Article
Surgery
Glenn Michael La Muraglia, Susan Zeng, Emma S. Crichton, Maylene E. Wagener, Mandy L. Ford, Idelberto Raul Badell
Summary: Research suggests that selective CD28 blockade compared to CTLA-4-Ig can better inhibit Tfh cells, germinal centers, and DSA responses, as well as more effectively control B cell responses. CTLA-4 expression is necessary and sufficient for the improved humoral inhibition observed with selective CD28 blockade.
AMERICAN JOURNAL OF TRANSPLANTATION
(2021)
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Alessandra Colamatteo, Clorinda Fusco, Teresa Micillo, Thomas D'Hooghe, Paola de Candia, Carlo Alviggi, Salvatore Longobardi, Giuseppe Matarese
Summary: Embryo implantation failure and spontaneous abortions are the main causes of infertility in developed countries. The success rate of medically assisted procreation techniques remains relatively low due to incomplete understanding of the various factors involved in implantation and fetal development. Recent research has highlighted the importance of immunogenic tolerance mechanisms in establishing an anti-inflammatory state conducive to a healthy pregnancy. This review explores the role of the immune system in the endometrial-embryo crosstalk, particularly focusing on Foxp3(+) CD4(+)CD25(+) regulatory T (Treg) cells, and discusses recent therapeutic advances in early immune-mediated pregnancy loss.
TRENDS IN MOLECULAR MEDICINE
(2023)
Article
Surgery
Timna Agur, Johannes Wedel, Sayantan Bose, A. G. Pramoda Sahankumari, Daniel Goodman, Sek Won Kong, Chandra C. Ghosh, David M. Briscoe
Summary: The study demonstrates the impact of mevalonate on the immunoregulatory phenotype of endothelial cells and the inhibitory effect of simvastatin on mevalonate metabolism, leading to decreased T cell proliferation and pro-inflammatory cytokine production. These findings suggest the critical role of mevalonate metabolism in sustaining endothelial cell-dependent immune mechanisms.
AMERICAN JOURNAL OF TRANSPLANTATION
(2022)
Article
Surgery
Christina R. Hartigan, Katherine P. Tong, Danya Liu, Sonia J. Laurie, Mandy L. Ford
Summary: Belatacept-based immunosuppression in kidney transplantation has fewer off-target toxicities than calcineurin inhibitors, but increases the incidence and severity of acute rejection. TIGIT, a CD28 family coinhibitory receptor expressed on immune cells including Tregs, may ameliorate rejection resistant to costimulation blockade. Treatment with an agonistic anti-TIGIT antibody in combination with costimulation blockade prolonged allograft survival in a murine skin graft model by increasing infiltrating Tregs and reducing CD8+ T cells in the graft.
AMERICAN JOURNAL OF TRANSPLANTATION
(2023)
Article
Surgery
Arne Sattler, Lion G. Thiel, Annkathrin H. Ruhm, Yasmin Bergmann, Theresa Dornieden, Mira Choi, Fabian Halleck, Frank Friedersdorff, Dennis Eurich, Katja Kotsch
Summary: Immunosuppressants can affect the activation and functional competence of MAIT cells, particularly in liver transplant recipients, leading to impaired activation and function both in vitro and in vivo.
AMERICAN JOURNAL OF TRANSPLANTATION
(2021)
Article
Surgery
Anat R. Tambur, Oriol Bestard, Patricia Campbell, Anita S. Chong, Marta Crespo, Mandy L. Ford, Howard M. Gebel, Sebastiaan Heidt, Michelle Hickey, Annette Jackson, Vasilis Kosmoliaptsis, Carmen Lefaucheur, Kevin Louis, Roslyn B. Mannon, Michael Mengel, Anna Morris, David F. Pinelli, Elaine F. Reed, Carrie Schinstock, Jean-Luc Taupin, Nicole Valenzuela, Chris Wiebe, Peter Nickerson
Summary: The Sensitization in Transplantation: Assessment of Risk workgroup, a collaboration between the American Society of Transplantation and the American Society of Histocompatibility and Immunogenetics, aims to improve histocompatibility testing in support of solid organ transplantation. This report updates previous discussions and introduces two areas of exploration: non-human leukocyte antigen antibodies and the use of human leukocyte antigen antibody testing to evaluate antibody-removal therapies.
AMERICAN JOURNAL OF TRANSPLANTATION
(2023)
Article
Surgery
Christoph Schwarz, Benedikt Mahr, Moritz Muckenhuber, Anna Marianne Weijler, Lukas Walter Unger, Nina Pilat, Michaela Latus, Heinz Regele, Thomas Wekerle
Summary: The study demonstrates that therapy with IL2 complexes can improve the efficacy of CTLA4Ig by counterbalancing its unfavorable effect on Tregs, thereby significantly prolonging allograft survival and improving graft histology effectively.
