transmission over a 14.3-km coherent optical fronthaul with low end-to-end error vector magnitude.
IEEE JOURNAL ON SELECTED AREAS IN COMMUNICATIONS
(2021)
Article
Engineering, Electrical & Electronic
Eugenio Ruggeri, Christos Vagionas, Ronis Maximidis, George Kalfas, Dimosthenis Spasopoulos, Nikos Terzenidis, Ruud M. Oldenbeuving, Paul W. L. van Dijk, Chris G. H. Roeloffzen, Nikos Pleros, Amalia Miliou
Summary: This paper presents a Fiber-Wireless (FiWi) mobile fronthaul architecture that enables bandwidth-hungry 5G applications. It supports the co-existence of spectrally efficient analog transport formats with Digital Radio over Fiber transport schemes, combined with high-capacity millimeter wave (mmWave) wireless channels. A flexible transport network reconfiguration method is proposed using a low-loss 1 x 4 Si3N4 Reconfigurable Optical Add/Drop Multiplexer (ROADM) on TriPleX platform. The proposed system achieves a record 40 Gb/s wavelength-routed fronthaul capacity for mmWave 5G, while meeting multiple 5G Use Cases within 3GPP requirements.
JOURNAL OF LIGHTWAVE TECHNOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Engineering, Electrical & Electronic
Luis Vallejo, Jose Mora, Dong-Nhat Nguyen, Jan Bohata, Vicenc Almenar, Stanislav Zvanovec, Beatriz Ortega
Summary: This paper evaluates local and remote photonic millimeter wave signal generation schemes for practical deployment in a cloud radio access network. The remote configuration leads to higher electrical output power in the mmW band, and also shows superior performance in transmission experiments with QPSK signals.
JOURNAL OF LIGHTWAVE TECHNOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Engineering, Electrical & Electronic
Philippos Assimakopoulos, Shabnam Noor, Minqi Wang, Hazim Abdulsada, Luiz Anet Neto, Naveena Genay, Philippe Chanclou, Nathan J. Gomes
Summary: The study proposes and demonstrates a digital formation of an analog subcarrier multiplex by combining techniques using both pre-IFFT frequency-domain samples and post-IFFT time-domain samples. This combined technique offers a compromise for sampling rate requirements, maintaining low complexity and good performance.
IEEE PHOTONICS TECHNOLOGY LETTERS
(2021)
Article
Optics
Xiaoran Xie, Xiupu Zhang
Summary: This paper investigates the use of 1-bit bandpass delta-sigma modulation as a potential solution for the fifth generation mobile fronthaul transmission system. It proposes two novel delta sigma modulators to compensate for the phase and amplitude distortion induced by the bandpass filter. The effectiveness of these designs is verified through simulation and experimentation.
OPTICS COMMUNICATIONS
(2022)
Article
Telecommunications
Yi Lei, Qi Lu, Bin Chen, Zhongyi Guo
Summary: The MDM-based MMF MIMO channel condition and the impact of channel condition fluctuation on system performance were studied. By using adaptive coded modulation, the MDM-based 3 x 3 MIMO channel achieved high spectral efficiency.
IEEE COMMUNICATIONS LETTERS
(2022)
Article
Computer Science, Hardware & Architecture
Joonyoung Kim, Sun Hyok Chang, Joon Ki Lee
Summary: This work evaluates the Ethernet-based mobile fronthaul network by comparing it with other configuration options, focusing on calculating and comparing the total cost of ownership to emphasize the cost efficiency of the 5G Ethernet fronthaul network. The study shows that statistical multiplexing enabled by packet switching can reduce costs related to optical transceiver modules and fiber optic cabling.
JOURNAL OF OPTICAL COMMUNICATIONS AND NETWORKING
(2022)
Article
Engineering, Electrical & Electronic
Hiroki Yasuda, Takamitsu Aiba, Satoshi Tanaka, Toshinori Suzuki, Shota Ishimura, Kazuki Tanaka, Kosuke Nishimura, Hsuan-Yun Kao, Tomohiro Wakabayashi, Tetsuya Kawanishi
Summary: This study reports on the use of an A-RoMMF subsystem for analog radio signal transmission, utilizing the frequency response of a coupling transmission line to suppress channel power differences at 28 GHz. Experiments were conducted with 5G-NR signals, demonstrating successful signal transmission.
