Article
Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
Heather Yoeli, Ranjita Dhital, Susannah Hermaszewska, Jacqueline Sin
Summary: As global health research increasingly adopts participatory and co-productive methods, this meta-ethnographic review focuses on how health research in Nepal engages with epistemological, methodological, and ethical questions. The study found that global collaborations involving Nepali researchers and practitioners use participatory research to promote Western biomedical and psychosocial interventions, while acknowledging both advantages and disadvantages. Recommendations include developing local models and methods for culturally sensitive research to promote active involvement of communities in health care support.
SOCIAL SCIENCE & MEDICINE
(2022)
Review
Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
Janina Isabel Steinert, David Atika Nyarige, Milan Jacobi, Jana Kuhnt, Lennart Kaplan
Summary: This systematic review identified various ethical challenges that research staff may face in LMICs, including role conflicts, feelings of guilt, sexual harassment, safety risks, and political repression. The current ethical standards need urgent amendments to achieve the Sustainable Development Goal 8.8 on 'safe and secure working environments' and protect research staff from harm.
Review
Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
Bridget Pratt
Summary: Global health research aims to improve the health and well-being of disadvantaged and marginalized populations, but designing research projects in a specific way is crucial to reduce health disparities effectively. The 'research for health justice' framework, developed through ethics research, offers guidance to global health researchers and funders on project and grant program design to promote global health equity.
Article
Humanities, Multidisciplinary
Simon West, Caroline Schill
Summary: Methods are often seen as neutral tools for researchers to understand reality, but combining different methods reveals their contested assumptions. Recognizing and negotiating the ethical-political dimensions of research methods is crucial for mixed methods, interdisciplinary, and co-production research. These dimensions are related to different ethical standards generated by different methods and the variable effects of methods in wider society.
HUMANITIES & SOCIAL SCIENCES COMMUNICATIONS
(2022)
Article
Health Care Sciences & Services
Alison Faulkner, Sarah Carr, Dorothy Gould, Christine Khisa, Trish Hafford-Letchfield, Rachel Cohen, Claudia Megele, Jessica Holley
Summary: This study aimed to address the lack of research and practice knowledge relating to targeted violence, abuse, and hostility against people with mental health problems, by collecting data on service user concepts and experiences. The research was user-led and conducted in collaboration with practitioners and academics, emphasizing the value of user leadership in co-productive research on sensitive topics.
HEALTH EXPECTATIONS
(2021)
Editorial Material
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Faten Taki, Jacob Lurie, Gunisha Kaur
Summary: Forcibly displaced persons, such as refugees, face increased risks of physical and mental health conditions. Research on novel healthcare technologies under an ethical framework can provide them with assistance.
Article
Social Sciences, Interdisciplinary
Joseph Donia, James A. Shaw
Summary: The use of AI/ML in healthcare is growing rapidly, making patient and public involvement in the design of these technologies more crucial. However, there are challenges and limitations to co-design as a strategy due to the introduction of new technologies like AI/ML. These new technologies have amplified and modified existing challenges related to patient and public involvement, creating the need to address both old and new issues.
BIG DATA & SOCIETY
(2021)
Article
Neurosciences
Nicholas W. Gilpin, Michael A. Taffe
Summary: Racism poses a threat to public health in the United States. The NIH has acknowledged its own structural racism and committed to eliminating disparities. The biomedical research field needs to prioritize addressing health inequalities among different racial backgrounds.
JOURNAL OF NEUROSCIENCE
(2021)
Article
Engineering, Environmental
N. Doorn
Summary: The current COVID-19 pandemic has highlighted the importance of wastewater research. However, there is a lack of well-established ethical guidelines and legal regulation in this field. This perspective paper explores the ethical questions and risks involved in wastewater research, and emphasizes the need for supervision and guidance in data analysis and utilization.
ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE-WATER RESEARCH & TECHNOLOGY
(2022)
Review
Health Care Sciences & Services
Marta Fadda, Martin Sykora, Suzanne Elayan, Milo A. Puhan, John A. Naslund, Stephen J. Mooney, Emiliano Albanese, Rosalba Morese, Oliver Gruebner
Summary: Spatial approaches to epidemiological research using big social media data provide opportunities to study the relationship between the social and ecological context of data generation and health indicators. However, ethical challenges related to privacy, informed consent, data security, and storage need to be addressed, especially in mental health research using geo-referenced social media data. This article aims to identify the strengths and limitations of current recommendations for addressing ethical issues in mental health research using geo-referenced tweets. It contributes to the ongoing debate on the ethical implications of big data research and provides recommendations for researchers and stakeholders on how to tackle these issues.
