Article
Physics, Fluids & Plasmas
Ryo Kamogawa, Yoshiharu Tamaki, Soshi Kawai
Summary: This paper proposes an ODE-based NEQBL wall model for accurate prediction of nonequilibrium separated turbulent boundary layers at a high Reynolds number in LES. The model incorporates the nonequilibrium effects into the pressure-gradient term, convective term, and turbulent eddy viscosity consistently. The proposed model is validated using a WRLES database and yields accurate predictions of the resolved turbulence statistics.
PHYSICAL REVIEW FLUIDS
(2023)
Article
Mechanics
V. V. Aristov, I. V. Voronich, S. A. Zabelok
Summary: This paper explores nonclassical transport phenomena in gas flows in regions with membranes, focusing on complex flows relevant to new membrane technologies. Numerical modeling methods for solving the Boltzmann equation are compared, showing the potential and accuracy of direct methods and Monte Carlo modeling. Effects of nonclassical transfer are demonstrated in 1D and 2D cases, confirming assumptions and providing additional explanations for membrane modeling.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Steven Yuvan, Nick Bellardini, Martin Bier
Summary: The noise associated with nonequilibrium processes is often referred to as Levy noise, which features more outliers. For Langevin particles subjected to Levy noise, the kicksizes are drawn from an alpha-stable distribution instead of a Gaussian distribution. Unlike Gaussian noise, Levy noise breaks the time-reversal symmetry for particles in a potential well. Analyzing Langevin equations with Levy noise is challenging due to the lack of simple analytic formulas and the infinite variance of the alpha-stable distribution. In our study, we propose a measure to quantify the violation of time-reversal symmetry and present a procedure that utilizes this measure to induce controlled time-reversal asymmetry. This procedure mimics the effects of Levy noise and yields concise analytic formulas without divergent variances. Importantly, our theory provides simple corrections on the Fluctuation-Dissipation Relation.
Article
Physics, Fluids & Plasmas
Sarah E. Harvey, Subhaneil Lahiri, Surya Ganguli
Summary: We use stochastic thermodynamics, large deviation theory, and information theory to establish fundamental limits on the accuracy of single cell receptors in estimating external concentrations. While an ideal observer of receptor states cannot be outperformed by any nonequilibrium receptor, we find that a simple observer measuring the fraction of time the receptor is bound has a fundamental limit on the accuracy of non-equilibrium receptors. We also derive explicit formulas to numerically estimate the tradeoff between accuracy and energy consumption in nonequilibrium receptors.
Article
Physics, Multidisciplinary
Brian Joseph Edwards, Mohammad Hadi Nafar Sefiddashti, Bamin Khomami
Summary: This study tackles the challenge of calculating nonequilibrium entropy in polymeric liquids undergoing flow by extending equilibrium thermodynamics and applying it to nonequilibrium conditions. By introducing internal variables that quantify the internal microstructure of chain-like macromolecules and assuming an evolution of quasi-equilibrium states, the authors were able to determine the nonequilibrium entropy at different levels of coarse-graining.
Article
Chemistry, Analytical
Sangjun Lee, Seongjun Hong, Jihee Park, Youngil Koh, Hyomin Lee, Jina Yang, Sang Woo Seo, Sung Jae Kim
Summary: Cutting-edge nanoelectrokinetic technology in this work provides a breakthrough for the present clinical demands of molecular diagnosis to detect a trace amount of oncogenic mutation of DNA in a short time without an erroneous PCR procedure. In this work, we combined the sequence-specific labeling scheme of CRISPR/dCas9 and ion concentration polarization (ICP) mechanism to separately preconcentrate target DNA molecules for rapid detection. Using the mobility shift caused by dCas9's specific binding to the mutant, the mutated DNA and normal DNA were distinguished in the microchip. Based on this technique, we successfully demonstrated the dCas9-mediated 1-min detection of single base substitution (SBS) in EGFR DNA, a carcinogenesis indicator. Moreover, the presence/absence of target DNA was identified at a glance like a commercial pregnancy test kit (two lines for positive and one line for negative) by the distinct preconcentration mechanisms of ICP, even at the 0.1% concentration of the target mutant.