JOURNAL OF LIGHTWAVE TECHNOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Engineering, Electrical & Electronic
Diogo Acatauassu, Moyses Lica, Aline Ohashi, Andre Lucas Pinho Fernandes, Marx Freitas, Joao C. W. A. Costa, Eduardo Medeiros, Igor Almeida, Andre Mendes Cavalcante
Summary: This paper explores a 5G fronthaul scheme based on analog radio over coaxial cables, which is able to support the high capacity requirement of 5G with benefits of low transmit power, low latency, and low cost. The main novelty of this paper is to investigate the potential of this kind of fronthaul architecture considering both the physical layer and economic aspects.
IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON COMMUNICATIONS
(2021)
Article
Physics, Multidisciplinary
Peng Du, Yining Mu, Hang Ren, Idelfonso Tafur Monroy, Yan-Zheng Li, Hai-Bo Fan, Shuai Wang, Makram Ibrahim, Dong Liang
Summary: This research suggests that using high kinetic energy electron beam to excite perovskite quantum dots can greatly enhance the efficiency of low-frequency photon radiation conversion. Firstly, the random lasing threshold and luminescence threshold of CsPbX (3) films under electron beam excitation are measured. The spatial distribution of the electron beams in CsPbX (3) films is then simulated. Based on the above data, a low-frequency photon radiation conversion model using electron pumped perovskite quantum dots is presented. This could potentially lead to the development of a high-power terahertz source or terahertz power multiplication.
Article
Optics
Delphin Dodane, Javier Perez Santacruz, Jerome Bourderionnet, Simon Rommel, Gilles Feugnet, Antonio Jurado-Navas, Laurent Vivien, Idelfonso Tafur Monroy
Summary: This study presents an experimental demonstration of a mm-wave generation technique based on an optical phase-locked loop (OPLL) that meets the frequency specifications for 5G. An algorithm is introduced to improve data recovery at the reception and reduce the impact of high phase noise carrier. The back-to-back data transmission experiment demonstrates the efficiency of the algorithm in meeting the 5G requirements.
OPTICS COMMUNICATIONS
(2023)
Article
Engineering, Electrical & Electronic
Luis Torrijos-Moran, Cristina Catala-Lahoz, Daniel Perez-Lopez, Li Xu, Tianxiang Wang, Diego Perez-Galacho
Summary: The linearization of a microwave photonic link based on a dual-parallel Mach-Zehnder modulator is achieved by properly tuning the DC bias voltages and processing the optical carrier band. Experimental results show a suppression of 17 dB for third-order distortion terms and a 3 dB improvement in SDFR. This linearization method enables the simultaneous modulation of four different signals without the need for additional radio frequency components, making it suitable for integrated optics and various applications in microwave photonics.
JOURNAL OF LIGHTWAVE TECHNOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Computer Science, Hardware & Architecture
J. M. Fabrega, F. J. Vilchez, M. Svaluto Moreolo, R. Martinez, A. Quispe, L. Nadal, R. Casellas, R. Vilalta, R. Munoz, C. Neumeyr, S. Y. Lee, J. U. Shin, H. D. Jung, G. Mariani, R. Heuvelmans, A. Gatto, P. Parolari, P. Boffi, N. M. Tessema, N. Calabretta, D. Larrabeiti, J. P. Fernandez-Palacios
Summary: Disaggregation in optical networks is crucial for the deployment of 5G services and support of 6G. The adoption of suitable photonic technologies for dense integration and sustainable network architecture is especially important in the metro area network. The optimal usage of available resources, including spectral and spatial dimensions, through programmable and adaptive data plane solutions, is key to dynamically allocate the ever-increasing traffic. In this work, a disaggregated metro area network is assessed, relying on new photonic devices, node architectures, and sliceable bandwidth/bitrate-variable transceivers.
JOURNAL OF OPTICAL COMMUNICATIONS AND NETWORKING
(2023)
Article
Engineering, Electrical & Electronic
Javier Perez Santacruz, Simon Rommel, Chris G. H. Roeloffzen, Roelof Bernardus Timens, Paul W. L. van Dijk, Antonio Jurado-Navas, Idelfonso Tafur Monroy
Summary: Optical waveguide technology is a promising alternative for mm-wave mobile communications, offering advantages such as large bandwidth, low cross-talk, and low losses. The authors present an incoherent 4x4 optical beamforming network based on optical waveguides, capable of simultaneously generating four beams, and provide a detailed explanation of its operating principles and characterization. This work contributes to the maturity, scalability, and efficiency of optical beamforming technology.
