Article
Psychiatry
Kwun Nam Chan, Wing Chung Chang, Chung Mun Ng, Hoi Ching Lee, Suet In Chan, San Yin Chiu, Cheuk Fei Wong, Sui Fung Wo, Ho Ming Lee, Kit Wa Chan, Ming Cheuk Wong, Kwok Ling Chan, Wai Song Yeung, Charles Wai Hong Chan, Lam Wai Choy, Shiu Yin Chong, Man Wa Siu, Tak Lam Lo, Wai Ching Yan, Man Kin Ng, Lap Tak Poon, Pui Fai Pang, Wai Chung Lam, Yip Chau Wong, Wai Sau Chung, Yi Man Mo, Sai Yu Lui, Lai Ming Hui, Eric Yu Hai Chen
Summary: The study found that male ARMS patients exhibited poorer social functioning and more severe asociality of negative symptoms compared to female counterparts. However, no sex differences were observed in other core domains of negative symptoms, cognitive measures, and role functioning.
EARLY INTERVENTION IN PSYCHIATRY
(2022)
Article
Psychiatry
Concetta de Giambattista, Patrizia Ventura, Paolo Trerotoli, Francesco Margari, Lucia Margari
Summary: Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) has traditionally been studied and diagnosed in males, with females often overlooked. Research suggests that there are subtle yet potentially important quantitative and qualitative phenotypic differences between females and males with ASD, which current screening tests may not be sensitive enough to detect. Further studies are needed to improve assessment practices for females and reduce gender-based disparities in ASD care.
FRONTIERS IN PSYCHIATRY
(2021)
Article
Oncology
Sabine Oertelt-Prigione, Belle H. de Rooij, Floortje Mols, Simone Oerlemans, Olga Husson, Dounya Schoormans, John B. Haanen, Lonneke van de Poll-Franse
Summary: The study found that female cancer survivors experience more physical and emotional symptoms, while male survivors are more likely to suffer from fatigue, dyspnea, anxiety, and depression. There are differences in physical and cognitive functioning between genders, with female survivors experiencing larger losses. Additionally, male cancer survivors exhibit significant losses in role and social functioning.
EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF CANCER
(2021)
Article
Geriatrics & Gerontology
Jennifer Eastman, Amber Bahorik, Erica Kornblith, Feng Xia, Kristine Yaffe
Summary: Compared to males, female veterans have a slightly higher risk of developing dementia after accounting for competing risk of death.
JOURNALS OF GERONTOLOGY SERIES A-BIOLOGICAL SCIENCES AND MEDICAL SCIENCES
(2022)
Article
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Sadiya S. Khan, Lauren B. Beach, Clyde W. Yancy
Summary: Sex-based differences in risk, symptoms, and management of heart failure exist, with women having a higher incidence of HF with preserved ejection fraction compared to men. However, there are gaps in understanding gender-based differences in HF and inadequate representation of women and gender minorities in clinical trials.
JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN COLLEGE OF CARDIOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Psychiatry
Elise Koch, Lars Nyberg, Anders Lundquist, Sara Pudas, Rolf Adolfsson, Karolina Kauppi
Summary: This study investigates the impact of polygenic risk for schizophrenia on cognitive function in healthy individuals across different age groups, revealing a sex-specific effect primarily in males. Additionally, the findings suggest that this genetic risk does not accelerate cognitive decline in individuals.
TRANSLATIONAL PSYCHIATRY
(2021)
Review
Medicine, General & Internal
George A. A. Robinson, Ines Pineda-Torra, Coziana Ciurtin, Elizabeth C. C. Jury
Summary: Healthy women during childbearing years have a lower risk of cardiovascular disease compared to men, possibly due to lower levels of atherogenic lipoproteins and higher levels of atheroprotective lipoproteins. However, women with systemic lupus erythematosus face increased cardiovascular disease risk, which may be related to dyslipidaemia.
FRONTIERS IN MEDICINE
(2022)
Article
Clinical Neurology
Brady Brooke, Zheng Lidan, Kootar Scherazad, Anstey Kaarin Jane
Summary: This study examined the dementia risk according to sex and gender identity. It found that males had higher mid-life dementia risk, while females had higher late-life Alzheimer's disease risk. Transgender and non-binary adults had higher late-life risk compared to cisgender individuals.
ALZHEIMERS & DEMENTIA
(2023)
Review
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Xinyu Qian, Michelle L. Townsend, Wan Jie Tan, Brin F. S. Grenyer
Summary: Borderline Personality Disorder (BPD) is often perceived as a disorder more prevalent in females, however, the literature on sex differences is inconclusive. This scoping review aimed to synthesize available research evidence on potential sex differences in BPD. The review found that males with BPD were more likely to exhibit externalizing symptoms and comorbid disorders, while females with BPD were more likely to exhibit internalizing symptoms and comorbid disorders. However, there is a lack of research on sex differences in treatment outcomes, developmental factors, and biological markers of BPD.