ANALYTICAL CHEMISTRY
(2023)
Article
Mechanics
Qizhen Hong, Jiaao Hao, Ken Chun Kit Uy, Chih-Yung Wen, Quanhua Sun
Summary: This study investigates hypersonic laminar flow over double wedges using computational fluid dynamics and global stability analysis. The research reveals that thermal and chemical nonequilibrium have minimal effects on the onset of separation in high-enthalpy conditions. Furthermore, the study extends the criterion of global stability to hypersonic flow under high-enthalpy conditions.
Article
Physics, Applied
Yifei Zhu, Yin Bo, Xiancong Chen, Yun Wu
Summary: Smart modulation of discharges is essential for generating specific reactive species efficiently. The DeePlaskin framework, combining deep learning and plasma physics/chemistry models, shows great potential for optimizing the design of non-equilibrium plasma systems.
PLASMA PROCESSES AND POLYMERS
(2022)
Article
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Julius Steffen, David Andreae, Michael Nabauer, Nikolas Reissig, Philipp M. Doldi, Magda Haum, Martin Orban, Hans Theiss, Konstantinos Rizas, Daniel Braun, Sven Peterss, Joerg Hausleiter, Steffen Massberg, Simon Deseive
Summary: In this study, the researchers found that patients with normal-flow low-gradient aortic stenosis (NFLG-AS) are heterogeneous, with a subgroup resembling patients with high-gradient aortic stenosis (HG-AS) in characteristics and outcomes. Lower gradient NFLG-AS patients have increased long-term mortality, indicating that the use of transcatheter aortic valve replacement (TAVI) for these patients requires careful consideration.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF CARDIOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Computer Science, Interdisciplinary Applications
Chaoyu Quan, Boyi Wang
Summary: In this work, we establish the energy stability of high-order L2-type schemes for time-fractional phase-field equations. We propose a reformulation of the discrete L2 operator, show the monotonicity of some associated coefficients, and then obtain two positive definiteness properties for the L2 operator. Based on these two properties, we show that the energy is bounded by the initial energy for the L2 scalar auxiliary variable schemes of time-fractional gradient flows. Furthermore, a fractional energy law can be established for the L2 implicit-explicit scheme of the time-fractional Allen-Cahn equation. Several numerical experiments are provided to verify the stability as well as the convergence.
JOURNAL OF COMPUTATIONAL PHYSICS
(2022)
Article
Computer Science, Interdisciplinary Applications
Brian A. Freno, Brian R. Carnes, V. Gregory Weirs
Summary: The study of hypersonic flows and their underlying aerothermochemical reactions is crucial for the design and analysis of vehicles entering and exiting Earth's atmosphere. Computational physics codes can simulate these phenomena, but verification is essential to ensure their accuracy and credibility. This paper presents code-verification techniques for hypersonic reacting flows in thermochemical nonequilibrium, demonstrating their effectiveness on the Sandia Parallel Aerodynamics and Reentry Code (SPARC).
JOURNAL OF COMPUTATIONAL PHYSICS
(2021)
Article
Engineering, Aerospace
Shunliang Zhang, Zhihui Wang
Summary: This paper presents a study on the aeroheating performance of hypersonic vehicles, specifically focusing on modeling the catalysis process and analyzing the incomplete chemical energy accommodation effects. The authors propose an integrated model to describe the contribution of each energy mode in the heat and mass transfer process. An analytical formula derived from the model is shown to compare well with numerical results, highlighting the variations in predicting the stagnation point heat flux under nonequilibrium flow conditions. The study contributes to a better understanding of nonequilibrium heat transfer and demonstrates its practical value.
CHINESE JOURNAL OF AERONAUTICS
(2022)
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Yuncai Mei, Zehua Chen, Weitao Yang
Summary: The developed second-order correction eliminates systematic delocalization error in commonly used density functional approximations. It provides highly accurate approximation of ground-state orbital energies for small and medium-size molecules, with excellent predictions for ionization potentials, electron affinities, photoemission spectrum, and photoexcitation energies. This correction shows great potential for broad applications in computational spectroscopy.