AMERICAN JOURNAL OF TRANSPLANTATION
(2021)
Review
Medicine, Research & Experimental
Richard Kwizera, Emmanuel Mande, Denis Omali, Samuel Okurut, Sheila Nabweyambo, Rose Nabatanzi, Damalie Nakanjako, David B. Meya
Summary: Expanding clinical and translational research integration in the Uganda healthcare system has the potential to enhance clinical care. Barrier such as limited funding, collaborations, infrastructure and trained personnel hinder translational research but active collaborations and funding can help develop it. Leveraging international collaborations is key to building capacity in translational research.
JOURNAL OF TRANSLATIONAL MEDICINE
(2021)
Article
Surgery
He Sun, Christina R. Hartigan, Ching-wen Chen, Yini Sun, Marvi Tariq, Jennifer M. Robertson, Scott M. Krummey, Aneesh K. Mehta, Mandy L. Ford
Summary: Belatacept offers higher patient and graft survival rates in renal transplant recipients compared to calcineurin inhibitors, but comes with an increased risk of acute rejection. Recent studies have identified three potential risky memory T cell subsets that may contribute to belatacept-resistant rejection. Targeting the TIGIT pathway could be a new therapeutic approach to inhibit belatacept-resistant rejection during transplantation.
AMERICAN JOURNAL OF TRANSPLANTATION
(2021)
Review
Oncology
Peng Jiang, Sanju Sinha, Kenneth Aldape, Sridhar Hannenhalli, Cenk Sahinalp, Eytan Ruppin
Summary: Historically, cancer research has focused on a few essential pathways and genes, but recent advances in high-throughput technologies have led to the rapid accumulation of large-scale cancer omics data. The analysis of this "big data" requires significant computational resources and has the potential to bring new insights to cancer research. The combination of big data, bioinformatics, and artificial intelligence has already made notable advances in our understanding of cancer biology and translational research. Future progress will require collaboration among data scientists, clinicians, biologists, and policymakers.
NATURE REVIEWS CANCER
(2022)
Article
Surgery
Shuangjin Yu, Anil Dangi, Melanie Burnette, Michael M. Abecassis, Edward B. Thorp, Xunrong Luo
Summary: Acute CMV infection disrupts established transplantation tolerance in 50%-60% of recipients during the maintenance stage and leads to recipient allo-sensitization. This disruption reverts allo-specific T cells to a non-tolerant state and promotes their differentiation into allo-specific memory cells, resulting in accelerated rejection of a second same-donor islet allograft. Close monitoring for allo-sensitization is recommended in previously tolerant transplant recipients with disrupted tolerance maintenance due to acute CMV infection.
AMERICAN JOURNAL OF TRANSPLANTATION
(2021)
Article
Surgery
Qiang Fu, Kang Mi Lee, Guoli Huai, Kevin Deng, Divyansh Agarwal, Charles G. Rickert, Noel Feeney, Rudy Matheson, Hongji Yang, Christian LeGuern, Shaoping Deng, James F. Markmann
Summary: Regulatory B cells (Bregs) have been found to have potential as anti-rejection therapy in organ transplantation, particularly Bregs-TLR cells stimulated by TLR ligands that can prevent allograft rejection. These Bregs-TLR cells can suppress B cell proliferation, leading to a decline in antibody responses to antigenically disparate skin grafts. Additionally, the specificity of Breg BCR plays a crucial role in regulation.
AMERICAN JOURNAL OF TRANSPLANTATION
(2021)
Review
Oncology
Sei Sai, Masashi Koto, Shigeru Yamada
Summary: Carbon-ion beam irradiation is superior to conventional photon beams in treating tumors, delivering energy in a well-defined range with minimal scatter. Promising results have been achieved in over 14,000 patients with different types of cancer over the past 28 years.
AMERICAN JOURNAL OF CANCER RESEARCH
(2023)
Review
Oncology
Sei Sai, Masashi Koto, Shigeru Yamada
Summary: Carbon-ion beam irradiation has advantages over conventional photon beams in tumor treatment. It releases a large amount of energy in a well-defined range with minimal scatter in surrounding tissues. Over the past 28 years, QST has treated more than 14,000 patients with various types of cancer and achieved promising results.
AMERICAN JOURNAL OF CANCER RESEARCH
(2023)
Article
Business
Sang-Min Park, Nicholas S. Vonortas
Summary: This paper examines the impact of translational research on knowledge production and biomedical entrepreneurship. The results show that translational research has a small but positive effect on biomedical patents and entrepreneurship, as measured by NIH SBIR grants. Path analysis reveals that the influence of translational research on regional biomedical entrepreneurship is not primarily conveyed through biomedical patents or clinical trials.
SMALL BUSINESS ECONOMICS
(2023)
Article
Surgery
Glenn Michael La Muraglia, Susan Zeng, Emma S. Crichton, Maylene E. Wagener, Mandy L. Ford, Idelberto Raul Badell
Summary: Research suggests that selective CD28 blockade compared to CTLA-4-Ig can better inhibit Tfh cells, germinal centers, and DSA responses, as well as more effectively control B cell responses. CTLA-4 expression is necessary and sufficient for the improved humoral inhibition observed with selective CD28 blockade.
AMERICAN JOURNAL OF TRANSPLANTATION
(2021)