Article
Psychiatry
H. K. Luckhoff, L. Asmal, R. Smit, L. Phahladira, R. Emsley, E. C. del Re
Summary: The study found that lower masculinity scores had a negative impact on psychopathology outcomes, regardless of sex and other neurodevelopmental factors. These effects were mediated by poor premorbid adjustment, and the relationship between childhood trauma and masculinity scores as predictors of disorganized symptom outcomes.
PSYCHIATRY RESEARCH
(2023)
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Agnieszka Cyran, Patryk Piotrowski, Jerzy Samochowiec, Agnieszka Samochowiec, Ernest Tyburski, Lukasz Laczmanski, Blazej Misiak
Summary: Previous studies on cardiovascular indicators in D-SCZ patients have had mixed findings. This study found significantly higher CRP levels in D-SCZ patients, which were associated with cognitive impairment.
APPLIED SCIENCES-BASEL
(2022)
Article
Psychology, Clinical
Carsten Hjorthoj, Wilson Compton, Marie Starzer, Dorte Nordholm, Emily Einstein, Annette Erlangsen, Merete Nordentoft, Nora D. Volkow, Beth Han
Summary: Previous research suggests a relationship between cannabis use disorder (CUD) and schizophrenia population attributable risk fraction (PARF). However, variations in CUD and schizophrenia based on sex and age indicate the importance of examining differences in PARFs within sex and age subgroups.
PSYCHOLOGICAL MEDICINE
(2023)
Article
Psychiatry
Marta Ferrer-Quintero, Michael F. Green, William P. Horan, David L. Penn, Robert S. Kern, Junghee Lee
Summary: In patients with schizophrenia, sex can influence the relationship between social cognitive levels and social functioning, with females performing better in some aspects. However, overall, sex does not appear to moderate the relationship between social cognition and functioning.
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Alessandra Dei Cas, Raffaella Aldigeri, Alessandro Mantovani, Maria Masulli, Luisa Palmisano, Franco Cavalot, Katia Bonomo, Marco Giorgio Baroni, Efisio Cossu, Gisella Cavallo, Flavia Agata Cimini, Raffaella Buzzetti, Carmen Mignogna, Frida Leonetti, Simonetta Bacci, Roberto Trevisan, Mario Luca Morieri, Riccardo Maria Pollis, Giovanni Targher, Saula Vigili de Kreutzenberg
Summary: This observational study aimed to evaluate sex-related differences in cardiovascular disease (CVD) prevalence and risk in adults with type 1 diabetes. The study found that men had a higher prevalence of CVD than women aged 55 years and above, but the prevalence was comparable between the two sexes in those below 55 years of age. In patients without pre-existing CVD, men had a higher 10-year estimated CVD risk than women until the age of 55, but this difference disappeared after that age.
JOURNAL OF CLINICAL ENDOCRINOLOGY & METABOLISM
(2023)
Review
Medicine, General & Internal
Jack Charles Barton, Anna Wozniak, Chloe Scott, Abhisekh Chatterjee, Greg Nathan Titterton, Amber Elyse Corrigan, Ashvin Kuri, Viraj Shah, Ian Soh, Juan Carlos Kaski
Summary: This study reviewed 18 studies and found gender differences in the presentation, risk factors, management, and outcomes of acute myocardial infarction (MI). Women were more likely to have coexisting conditions such as diabetes, hypertension, cerebrovascular disease, and heart failure, while men were more likely to have previous ischemic heart disease, angina, dyslipidemia, and a smoking history. Further research is needed to understand the reasons behind these differences and the role of gender-specific risk factors.
JOURNAL OF CLINICAL MEDICINE
(2023)
Article
Psychology, Clinical
Marina S. Borges, Mauricio S. Hoffmann, Andre Simioni, Luiza K. Axelrud, Danielle S. Teixeira, Andre Zugman, Andrea Jackowski, Pedro M. Pan, Rodrigo A. Bressan, Nadine Parker, Jurgen Germann, Patricia P. Bado, Theodore D. Satterthwaite, Michael P. Milham, M. Mallar Chakravarty, Luis Augusto Paim Rohde, Euripedes Constantino Miguel, Tomas Paus, Giovanni A. Salum
Summary: This study investigates the relationship between deviations in cerebellar volume and psychopathology, executive functions, and academic achievement in children and adolescents. The findings suggest that deviations in typical cerebellar development are associated with long-lasting consequences in youth. This study highlights the potential of typical developing models and emphasizes the important role of the cerebellum in mental health, cognition, and education.
