Article
Plant Sciences
Sarah Budde-Rodriguez, Rhodesia M. Celoy, Ipsita Mallik, Julie S. Pasche, Neil C. Gudmestad
Summary: Early blight, caused by Alternaria solani, is a common occurrence in potato production areas. The use of foliar fungicides is the main management strategy, but Alternaria solani has developed reduced sensitivity or resistance to various single-site fungicides.
Article
Agronomy
Hadis Mostafanezhad, Eva Edin, Laura J. Grenville-Briggs, Asa Lankinen, Erland Liljeroth
Summary: This study validated boscalid resistance in a Swedish population of A. solani, both in the field and laboratory, and identified mutations associated with reduced sensitivity. It was found that the efficacy of boscalid against early blight significantly decreased over the years, suggesting that early blight management in southeast Sweden should no longer rely on boscalid.
EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF PLANT PATHOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Plant Sciences
Karolina Lavrukaite, Thies M. Heick, Jurate Ramanauskiene, Rita Armoniene, Antanas Ronis
Summary: Zymoseptoria tritici is a major cause of yield loss in winter wheat worldwide due to its ability to cause septoria leaf blotch. Fungicides are commonly used by farmers to protect their crops, but the effectiveness of these measures is decreasing rapidly as the pathogen develops resistance through natural mutation mechanisms. This study conducted sensitivity tests, mutation detection, and field experiments in Lithuania to assess the current situation of fungicide resistance. The findings reveal an increase in resistance mutations and provide important information on the status of fungicide resistance in the Lithuanian Z. tritici population.
FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE
(2023)
Article
Agronomy
Gabriel Moraes Chitolina, Geraldo Jose Silva-Junior, Eduardo Feichtenberger, Rosana G. Pereira, Lilian Amorim
Summary: This study investigated the sensitivity and resistance distribution of A. alternata to QoI fungicides in citrus trees cultivated in different regions of Sao Paulo. The results showed that in several municipalities, 100% of isolates were resistant to both fungicides, suggesting the need for anti-resistance strategies in disease management.
Article
Plant Sciences
Pratibha Sharma, Dean K. Malvick, Ashok K. Chanda
Summary: This study evaluated the sensitivity of R. solani AG 2-2 isolates collected from soybean and sugar beet in Minnesota and North Dakota to fungicides. The results showed that there were differences in the effectiveness of QoI and SDHI fungicides on these isolates.
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Constantin Yanicostas, Nadia Soussi-Yanicostas
Summary: Succinate dehydrogenase inhibitors (SDHIs) used in agriculture to combat molds and fungi have been found to cause multiple adverse effects in zebrafish, including developmental toxicity, cardiovascular abnormalities, and liver and kidney damage, indicating significant toxicity towards off-target organisms.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2021)
Article
Agronomy
Yuichi Matsuzaki, Toshiyuki Harada, Fukumatsu Iwahashi
Summary: Some isolates of Puccinia horiana, the causal agent of chrysanthemum white rust disease, showed resistance to Quinone outside inhibitors (QoIs) and succinate dehydrogenase inhibitors (SDHIs). Mutations in cytochrome b and SdhC may be responsible for the resistance, as revealed by higher EC50 values for QoIs and resistance to SDHI oxycarboxin.
Article
Plant Sciences
Boris X. Camiletti, Paulo S. F. Lichtemberg, Yong Luo, Juan A. Paredes, Miriam Marzall-Pereira, Victor M. G. Martin, Themis J. Michailides
Summary: Real-time PCR methods were used to quantify the frequency of SDHC-H134R and SDHB-H277Y mutants associated with SDHI resistance in Alternaria populations from pistachio. The accuracy and reliability of the qPCR protocols to determine mutants were confirmed. Resistance to boscalid was found to be widespread in California. Other mutations were also found to contribute to SDHI resistance. The fungicide program using anilinopyrimidine and demethylation inhibitors was effective in reducing the frequency of resistant mutants.
