Article
Immunology
Wang Jing, Xie Tuxiu, Long Xiaobing, Jiang Guijun, Kang Lulu, Jiang Jie, Ye Lu, Zhan Liying, Xiong Xiaoxing, Lyu Jingjun
Summary: This study revealed the involvement of lncRNA GAS5/miR-137 in the astrocyte-microglia communication during CA/CPR, inhibiting PI3K/Akt signaling activation through regulation of INPP4B. The findings suggest a potential therapeutic target for improving outcomes in CA/CPR patients.
FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Neurosciences
Kelley T. Patten, Anthony E. Valenzuela, Christopher Wallis, Danielle J. Harvey, Keith J. Bein, Anthony S. Wexler, Fredric A. Gorin, Pamela J. Lein
Summary: Epidemiological studies have shown that air pollution is a significant risk factor for age-related dementia, including Alzheimer's disease (AD). Traffic-related air pollution (TRAP) has been suggested to promote AD neuropathology by exacerbating neuroinflammation. This study found that TRAP triggers an early inflammatory response in the hippocampus, but its effects on cytokines differ with sex and age and are not reflected in the serum cytokine profile. The relationship between TRAP effects on cytokines and disease progression needs further investigation.
FRONTIERS IN CELLULAR NEUROSCIENCE
(2022)
Review
Cell Biology
Alexandra Boyd, Sarah Byrne, Ryan J. Middleton, Richard B. Banati, Guo-Jun Liu
Summary: Microglia, as the innate immune cells of the central nervous system, have been shown to play a crucial role in the modulation of neuroinflammation, with both pro-inflammatory and potentially anti-inflammatory effects. Studying the response of microglia to radiation may offer novel approaches for the treatment of neuroinflammation-associated CNS disorders, such as Alzheimer's and Parkinson's disease.
Article
Immunology
Ruizhuo Chen, Brandy N. Routh, Jillian E. Straetker, Cecily R. Gibson, Aidan S. Weitzner, Kiersten S. Bell, Andrew D. Gaudet, Laura K. Fonken
Summary: The circadian system regulates various physiological processes, and disruption of the circadian clock gene Rev-erb alpha can lead to behavioral changes and neuroinflammation. This study demonstrates that microglia depletion can ameliorate behavioral abnormalities in RKO mice and that male and female RKO mice show different alterations in the neuroimmune system.
BRAIN BEHAVIOR AND IMMUNITY
(2023)
Article
Neurosciences
Philippa Malko, Xiaoling Jia, Ian Wood, Lin-Hua Jiang
Summary: Microglial cell function and inflammation are regulated by the activation of Piezo1 channel. This study found that the activation of Piezo1 channel can inhibit the pro-inflammatory activation and production of pro-inflammatory cytokines in microglial cells by initiating intracellular Ca2+ signaling to inhibit the NF-kappa B inflammatory signaling pathway.
Review
Cell Biology
Ruqayya Afridi, Kyoungho Suk
Summary: Chronic stress is a significant risk factor for psychiatric diseases, particularly depression, as it causes cellular and structural changes that affect neurocircuitry and contribute to the development of depression. Recent studies have shown that microglial cells play a role in stress-induced depression through inflammatory activation. The exact pathways involved in stress-induced microglial activation are still unclear, but identifying these triggers can aid in the development of targeted therapies for depression.
Article
Food Science & Technology
Eun Hae Kim, Youn Young Shim, Hye In Lee, Sanghyun Lee, Martin J. T. Reaney, Mi Ja Chung
Summary: The current study found that astragalin and isoquercitrin from chamchwi had anti-neuroinflammatory effects by inhibiting the MAPK signaling pathway. Astragalin and isoquercitrin reduced the inflammatory response in LPS-induced microglial cells and hippocampus in mice.