PSYCHOLOGICAL MEDICINE
(2023)
Article
Psychiatry
Stefania Tognin, Ana Catalan, Matthew J. Kempton, Barnaby Nelson, Patrick McGorry, Anita Riecher-Rossler, Rodrigo Bressan, Neus Barrantes-Vidal, Marie-Odile Krebs, Merete Nordentoft, Stephan Ruhrmann, Gabriele Sachs, Bart P. F. Rutten, Jim van Os, Lieuwe de Haan, Mark van der Gaag, Philip R. McGuire, Lucia Valmaggia
Summary: Research shows that adverse childhood experiences (ACE) can impact educational achievements in individuals at clinical high risk of psychosis (CHR). Specifically, CHR individuals with ACE had lower education levels, employment rates, and estimated IQ compared to healthy controls. Early intervention programs for psychosis should integrate interventions to support the educational and vocational recovery of young CHR individuals, and public health and social interventions to prevent or reduce the impact of ACE are recommended.
EUROPEAN PSYCHIATRY
(2023)
Article
Psychiatry
Emily J. Hird, Noriyuki Ohmuro, Paul Allen, Peter Moseley, Matthew J. Kempton, Gemma Modinos, Gabriele Sachs, Mark van der Gaag, Lieuwe de Haan, Ary Gadelha, Rodrigo Bressan, Neus Barrantes-Vidal, Stephan Ruhrmann, Ana Catalan, Philip McGuire
Summary: The study found that individuals at clinical high risk for psychosis have a lower sensitivity to hearing speech in noise and uncertainty about the affective valence of this speech, which is associated with adverse clinical outcomes. The findings suggest that the ability to hear speech illusions in noise could be used as a cognitive marker to predict the likelihood of remission or transition to psychosis in individuals at risk.
SCHIZOPHRENIA BULLETIN
(2023)
Article
Medicine, Research & Experimental
U. N. Jeppesen, A. S. Due, L. Mariegaard, A. Pinkham, M. Vos, W. Veling, M. Nordentoft, L. B. Glenthoj
Summary: Unfortunately, we had to update our study protocol due to a significant change in the study design. The approval to change the primary outcome was rejected because the trial had already started. Therefore, we had to keep the Green Paranoid Thought Scale (GPTS) part B as our primary outcome and GPTS part A as a secondary outcome. The change did not affect participation or informed consent.
Article
Psychiatry
Sarah Bendall, Oliver Eastwood, Tim Spelman, Patrick McGorry, Ian Hickie, Alison R. Yung, Paul Amminger, Stephen J. Wood, Christos Pantelis, Rosemary Purcell, Lisa Phillips
Summary: This study found that childhood trauma is common in youth mental health services and is associated with a mixture of affective, anxiety, and psychotic symptoms. Exposure to multiple types of trauma is common. Childhood trauma is significantly associated with each symptom domain, and more severe trauma is more strongly associated with symptom clustering.
AUSTRALIAN AND NEW ZEALAND JOURNAL OF PSYCHIATRY
(2023)
Article
Dermatology
Sandra F. Nilsson, Zarqa Ali, Thomas M. Laursen, Jacob P. Thyssen, Alexander Egeberg, Merete Nordentoft, Carsten Hjorthoj, Simon F. Thomsen
Summary: This study examines the association between homelessness and diagnosed skin conditions, prescribed medication, and type of consultation. The findings suggest that homelessness is associated with an increased risk of skin conditions, but a lower occurrence of skin cancer diagnosis. Individuals experiencing homelessness have different diagnostic and medical patterns for skin disorders compared to those not experiencing homelessness.
BRITISH JOURNAL OF DERMATOLOGY
(2023)
Review
Psychiatry
Matteo Cella, Safina Roberts, Matthias Pillny, Marcel Riehle, Brian O'Donoghue, John Lyne, Paul Tomlin, Lucia Valmaggia, Antonio Preti
Summary: Currently, there is no recommended first-line treatment for the negative symptoms of schizophrenia. Psychosocial and behavioural interventions are commonly used to reduce the burden of these symptoms. Meta-analytic studies have summarized the evidence for specific interventions but have not compared the quality of evidence and the level of benefit.