JOURNAL OF PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY LETTERS
(2021)
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Supraja S. Chittari, Zhiyue Lu
Summary: Complex and non-monotonic responses to external control can be found in thermodynamic systems, and nonequilibrium shortcuts can rapidly drive the system from an initial state to a desired final state. A geometric analysis of such shortcuts in the probability distribution space is provided, identifying the conditions for their existence and shedding light on the features of a system that can lead to shortcuts.
JOURNAL OF CHEMICAL PHYSICS
(2023)
Article
Mechanics
Xiaoyong Wang, Jinghui Guo, Qizhen Hong, Sijia Li
Summary: Through the investigation of hypersonic shock wave/laminar boundary layer interaction, it is found that the shortcomings of thermochemical models are not the main reason for the discrepancies between simulations and experiments.
Article
Physics, Multidisciplinary
Thibaut Demaerel, Christian Maes, Karel Netocny
ANNALES HENRI POINCARE
(2018)
Article
Statistics & Probability
Richard C. Kraaij, Alexandre Lazarescu, Christian Maes, Mark Peletier
STOCHASTIC PROCESSES AND THEIR APPLICATIONS
(2020)
Article
Physics, Multidisciplinary
Thibaut Demaerel, Christian Maes
JOURNAL OF PHYSICS A-MATHEMATICAL AND THEORETICAL
(2019)
Article
Mechanics
Christian Maes, Karel Netocny
JOURNAL OF STATISTICAL MECHANICS-THEORY AND EXPERIMENT
(2019)
Article
Astronomy & Astrophysics
Thibaut Demaerel, Christian Maes, Ward Struyve
CLASSICAL AND QUANTUM GRAVITY
(2020)
Review
Physics, Multidisciplinary
Christian Maes
PHYSICS REPORTS-REVIEW SECTION OF PHYSICS LETTERS
(2020)
Article
Physics, Mathematical
Faezeh Khodabandehlou, Christian Maes, Karel Netocny
Summary: In this paper, we use the method of local detailed balance to rewrite the Kirchhoff formula for stationary distributions of Markov jump processes. We introduce a physically interpretable tree-ensemble to describe the concept. By arborification of path-space integration, we derive a McLennan-tree characterization close to equilibrium and obtain response formula for the stationary distribution in the asymptotic regime of large driving. Graphical expressions of currents and traffic are obtained, allowing the study of various asymptotic regimes. We also demonstrate how the matrix-forest theorem provides a representation of quasi-potentials, which are used in computing excess work and heat in nonequilibrium thermal physics. Various examples are presented to illustrate and explain the graph elements and constructions.
JOURNAL OF STATISTICAL PHYSICS
(2022)
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Faezeh Khodabandehlou, Christian Maes, Karel Netocny
Summary: We discuss when and why the steady nonequilibrium heat capacity vanishes with temperature using general arguments and examples. The framework of Markov jump processes on finite connected graphs is used, where the condition of local detailed balance helps identify the heat fluxes, and the discreteness enables a nondegenerate stationary distribution at absolute zero. Additionally, a dynamic condition is needed for the nonequilibrium extension of the Third Law to ensure that the low-temperature dynamical activity and accessibility of the dominant state remain sufficiently high.
JOURNAL OF CHEMICAL PHYSICS
(2023)
Article
Physics, Fluids & Plasmas
Frantisek Slanina, Miroslav Kotrla, Karel Netocny
Summary: This study models the system of a driven dense colloid mixture in a tube with diameter comparable to particle size. By generalizing the asymmetric simple exclusion process (ASEP) model, the exclusion constraint is relaxed and two species of particles with different sizes and transport coefficients are considered. The nearest-neighbor correlations are calculated using a variant of the Kirkwood approximation, which provides accurate results compared to numerical simulations. However, the Kirkwood approximation is found to be useless for long-range correlations, as it predicts exponential decay while simulation data indicate algebraic decay.
Article
Mathematics, Applied
Christian Maes, Karel Netocny
MOSCOW MATHEMATICAL JOURNAL
(2020)
Article
Physics, Fluids & Plasmas
Yosyp A. Humenyuk, Miroslav Kotrla, Karel Netocny, Frantisek Slanina
Article
Physics, Multidisciplinary
Marco Baiesi, Christian Maes
JOURNAL OF PHYSICS COMMUNICATIONS
(2018)