Article
Immunology
Hyeji Jung, Hyojeong Lee, Dongwook Kim, Eunji Cheong, Young-Min Hyun, Je-Wook Yu, Ji Won Um
Summary: This study found that mild neuroinflammation induces regionally different microglial activation, which leads to the production of proinflammatory cytokines. These observations provide insight into the potential development of region-specific neuroinflammation-associated brain pathologies through microglial activation.
JOURNAL OF INFLAMMATION RESEARCH
(2022)
Article
Cell Biology
Allison Costello, Katrina Linning-Duffy, Carleigh Vandenbrook, Joseph S. Lonstein, Lily Yan
Summary: This study reveals the impact of environmental lighting conditions on neuroinflammation in a diurnal rodent model. Winter-like dim light during the day leads to increased neuroinflammation indicators in a brain site- and sex-specific manner.
CELLULAR AND MOLECULAR NEUROBIOLOGY
(2023)
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Abdur Rauf, Himani Badoni, Tareq Abu-Izneid, Ahmed Olatunde, Md Mominur Rahman, Sakshi Painuli, Prabhakar Semwal, Polrat Wilairatana, Mohammad S. Mubarak
Summary: Neuroinflammation plays a crucial role in the pathogenesis of neurodegenerative diseases, and the release of neuroinflammatory markers can lead to the development of various neuronal disorders. Identifying these markers can assist in early diagnosis and treatment of these diseases.
Article
Behavioral Sciences
Zhongling Ke, Yanhui Chen, Guofeng Chen, Yanyan Liu
Summary: This study investigated the relationship between neuroinflammation and behavioral alterations in rats with Tourette syndrome (TS). The findings suggest that TS rats induced by IDPN exhibit significant neuroinflammation in the brain, and there may be an interaction between dopamine dysregulation and immune dysfunction in the pathogenic mechanisms of TS.
FRONTIERS IN BEHAVIORAL NEUROSCIENCE
(2022)
Review
Geriatrics & Gerontology
Huan-Jun Lu, Daji Guo, Qian-Qi Wei
Summary: Tuberculous meningitis (TBM) is a severe complication of tuberculosis (TB) with high rates of disability and mortality. Microglia, the core of the immune network in the central nervous system, are directly infected by Mycobacterium tuberculosis (M. tb) and play a complex role in TBM. Host-directed therapy (HDT) has emerged as a potential adjunct therapy for TBM by controlling neuroinflammation. This review discusses the diverse roles of microglia in TBM and potential HDT approaches targeting microglia.
Article
Immunology
Iswarya Muthukumarasamy, Sharleen M. M. Buel, Jennifer M. M. Hurley, Jonathan S. S. Dordick
Summary: Sustained neuroinflammation contributes to the progression of neurodegenerative diseases. Neuroinflammation is affected by the circadian clock, and microglia, the immune cells in the brain, play a major role. The enzyme NOX2 is essential in the interaction between the circadian clock and microglial activation, with important implications for neuroinflammation control.
FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Neurosciences
Javier Cuitavi, Paula Andres-Herrera, David Meseguer, Yolanda Campos-Jurado, Jesus D. Lorente, Hannah Caruana, Lucia Hipolito
Summary: This study investigates the involvement of microglia in pain signaling modulation and finds that the activation of microglia plays an important role in affective disorders related to chronic pain. The study also suggests that mu-opioid receptors (MORs) participate in neuroinflammatory events. Systemic inflammatory pain affects the local inflammatory response caused by MOR activation.
Review
Neurosciences
Julia N. Khantakova, Natalia P. Bondar, Elena V. Antontseva, Vasiliy V. Reshetnikov
Summary: Adverse factors during the neonatal period can affect the development of certain brain structures, leading to reduced cognitive abilities and increased risk of psychopathologies throughout an individual's lifespan. Neonatal immune activation-induced neuroinflammation may cause disturbances in neurotransmission, reprogramming of brain cells, and changes in stress reactivity, ultimately resulting in depressive-like behavior in adult males under aversive conditions with local inflammation.