BRITISH JOURNAL OF PSYCHIATRY
(2023)
Article
Clinical Neurology
Tina D. Kristensen, Jayachandra M. Raghava, Martin W. Skjerbaek, Thijs Dhollander, Warda Syeda, Karen S. Ambrosen, Kirsten B. Bojesen, Mette O. Nielsen, Christos Pantelis, Birte Y. Glenthoj, Bjorn H. Ebdrup
Summary: Multiple lines of research support the dysconnectivity hypothesis of schizophrenia, but findings on white matter alterations in these patients are widespread and non-specific due to confounding factors. In this study, a refined methodology and careful sampling were used to investigate white matter and symptom correlates in strictly antipsychotic-naive first-episode patients. The results revealed specific white matter abnormalities in patients and differentiated associations between white matter and psychosis-specific versus anxio-depressive symptoms, suggesting the importance of an itemized approach in studying the relationship between white matter microstructure and clinical symptoms in schizophrenia patients.
EUROPEAN ARCHIVES OF PSYCHIATRY AND CLINICAL NEUROSCIENCE
(2023)
Article
Psychiatry
Suqian Duan, Lucia Valmaggia, Diede Fennema, Jorge Moll, Roland Zahn
Summary: This study aimed to systematically investigate action tendencies in current depression. By developing and validating a virtual reality assessment, the study found that individuals with depression were more prone to hiding and self-punishment in the other-agency condition, showing maladaptive action tendencies compared to the control group.
JOURNAL OF PSYCHIATRIC RESEARCH
(2023)
Article
Neurosciences
Peter Bedford, Daniel J. Hauke, Zheng Wang, Volker Roth, Monika Nagy-Huber, Friederike Holze, Laura Ley, Patrick Vizeli, Matthias E. Liechti, Stefan Borgwardt, Felix Mueller, Andreea O. Diaconescu
Summary: This study investigated the neural mechanisms of LSD using rDCM and found that LSD disrupts the excitatory/inhibitory balance of the brain. Whole-brain effective connectivity was correlated with the subjective effects of LSD and could potentially be used to decode or predict these effects in the future.
NEUROPSYCHOPHARMACOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Dragana Filipovic, Julica Inderhees, Alexandra Korda, Predrag Tadic, Markus Schwaninger, Dragos Inta, Stefan Borgwardt
Summary: The study investigated the potential markers and therapeutic effectiveness of fluoxetine in a rat model of depression induced by chronic social isolation. Metabolomics analysis identified several candidate markers for depressive behavior and fluoxetine efficacy. This approach provides a new perspective for the identification of markers and prediction of treatment outcomes.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2023)
Article
Psychology, Clinical
Sandra Feodor Nilsson, Theresa Wimberley, Helene Speyer, Carsten Hjorthoj, Seena Fazel, Merete Nordentoft, Thomas Munk Laursen
Summary: This study used Danish register data to investigate the association between hospital-based psychiatric disorders and sheltered homelessness. The findings revealed strong bidirectional associations between psychiatric disorders and homelessness, highlighting the need to address the high risks of accumulated mental and social problems.
PSYCHOLOGICAL MEDICINE
(2023)
Review
Psychiatry
Christina Andreou, Sofia Eickhoff, Marco Heide, Renate de Bock, Jonas Obleser, Stefan Borgwardt
Summary: Diagnosing a clinical high-risk state can lead to timely treatment for those at risk for psychosis, resulting in better outcomes. However, only a small number of patients diagnosed with clinical high-risk will actually develop psychosis. To identify those who would benefit most from early intervention, studies have investigated predictors and biomarkers assessed at baseline. This study aimed to summarize evidence from systematic reviews and meta-analyses to determine the most consistent predictors of transition to psychosis in clinical high-risk patients.
TRANSLATIONAL PSYCHIATRY
(2023)
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Caroline Conchon, Elodie Sprungli-Toffel, Luis Alameda, Anne Edan, Barbara Bailey, Alessandra Solida, Kerstin Jessica Plessen, Philippe Conus, Afroditi Kapsaridi, Davina Genoud, Aureliano Crameri, Sondes Jouabli, Camille Caron, Carmina Grob, Julia Gros, Smeralda Senn, Logos Curtis, Ana Liso Navarro, Remy Barbe, Nathalie Nanzer, Evelyn Herbrecht, Christian G. Huber, Nadia Micali, Marco Armando, Stefan Borgwardt, Christina Andreou
Summary: The PsyYoung project aims to optimize the detection of an at-risk mental state (ARMS) and reduce unnecessary psychiatric treatments. It investigates the effects of service changes on referrals and outcomes of young people with ARMS or a first episode of psychosis (FEP). By implementing a standardized stepped care model, increasing awareness and training of professionals, the project aims to harmonize clinical practices in early intervention of psychosis on a national level.
JOURNAL OF CLINICAL MEDICINE
(2023)