Journal
ENERGY CONVERSION AND MANAGEMENT
Volume 192, Issue -, Pages 202-220Publisher
PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD
DOI: 10.1016/j.enconman.2019.03.094
Keywords
Heat pump; Residential heating; Transcritical CO2; Dedicated mechanical subcooling; Annual energy efficiency; Economic evaluation
Categories
Funding
- National Natural Science Foundation of China [51806151, 51776140]
- Innovation Team of Cold Chain Units, Energy Saving and Cold Storage of College and University of Tianjin Municipality [TD13-5088]
- Tianjin Application Foundation and Advanced Technology Research Project [15JCYBJC21600]
- Student's Platform for Innovation and Entrepreneurship Training Program [201810069052]
- Japan Society for the Promotion of Science (JSPS)
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A transcritical CO2 heat pump (HP) system for residential space heating integrated with direct dedicated mechanical subcooling (DMS) is proposed, and mathematical models are developed to study the annual energetic and economic performances considering the influence of frosting. The operation characteristics by adopting different heating terminals used in five typical cities are also assessed. The results show a maximum coefficient of performance (COP) is achieved at the optimum discharge pressure and subcooling degree. The COP is promoted by 24.4% and the discharge pressure is decreased by 2.093 MPa at the ambient temperature of -10 degrees C and water supply/return temperature of 45/40 degrees C. The seasonal performance factor (SPF) is enhanced more noticeably for severe cold region. For the case of Harbin using floor-coil radiator (FCR) or normal fan-coil unit (N-FCU) as heating terminal, SPF is improved by 32.0%. The highest SPF is achieved when small temperature difference fan-coil unit (STD-FCU) is employed. The exergy efficiency can also be apparently improved, especially for the cities located in severe cold region and using FCR or N-FCU as heating terminal due to the reduction in throttling loss of CO2 system. The purchased equipment cost and electricity cost of the CO2 HP with DMS are both lower than those of traditional CO2 heat pump system. The CO2 HPDMS system using STD-FCU as heating terminal shows superior economical efficiency to traditional system, with levelized annual total cost reduced by 7.51-15.27%.
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