Article
Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
Kristine Husoy Onarheim, Kolitha Wickramage, David Ingleby, Supriya Subramani, Ingrid Miljeteig
Summary: Migration health is influenced by decision making at various levels, and ethical challenges must be addressed. An ethical approach provides methods for identifying issues, suggesting solutions, and is relevant for all decision makers involved in migration health.
Review
Ethics
Mickie de Wet, Susan Hannon, Kathleen Hannon, Anna Axelin, Susanne Uusitalo, Irena Bartels, Jessica Eustace-Cook, Ramon Escuriet, Deirdre Daly
Summary: This article systematically reviews the ethical issues arising from pregnant and/or postpartum women's experiences in perinatal mental health research. The key finding is the importance of establishing trust between researchers and participants. Further research in this area is needed due to limited literature.
Article
Oncology
Eric K. Lau
Summary: Based on personal experiences and the current socio-political situation in the US, Eric Lau advocates for proactive actions to combat discrimination and emphasizes the importance of speaking out against oppression. He urges research institutions to prioritize diversity, equity, and inclusion.
NATURE REVIEWS CANCER
(2023)
Review
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Kristina Bakke Aakerblom, Ottar Ness
Summary: Globally, there is a growing interest in employing individuals with health and social service experiences, particularly in the mental health and addiction services. Peer support workers aim to incorporate service users' perspectives, enhance service content and quality, and promote service innovation and change.
Article
Health Policy & Services
Hayley Reed, Simon Murphy, Rhiannon Evans
Summary: This study optimized a framework for the co-production of public health interventions by applying and testing it in real-world secondary school contexts. The study identified four recommendations to improve and integrate co-production into real-world practice.
HEALTH RESEARCH POLICY AND SYSTEMS
(2023)
Article
Health Care Sciences & Services
Phoebe Friesen, Sapfo Lignou, Mark Sheehan, Ilina Singh
Summary: This paper examines the recent trend of measuring impact in psychiatry research and the disconnect between this trend and the ethical justifications for democratization of research. It emphasizes the importance of focusing on ethical reasons rather than solely on impact.
HEALTH EXPECTATIONS
(2021)
Article
Psychology, Clinical
Runsen Chen, Liliana P. Capitao, Philip J. Cowen, Catherine J. Harmer
Summary: The study found that low-dose DCS can enhance specific autobiographical memory retrieval and positive emotional memory, making it an interesting agent for the treatment of depression and a potential adjunct to cognitive behavioral therapy.
PSYCHOLOGICAL MEDICINE
(2021)
Article
Neurosciences
Ainslie Johnstone, Ioana Grigoras, Pierre Petitet, Liliana P. Capitao, Charlotte J. Stagg
Summary: The study showed that the GABA(B) agonist baclofen impairs retention of visuomotor learning but has no significant effect on motor sequence learning. Overall, baclofen did not alter GABA(B) inhibition, but changes in GABA(B) inhibition correlated with aspects of visuomotor learning retention. Further research is needed to investigate the impact of baclofen on motor rehabilitation in patients.
JOURNAL OF PHYSIOLOGY-LONDON
(2021)
Editorial Material
Medicine, General & Internal
Runsen Chen, Zaixu Cui, Liliana Capitao, Gang Wang, Theodore D. Satterthwaite, Catherine Harmer
BMJ-BRITISH MEDICAL JOURNAL
(2020)
Article
Ethics
Gabriela Pavarini, Robyn McMillan, Abigail Robinson, Ilina Singh
Summary: Empirical research in bioethics has rapidly advanced in recent years, with the proposal to establish design bioethics as a field of theoretical and methodological innovation using digital tools, especially purpose-built digital games, to align with theoretical frameworks and achieve situated engagement. Design bioethics tools have the potential to offer unique insights into normative and empirical issues in the field for groups traditionally under-represented in bioethics research and theory.
AMERICAN JOURNAL OF BIOETHICS
(2021)
Article
Ethics
Alex McKeown, Miranda Mourby, Paul Harrison, Sophie Walker, Mark Sheehan, Ilina Singh
Summary: Data platforms represent a new paradigm for health research, allowing for remote access and analysis of pooled datasets to develop better medical approaches. The platform model requires new thinking on consent based on reasonable expectations, integrity, and public engagement. While a social contract approach may seem appealing, it is ultimately misleading in this context, and the legitimacy of the proposal rests on four key requirements.