JOURNAL OF LIGHTWAVE TECHNOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Engineering, Electrical & Electronic
Konstantinos V. Katsaros, Angelos J. Amditis, Konstantinos Trichias, Oyunchimeg Shagdar, Ahmed Soua, Jose Costa Requena, Jose Santa, Geerd Kakes, Joao Almeida, Emanuel Sousa, Nuno Cruz, Gorka Velez, Tahir Sari, Daniel Jauregui Cortizo, Fernando Correia, Djibrilla Amadou Kountche, Simon Rommel, Eftychia Nikolitsa, Panagiotis Demestichas
Summary: This article examines the challenges in the automotive sector regarding international mobility and cross-border/multioperator environments. It aims to identify the key factors influencing seamless (cooperative) connected and automated mobility services within and across national borders, and presents corresponding solutions in networking, application, security, and regulation based on experimental activities.
IEEE INTELLIGENT TRANSPORTATION SYSTEMS MAGAZINE
(2023)
Article
Engineering, Electrical & Electronic
Pablo Martinez-Carrasco Romero, Jose Roberto Rausell-Campo, Diego Perez-Galacho, Xu Li, Ting Qing, Tiangxiang Wang, Daniel Perez-Lopez
Summary: Massive-MIMO systems achieve high capacities and data rates by increasing the number of antennas in the base station. However, the complexity of signal processing operations increases with more antennas, posing a challenge for current electronic processors. To overcome this, we propose processing RF signals in the optical domain and experimentally demonstrate its capabilities with a non-integrated Dual Parallel Modulator. We also propose an integrated photonic architecture with Mach Zehnder Interferometers and other components for physically processing the information.
IEEE JOURNAL OF SELECTED TOPICS IN QUANTUM ELECTRONICS
(2023)
Proceedings Paper
Computer Science, Information Systems
Catalina Stan, Simon Rommel, Ignacio de Miguel, Juan Jose Vegas Olmos, Ramon J. Duran, Idelfonso Tafur Monroy
Summary: Edge computing brings computing, networking, and storage resources closer to end users, enabling offloading for computation-intensive or latency-critical tasks in 5G/6G applications. However, deciding when to offload faces challenges due to the dynamic wireless environment. This paper focuses on communication cost in computation offloading in an urban multi-user scenario, presenting a utility-based resource allocation problem and considering both offloading and high downlink data rate users. Simulation results show that the weighted proportional fairness method provides a good trade-off between fairness and performance.
2023 JOINT EUROPEAN CONFERENCE ON NETWORKS AND COMMUNICATIONS & 6G SUMMIT, EUCNC/6G SUMMIT
(2023)
Article
Computer Science, Information Systems
Carlos Rubio Garcia, Simon Rommel, Sofiane Takarabt, Juan Jose Vegas Olmos, Sylvain Guilley, Philippe Nguyen, Idelfonso Tafur Monroy
Summary: The reliance on asymmetric public key cryptography and symmetric encryption for cyber-security in current telecommunication networks is threatened by quantum computing technology. Quantum Key Distribution and post-quantum cryptography provide resistance to quantum attacks. This paper proposes two novel hybrid solutions integrating QKD and PQC into TLS for quantum-resistant key exchange.
COMPUTER COMMUNICATIONS
(2024)
Review
Telecommunications
Oumayma Bouchmal, Bruno Cimoli, Ripalta Stabile, Juan Jose Vegas Olmos, Idelfonso Tafur Monroy
Summary: This passage discusses the adoption of on-demand self-reconfiguration in 6G mobile networks for the fulfillment of stringent key performance indicators and overall optimization of network resources. It also highlights the integration of Software Defined Networking (SDN), Artificial Intelligence, and Quantum Computing as prospective solutions to address the complexity of 6G networks. The main focus is on the application of Reinforcement Learning (RL), Deep Reinforcement Learning (DRL), and Quantum Machine Learning (QML) techniques to tackle SDN routing challenges in 6G networks.
FRONTIERS IN COMMUNICATIONS AND NETWORKS
(2023)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Javier Perez Santacruz, Elmine Meyer, Roel X. F. Bude, Catalina Stan, Antonio Jurado-Navas, Ulf Johannsen, Idelfonso Tafur Monroy, Simon Rommel
Summary: This study presents the first extensive outdoor measurement campaign of an experimental IFoF mm-wave wireless setup with adaptive beamforming on PAAs. The system performance was tested in different scenarios, showing excellent performance and proving the potential of IFoF combined with PAA in the future 5G/6G structure.
SCIENTIFIC REPORTS
(2023)