FRONTIERS IN CELLULAR NEUROSCIENCE
(2022)
Review
Neurosciences
Zachary M. Weil, Kate Karelina, John D. Corrigan
EXPERIMENTAL NEUROLOGY
(2019)
Article
Critical Care Medicine
John D. Corrigan, Abby N. Hagemeyer, Zachary M. Weil, Lindsay Sullivan, Junxin Shi, Jennifer Bogner, Jingzhen Yang
JOURNAL OF NEUROTRAUMA
(2020)
Article
Engineering, Biomedical
Aejin Lee, Yuan Sun, Tao Lin, No-Joon Song, McKensie L. Mason, Jacob H. Leung, Devan Kowdley, Jennifer Wall, Alessandro Brunetti, Julie Fitzgerald, Lisa A. Baer, Kristin I. Stanford, Joana Ortega-Anaya, Laisa Gomes-Dias, Bradley Needleman, Sabrena Noria, Zachary Weil, Joshua J. Blakeslee, Rafael Jimenez-Flores, Jon R. Parquette, Ouliana Ziouzenkova
Article
Neurosciences
Zachary M. Weil, Laura K. Fonken, William H. Walker, Jacob R. Bumgarner, Jennifer A. Liu, O. Hecmarie Melendez-Fernandez, Ning Zhang, A. Courtney DeVries, Randy J. Nelson
EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF NEUROSCIENCE
(2020)
Review
Clinical Neurology
Robin Oliverio, Kate Karelina, Zachary M. Weil
FRONTIERS IN NEUROLOGY
(2020)
Article
Critical Care Medicine
Kate Karelina, Katarina Schneiderman, Sarthak Shah, Julie Fitzgerald, Ruth Velazquez Cruz, Robin Oliverio, Bailey Whitehead, Jingzhen Yang, Zachary M. Weil
Summary: Despite the common practice of prescribed rest after traumatic brain injury (TBI), research shows little to no benefit of it on patient outcomes, with prolonged rest potentially interfering with patient well-being. In contrast, animal models consistently indicate that exercise is neuroprotective and promotes recovery after brain injury, suggesting carefully titrated physical activity may be a safe and effective approach to promoting recovery.
JOURNAL OF NEUROTRAUMA
(2021)
Article
Neurosciences
Zachary M. Weil, Kate Karelina, Bailey Whitehead, Ruth Velazquez-Cruz, Robin Oliverio, Mark Pinti, Divine C. Nwafor, Samuel Nicholson, Julie A. Fitzgerald, John Hollander, Candice M. Brown, Ning Zhang, A. Courtney DeVries
Summary: Recent studies have shown that traumatic brain injury (TBI) can worsen outcomes after stroke by affecting neuroimmune and neurometabolic functions. In a mouse model, TBI led to larger stroke infarcts, more severe functional deficits, and increased neuroinflammation. Treatment with the insulin sensitizing drug pioglitazone was able to prevent the exacerbation of ischemic outcomes caused by TBI, suggesting that metabolic dysfunction plays a role in these processes.
EXPERIMENTAL NEUROLOGY
(2021)
Article
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Aejin Lee, McKensie L. Mason, Tao Lin, Shashi Bhushan Kumar, Devan Kowdley, Jacob H. Leung, Danah Muhanna, Yuan Sun, Joana Ortega-Anaya, Lianbo Yu, Julie Fitzgerald, A. Courtney DeVries, Randy J. Nelson, Zachary M. Weil, Rafael Jimenez-Flores, Jon R. Parquette, Ouliana Ziouzenkova
Summary: This study compares the effects of free insulin to insulin bound to AACs nanofibers in type 1 diabetes models. The results show that the AAC2-hINS complex significantly improves glucose levels, insulin levels, and neurotransmitter expression, and enhances physical and cognitive performance.