SCIENCE AND ENGINEERING ETHICS
(2021)
Article
Clinical Neurology
Susann Steudte-Schmiedgen, Emily Fay, Liliana Capitao, Clemens Kirschbaum, Andrea Reinecke
Summary: The study found that administering hydrocortisone can enhance the effectiveness of exposure therapy for spider fear, with significant improvements in self-report and behavioral measures. However, changes in threat bias and levels of endogenous GCs did not predict symptom changes, providing insight for future research.
JOURNAL OF PSYCHOPHARMACOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Psychology, Developmental
Arianna Manzini, Emily J. H. Jones, Tony Charman, Mayada Elsabbagh, Mark H. Johnson, Ilina Singh
Summary: This paper outlines the current research on early markers for autism and highlights the ethical concerns surrounding the understanding of children's neurodevelopment. It emphasizes the importance of collaboration between researchers, autistic individuals, and their families to address early interventions that accommodate diverse experiences and preferences.
JOURNAL OF CHILD PSYCHOLOGY AND PSYCHIATRY
(2021)
Article
Psychology, Clinical
Rita Baiao, Liliana P. Capitao, Cameron Higgins, Michael Browning, Catherine J. Harmer, Philip W. J. Burnet
Summary: This study found that taking probiotics can improve emotional processing and vigilance to neutral faces, reduce reward learning and interference word recall, and lower depression scores. However, these changes were not correlated with changes in emotional processing.
PSYCHOLOGICAL MEDICINE
(2023)
Article
Ethics
Sebastian Sattler, Edward Jacobs, Ilina Singh, David Whetham, Imre Bard, Jonathan Moreno, Gian Galeazzi, Agnes Allansdottir
Summary: Using science and technology to enhance human performance is vital in military activities. However, the utilization of enhancement neurotechnologies in the military context raises ethical concerns. The Hybrid Framework, which integrates bioethical perspectives with military requirements, has been referenced by military and government agencies. Our investigation shows high support for a warfighter's decision-making autonomy but lower support for the view that enhanced warfighters pose a danger after service. This highlights the need for a recontextualization of the relationship between military and civilian ethics.
Article
Psychology, Clinical
Liliana P. Capitao, Robert Chapman, Nicola Filippini, Lucy Wright, Susannah E. Murphy, Anthony James, Philip J. Cowen, Catherine J. Harmer
Summary: This study investigated the neural effects of fluoxetine on emotional reactivity and cognitive reappraisal in adolescent depression. The results showed that depressed adolescents on placebo exhibited reduced visual activation to aversive pictures, while depressed adolescents on fluoxetine showed increased activation in response to aversive pictures.
PSYCHOLOGICAL MEDICINE
(2023)
Article
Health Care Sciences & Services
Vanessa Bennett, Chloe Gill, Pam Miller, Asher Wood, Cassia Bennett, NeurOX Ypag, Ilina Singh
Summary: Involving young people as co-researchers in mental health research is important for ethical and epistemological reasons. This co-produced research explored the experiences of young people seeking help for emotional abuse and neglect online. The flexible approach to co-production aimed to evidence the meaningful role and impacts associated with co-researcher involvement.
HEALTH EXPECTATIONS
(2022)
Article
Ethics
David M. Lyreskog, Hazem Zohny, Julian Savulescu, Ilina Singh
Summary: An increasing number of technologies aim to improve and distribute thinking and decision-making processes. Advances in brain-to-brain interfacing and swarming technologies have the potential to reshape collective and collaborative cognitive tasks in various domains. However, the implementation of these technologies raises ethical concerns and challenges our understanding of collective and individual agency.
Article
Psychiatry
Susannah E. Murphy, Liliana P. Capitao, Sophie L. C. Giles, Philip J. Cowen, Argyris Stringaris, Catherine J. Harmer
Summary: The use of SSRIs for depression and anxiety in young people is rising, but the mechanisms of action are not well understood. Clinical trials have examined the benefits and risks of SSRIs in youth, identifying important outstanding questions for further research and analysis.
Article
Clinical Neurology
Liliana P. Capitao, Robert Chapman, Nicola Filippini, Lucy Wright, Susannah E. Murphy, Anthony James, Phil J. Cowen, Catherine J. Harmer
JOURNAL OF PSYCHOPHARMACOLOGY
(2020)
