Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Wei Zhang, Hanna Enriquez, Yongfeng Tong, Andrew J. Mayne, Azzedine Bendounan, Alex Smogunov, Yannick J. Dappe, Abdelkader Kara, Gerald Dujardin, Hamid Oughaddou
Summary: This study demonstrates the growth of semiconductor properties of 1D flat P chains with a band gap of 1.80 +/- 0.20 eV on an Ag(111) substrate using molecular beam epitaxy, providing a potential ideal material for opto-electronic devices.
NATURE COMMUNICATIONS
(2021)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Hungyen Chen, Yi-Chien Wu, Chih-Yung Teng
Summary: This study assessed the effects of climate variables on rice yield and their temporal variations over a long-term period using field experiments conducted in Taiwan from 1925 to 2019. The results showed that temperature, diurnal temperature range (DTR), rainfall, and sunshine duration had significant impacts on rice yield. The effects of these climate variables varied during different cropping seasons, with temperature and DTR having a stronger influence during the cool season, while all the variables had negative effects during the warm season.
Article
Polymer Science
Weizhao Ren, Yanlong Li, Yuling Tang, Jianquan Xu, Cuiyun Zhang, Ophelia K. C. Tsui, Xinping Wang
Summary: In this study, the desorption of adsorbed chains in a bilayer system was investigated using fluorine-labeled polystyrene (PS). The results showed that the exchange of PS-flattened chains with top-free chains was slower compared to PS-loose chains, and it was highly dependent on molecular weight (MW). Interestingly, in the presence of loosely adsorbed chains, the desorption of flattened chains was greatly accelerated and had weaker MW dependence. The MW-dependent desorption was attributed to the average number of contact sites between polymer adsorbed chains and the substrate, which increased rapidly with increasing MW. Additionally, the desorption of loosely adsorbed chains provided extra conformational energy to accelerate the desorption of flattened chains.
Article
Environmental Sciences
Giuseppe Consolini, Paola De Michelis, Igino Coco, Tommaso Alberti, Maria Federica Marcucci, Fabio Giannattasio, Roberta Tozzi
Summary: The study investigated the complex system of field-aligned currents (FACs) in the auroral ionosphere, revealing their sign-singular character and filamentary nature. Evidence was found of a topological change in these current systems, accompanied by a change in scaling features at spatial scales larger than 30 km. This change was interpreted as a symmetry-breaking phenomenon due to a dynamical topological transition of the FAC structure during substorms.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Chao Li, Zhen Xu, Yajie Zhang, Jie Li, Na Xue, Ruoning Li, Mingjun Zhong, Tianhao Wu, Yifan Wang, Na Li, Ziyong Shen, Shimin Hou, Richard Berndt, Yongfeng Wang, Song Gao
Summary: Structure transformations from fractals to chains are achieved through the coassembly of carbon monoxide and the catassembly of carbon dioxide. Reversible transformations between fractals and periodic structures are important for understanding fractal formation, but controllably achieving such transformations remains a challenge. We investigate the effect of CO and CO2 molecules on Sierpinski triangles assembled from Fe atoms and C3PC molecules on Au surfaces, and discover that gas molecules induce a transition from STs into 1D chains. Based on density functional theory modeling, the atomistic mechanism involves the transformation of a stable 3-fold coordination Fe(C3PC)(3) motif to Fe(C3PC)(4) with an axially bonded CO molecule. CO2 causes the structural transformation through a molecular catassembly process.
NATIONAL SCIENCE REVIEW
(2023)
Article
Mechanics
Herbert E. Huppert, Vitaly A. Kuzkin, Svetlana O. Kraeva
Summary: The study further investigates and extends previous analyses of low-Reynolds-number, viscous gravity currents flowing down inclined planes, with particular emphasis on the motion of the fluid front and tail. Short-term dynamics are governed by both pressure gradient and gravity due to inclination, influenced by initial and boundary conditions, while at larger timescales the fluid profile converges to a square-root shape without the influence of pressure gradient. Previous inaccurate solutions near the front and tail explain the high accuracy in describing experimental data.
JOURNAL OF FLUID MECHANICS
(2021)
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Yanjun Xia, Linfei Ding, Pan Liu, Zhangchun Tang
Summary: This paper investigates the uncertainty propagation of practical systems subjected to epistemic uncertainty measured by fuzzy variables and uncertainty with limited samples measured by uncertain-but-bounded variables. The combination of the membership levels method for fuzzy variables and the non-probabilistic reliability index for uncertain-but-bounded variables is employed to solve the uncertainty propagation. Various examples are utilized to demonstrate the applicability of the model and the efficiency of the proposed method.