Article
Behavioral Sciences
Robin Oliverio, Julie Fitzgerald, Ruth Velazquez-Cruz, Bailey Whitehead, Kate Karelina, Zachary M. Weil
Summary: This study found that perinatal androgen administration and adult ovariectomy could prevent the development of conditioned place preference to ethanol in female mice after injury. Additionally, gonadectomy did not affect the severity of axonal degeneration, and while TBI increased the number of microglia in males, gonadectomy did not have a corresponding effect.
FRONTIERS IN BEHAVIORAL NEUROSCIENCE
(2022)
Article
Neurosciences
Zachary M. Weil, Brishti White, Bailey Whitehead, Kate Karelina
Summary: Traumatic brain injury (TBI) is a significant public health concern, with a subset of patients experiencing prolonged and severe symptoms. Exaggerated physiological and psychological stress responses after TBI can hinder functional recovery. This article discusses the impact of stress physiology and allostatic loading, as studied by Dr. Bruce McEwen, on TBI patients both before and after their injuries. It explores the role of the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis responses in TBI and recovery, as well as the effects of stressors and stress responses in promoting post-concussive syndrome and post-traumatic stress disorders. Early life stressors are also considered as modulators of injury outcomes.
NEUROBIOLOGY OF STRESS
(2022)
Article
Critical Care Medicine
Bailey Whitehead, Ruth Velazquez-Cruz, Ali Albowaidey, Ning Zhang, Kate Karelina, Zachary M. Weil
Summary: Mild traumatic brain injury (mTBI) leads to persistent cerebrovascular impairments and increased susceptibility to ischemic stroke. The mechanisms behind these effects differ between males and females.
JOURNAL OF NEUROTRAUMA
(2023)
Review
Critical Care Medicine
Zachary M. M. Weil, Julia T. T. Ivey, Kate Karelina
Summary: Rest after traumatic brain injury has a long history and is still recommended, although the rationale was not historically grounded in theory or empirical data. The definition and parameters of rest have evolved over time, including recommendations to avoid various stimuli and cognitive effort. The modern conception of rest aims at preventing reinjury and reducing metabolic demands on injured tissue.
JOURNAL OF NEUROTRAUMA
(2023)
Article
Neurosciences
Brishti A. White, Julia T. Ivey, Ruth Velazquez-Cruz, Robin Oliverio, Bailey Whitehead, Mark Pinti, John Hollander, Li Ma, Gangquin Hu, Zachary M. Weil, Kate Karelina
Summary: Physical exercise is a potentially beneficial rehabilitation approach for traumatic brain injury (TBI) recovery. This study examined the effects of post-injury exercise on cognitive function, histopathology, mitochondrial function, and oxidative stress in male and female mice with controlled cortical impact (CCI) injury. The results showed that exercise had different effects on cognitive recovery and mitochondrial function depending on the intensity and sex of the mice, indicating the importance of individualized rehabilitation strategies for TBI patients.
EXPERIMENTAL NEUROLOGY
(2023)
Review
Neurosciences
Bailey Whitehead, Kate Karelina, Zachary M. Weil
Summary: Pericytes play a critical role in the neurovascular unit but are understudied. Dysfunction of pericytes can contribute to deleterious vascular consequences of ischemic stroke. There are limited therapeutic options targeting pericyte function, and further research is needed.
JOURNAL OF NEUROSCIENCE RESEARCH
(2023)
Article
Neurosciences
Wenzhu Wang, Zihan Li, Yitong Yan, Shuo Wu, Xinyu Yao, Chen Gao, Lanxiang Liu, Yan Yu
Summary: This study investigated the reparative mechanisms of low-intensity pulsed ultrasound (LIPUS) in traumatic brain injury (TBI) and found that LIPUS promotes hippocampal neurogenesis, enhances neural electrical activity and neural plasticity, ultimately restoring neuronal function and cognitive capabilities in TBI mice.