Article
Agronomy
Tamiris Y. K. Oliveira, Tatiane C. Silva, Silvino I. Moreira, Felix S. Christiano Jr, Maria C. G. Gasparoto, Bart A. Fraaije, Paulo C. Ceresini
Summary: Yellow and black Sigatoka are the most important foliar diseases of bananas worldwide. This study investigated the resistance to fungicides in banana fields in Southeastern Brazil. Resistance to QoI fungicides was found in treated fields but not in organic fields. A new Mycosphaerella species, M. thailandica, was also identified, which exhibited high levels of QoI resistance. The G143A cytochrome b alteration was associated with QoI resistance in multiple species. Integrated disease management practices should be implemented to control the Sigatoka disease complex and reduce resistance development in order to maintain the efficacy of QoI fungicides.
Article
Plant Sciences
Sarah Budde-Rodriguez, Julie S. Pasche, Fereshteh Shahoveisi, Ipsita Mallik, Neil C. Gudmestad
Summary: Brown leaf spot of potato is mainly caused by small-spored Alternaria spp., and there are no resistant potato cultivars developed against these pathogens. Therefore, the use of foliar fungicides is the primary management strategy. Isolates of different small-spored Alternaria spp. showed differences in pathogenicity and fungicide sensitivity. Monitoring species diversity and fungicide sensitivity could be beneficial for the effective management of brown leaf spot in potatoes.
Article
Agronomy
Monica Anghinoni Mueller, Gerd Stammler, Louise Larissa May De Mio
Summary: Asian soybean rust (ASR) is the main disease affecting soybean crops in South America, with disease control relying on site-specific fungicides, multisite fungicides, and host-free periods. Continuous and intensive use of fungicides has led to the selection of P. pachyrhizi isolates with reduced sensitivity to DMIs, QoIs, and SDHIs.
Article
Agronomy
Samara N. C. Vicentini, Priscila S. Casado, Giselle de Carvalho, Silvino Moreira, Adriano F. Dorigan, Tatiane C. Silva, Abimael G. Silva, Adriano A. P. Custodio, Ana Carolina S. Gomes, Joao L. Nunes Maciel, Nichola Hawkins, Bruce A. McDonald, Bart A. Fraaije, Paulo C. Ceresini
Summary: Wheat blast is a devastating fungal disease that affects wheat in South America, South-east Asia, and southern Africa. The lack of durable host resistance and ineffective fungicide sprays make disease management challenging. Recent studies show that Brazilian wheat blast pathogen populations exhibit resistance to new SDHI fungicides.
Article
Agronomy
Olufadekemi Fajemisin, Jana Mazakova, Pavel Rysanek
Summary: This study evaluated the efficacy of different classes of fungicides against Phoma stem canker fungus. The results showed that boscalid and dimoxystrobin had higher activity against the isolates, while the EC50 values were lower for mycelia.
PLANT PROTECTION SCIENCE
(2022)
Article
Plant Sciences
Bingxue Sun, Rongjia Zhou, Guangxue Zhu, Xuewen Xie, Ali Chai, Lei Li, Tengfei Fan, Jingjing Shi, Baoju Li, Yanxia Shi
Summary: Cucumber leaf spot (CLS), caused by Corynespora cassiicola, is a serious disease in cucumber greenhouse cultivation. Resistance to succinate dehydrogenase inhibitors (SDHIs) due to point mutations in the SDHB/C/D gene has been reported. Different mutations result in different resistance levels, which vary over time and regions. We established allele-specific PCR (AS-PCR) and multiplex allele-specific PCR (MAS-PCR) assays for mutation detection and targeted control of CLS.
Article
Plant Sciences
Xing Wei, David B. Langston, Hillary L. Mehl
Summary: Southern stem rot of peanut, caused by Athelia rolfsii, is a significant fungal disease that affects peanut production worldwide. This study compared the effectiveness of different fungicides against A. rolfsii and found that foliar application of fungicides provided the best control. The results of this study are important for fungicide recommendations in controlling peanut diseases.