Article
Mathematics, Interdisciplinary Applications
S. Verma, A. Sahu
Summary: In this study, we estimate the upper and lower box dimensions of the graph of a function defined on the Sierpinski gasket under certain continuity conditions. We also provide an upper bound for the Hausdorff dimension and box dimension of the graph of a function with finite energy. Furthermore, we introduce two sets of definitions of bounded variation for a function defined on the Sierpinski gasket and prove that the fractal dimension of the graph of a continuous function of bounded variation is log 3/log 2. We also demonstrate the closure of the class of all bounded variation functions under arithmetic operations and prove that every function of bounded variation is continuous almost everywhere according to the log 3/log 2-dimensional Hausdorff measure.
FRACTALS-COMPLEX GEOMETRY PATTERNS AND SCALING IN NATURE AND SOCIETY
(2022)
Article
Mathematics, Applied
Michela Eleuteri, Petteri Harjulehto, Peter Hasto
Summary: This article introduces a method to measure the growth rate of phi, by requiring the increasing property of t(phi(x,t)t(-r)). It is found that the corresponding energy integral does not necessarily have a minimizer when r=1, but when phi is replaced by phi(p) with p > 1, the minimizer exists and the sequence of such minimizers converges as p approaches 1(+). The article also discusses the Gamma-convergence of functionals with fixed boundary values and fidelity terms.
MATHEMATICAL METHODS IN THE APPLIED SCIENCES
(2022)
Article
Mathematics, Applied
Filip Rindler
Summary: Motivated by a recent model for elasto-plastic evolutions, this work develops a theory of space-time integral currents with bounded variation in time and introduces the notion of Lipschitz deformation distance between integral currents. Several results are obtained, including a compactness theorem, a deformation theorem, an isoperimetric inequality, and the equivalence of convergence in deformation distance with weak* convergence. Finally, it is proven that the Lipschitz deformation distance coincides with the homogeneous Whitney flat metric for boundaryless currents, indicating the equivalence of two seemingly different ways to measure dissipation.
CALCULUS OF VARIATIONS AND PARTIAL DIFFERENTIAL EQUATIONS
(2023)
Article
Operations Research & Management Science
Kurt M. Anstreicher, Samuel Burer, Kyungchan Park
Summary: The study focuses on minimizing the volume of convex hulls with either upper or lower bounds on the product variable. It demonstrates that convex hulls with bounds on the product can be represented by RLT constraints, bounds on the product, and SOC constraints, with a maximum of three SOC constraints under certain conditions. Additionally, the volumes of convex hulls with bounds on the product are calculated and compared to a relaxation with only RLT constraints.
JOURNAL OF GLOBAL OPTIMIZATION
(2021)
Article
Engineering, Environmental
SayedMorteza Malaekeh, Ammar Safaie, Layla Shiva, Hossein Tabari
Summary: This study analyzed the trends and spatial distribution of hydro-climatic changes in Iran at a county level using state-of-the-art reanalysis datasets, revealing significant differences in trends among different climate zones. The research provides a comprehensive reference for future policy actions and further studies, and identified noteworthy climate change trends.
STOCHASTIC ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND RISK ASSESSMENT
(2022)
Article
Mathematics
Sergi Baena-Miret, Maria J. Carro, Teresa Luque, Laura Sanchez-Pascuala
Summary: In this paper, we obtain weighted estimates for bilinear Fourier multipliers of bounded variation that provide new restricted weak-type bounds. We also study their boundedness on the setting of the weighted Lorentz spaces. The results are obtained using Rubio de Francia extrapolation as the main tool.
INTERNATIONAL MATHEMATICS RESEARCH NOTICES
(2022)
Article
Mathematics, Applied
Cheng-Han Pan
Summary: This paper discusses the difference representation of differentiable functions, proves the existence of differentiable functions that do not have bounded variation, and points out that every differentiable function contains restrictions that can be nicely represented with a difference of increasing differentiable functions.
JOURNAL OF MATHEMATICAL ANALYSIS AND APPLICATIONS
(2021)
Article
Mathematics, Applied
Jong-Shi Pang, Shaoning Han
Summary: This paper reviews a class of strictly convex quadratic programs solvable by the parametric principal pivoting algorithm. The main contribution of this paper is the extension of this Hessian class, motivated by the need to efficiently solve a QP with a tridiagonal Hessian matrix. With the tridiagonal structure, the complexity of the QP algorithm is reduced to O(n2). The strongly polynomiality results of this paper extend previous works on linear complementarity problems.
SIAM JOURNAL ON OPTIMIZATION
(2023)