EXPERIMENTAL NEUROLOGY
(2024)
Article
Neurosciences
Wenmin Yi, Fei Chen, Minghao Yuan, Chuanling Wang, Shengyuan Wang, Jie Wen, Qian Zou, Yinshuang Pu, Zhiyou Cai
Summary: The study suggests that a high-fat diet may lead to tau hyperphosphorylation and synaptic dysfunction by inhibiting the SIRT1/AMPK pathway and disrupting autophagy flux, ultimately resulting in cognitive decline.
EXPERIMENTAL NEUROLOGY
(2024)
Article
Neurosciences
Kim M. Hemsley, Helen Beard, Glyn Chidlow, Teresa Mammone, Leanne K. Winner, Daniel Neumann, Barbara King, Marten F. Snel, Paul J. Trim, Robert J. Casson
Summary: Optical coherence tomography (OCT) is a non-invasive method that can be used to rapidly and quantitatively examine the integrity of the neuroretina. It has been shown that OCT can be used to observe retinal thinning in patients with childhood dementia, and to assess the improvement of retinal structure after treatment. Furthermore, OCT can provide insights into other childhood dementias based on the correlation between retinal and brain degeneration in Sanfilippo syndrome.
EXPERIMENTAL NEUROLOGY
(2024)
Article
Neurosciences
Qianling Jiang, Xin Ma, Gaochen Zhu, Wen Si, Lingyu He, Guan Yang
Summary: This study investigated the effects of EAE induction on thymopoiesis and T cell development, revealing changes such as increased apoptosis, decreased proliferation, and a blockade in the transition from double-negative thymocytes to double-positive cells. It was also found that positive selection was disrupted in the thymus of EAE mice, along with an increased production of regulatory T cells.
EXPERIMENTAL NEUROLOGY
(2024)
Article
Neurosciences
Alice McDouall, Guido Wassink, Sumudu Ranasinghe, Kelly Q. Zhou, Rashika N. Karunasinghe, Justin M. Dean, Joanne O. Davidson
Summary: This study found that blocking connexin 43 hemichannels can attenuate brain injury and promote neurodevelopment in infants with mild hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy, without causing hypothermia.
EXPERIMENTAL NEUROLOGY
(2024)
Article
Neurosciences
Hannah Sweetman, Mahmudur Rahman, Aditya Vedantam, Kajana Satkunendrarajah
Summary: Degenerative cervical myelopathy (DCM) is a neurological condition characterized by chronic compression of the cervical spinal cord, leading to impaired limb function. While respiratory dysfunction is not a common symptom of DCM, it can affect the ventilatory response to respiratory challenges. Surgical decompression improves sensorimotor function in DCM, but its impact on respiratory function is unclear. This study evaluates respiratory function and adaptive ventilation in a DCM model, showing that DCM impairs acute adaptive ventilatory ability and surgical decompression does not fully restore it.
EXPERIMENTAL NEUROLOGY
(2024)
Article
Neurosciences
Chengmei Sun, Muhammad Saif Ur Rahman, Budbazar Enkhjargal, Jianhua Peng, Keren Zhou, Zhiyi Xie, Lingyun Wu, Tongyu Zhang, Qiquan Zhu, Jiping Tang, Yujia Zeng, John H. Zhang, Shanshan Xu
Summary: This study found that Osteopontin (OPN) can attenuate inflammatory responses after subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH) by promoting an anti-inflammatory microglial state. This effect may be mediated through the integrin-FAK-STAT3 and NF-kappa B signaling pathways.
EXPERIMENTAL NEUROLOGY
(2024)
Article
Neurosciences
Yang Yang, Xuezhu Chen, Chuanyan Yang, Mei Liu, Qianying Huang, Likun Yang, Yuhai Wang, Hua Feng, Zhongyang Gao, Tunan Chen
Summary: The study explores the effects of specific chemogenetic stimulation of intact corticospinal tract on functional recovery after stroke in mice. The findings demonstrate that combining chemogenetic activation with rehabilitation training leads to significant motor functional recovery by promoting axon sprouting and rewiring new functional circuits.
EXPERIMENTAL NEUROLOGY
(2024)