Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Ke-En Tan, Yat-Yuen Lim
Summary: circRNAs are a unique class of RNAs found across different species, including viruses. Host circRNAs play a role in immune responses against virus infections, with potential for therapeutic treatment of viral-associated diseases.
Review
Biology
Tongtong Zhu, Guangyi Niu, Yuansheng Zhang, Ming Chen, Chuan-Yun Li, Lili Hao, Zhang Zhang
Summary: Viruses rely on hosts for life and reproduction, causing various symptoms and public health threats. RNA editing plays a crucial role in virus replication, protein synthesis, infectivity, and toxicity. Host-mediated RNA editing sites have been identified in different viruses, but there is still a lack of comprehensive understanding of the mechanisms and effects in different virus classes. This study synthesizes current knowledge of host-mediated RNA editing in viruses, presenting diverse editing mechanisms and effects between viruses and hosts.
Review
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Nisrine Chelkha, Anthony Levasseur, Bernard La Scola, Philippe Colson
Summary: Giant viruses challenge the traditional view of the virosphere with their large size and complex interactions with hosts, exhibiting defense mechanisms against hosts and competing microorganisms. Comparative genomics may aid in identifying genes involved in defense strategies against giant viruses.
ANNALS OF THE NEW YORK ACADEMY OF SCIENCES
(2021)
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Gayan Bamunuarachchi, Samuel Pushparaj, Lin Liu
Summary: Influenza virus infection through seasonal epidemics and occasional pandemics has been a major public health concern for decades. Incomplete protection from vaccination and increased antiviral resistance due to frequent mutations of influenza viruses have led to a continuous need for new therapeutic options. The functional significance of host protein and influenza virus interactions has been established, but relatively less is known about the interaction of host noncoding RNAs, including microRNAs and long noncoding RNAs, with influenza viruses.
Review
Medicine, Research & Experimental
Elizabeth J. Hennessy, Garret A. FitzGerald
Summary: Since the outbreak of the COVID-19 pandemic, researchers have been studying the origin, life cycle, and pathogenesis of the virus, with a focus on how it affects host genetics and immune response. The human epigenome is influenced by various factors, including previous viral infections, which may contribute to the variability in response to SARS-CoV-2. The Review discusses how understanding the influence of viruses on the host epigenome can lead to a precision medicine approach in treating the virus.
JOURNAL OF CLINICAL INVESTIGATION
(2021)
Review
Virology
Md Shamim Akhter, Kenji S. Nakahara, Chikara Masuta
Summary: This review outlines the major viral resistance mechanisms in plants, including R gene-mediated and RNA silencing mechanisms. It also discusses the phenomenon of mutations in host factors functioning as recessive resistance genes, using eIF4E genes as examples. Additionally, it focuses on a new type of virus resistance induced by genome editing technology, which involves specific knockdown of host factors to confer resistance.
Review
Microbiology
Michael S. Overton, Robert D. Manuel, C. Martin Lawrence, Jamie C. Snyder
Summary: Viruses play a crucial role in the evolution and ecology of cellular life. Studying viruses has greatly advanced our understanding of various aspects of living systems. Recent research on archaeal viruses has produced intriguing results, revealing their interactions with cells.
FRONTIERS IN MICROBIOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Microbiology
Beatriz Navarro, Ricardo Flores, Francesco Di Serio
Summary: Viroids are small, single-stranded, circular RNAs that infect plants, representing the lowest complexity level for infectious agents. Despite their small size, they contain RNA structural elements necessary for interacting with host factors during the infectious cycle and serve as models for studying RNA structure-function relationships. Replication occurs through rolling-circle mechanisms in the nuclei or chloroplasts, and viroids can move locally and systemically, eliciting symptoms in infected plants through pathogenic pathways linked to RNA silencing and plant defense responses.
ANNUAL REVIEW OF VIROLOGY, VOL 8
(2021)
Review
Immunology
Lin Lei, Anchun Cheng, Mingshu Wang, Renyong Jia
Summary: This article discusses the relationships between miRNAs in host cells and RNA viruses, including the regulation of gene expression by miRNAs and their impact on RNA virus replication.
FRONTIERS IN CELLULAR AND INFECTION MICROBIOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Medicine, Research & Experimental
Yuchong Wang, Xujun Zhang, Kefan Bi, Hongyan Diao
Summary: MicroRNAs play important roles in regulating virus replication and host antiviral response during H1N1 infection, with some defending against the virus and others promoting viral replication. They are involved in host-viral interactions and have versatile functions in this process.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Jyoti Batra, Hiroyuki Mori, Gabriel Small, Manu Anantpadma, Olena Shtanko, Nawneet Mishra, Mengru Zhang, Dandan Liu, Caroline G. Williams, Nadine Biedenkopf, Stephan Becker, Michael L. Gross, Daisy W. Leung, Robert A. Davey, Gaya K. Amarasinghe, Nevan J. Krogan, Christopher F. Basler
Summary: The Ebola virus VP30 protein interacts with host proteins RBBP6, hnRNP L, hnRNPUL1, and PEG10, modulating viral RNA synthesis and infection. The PPxPxY motifs from these proteins bind VP30, with PxPPPPxY identified as the optimal binding motif. Multiple host proteins target VP30 to regulate viral transcription.
Article
Microbiology
Yukiyo Sato, Sakae Hisano, Carlos Jose Lopez-Herrera, Hideki Kondo, Nobuhiro Suzuki
Summary: In this study, we identified the dsRNA virus partners of three yadokariviruses (YkV3, YkV4a, and YkV4b) with different genome organizations from YkV1, and determined that they are different from YnV1 at the suborder level. These partners were mutually interchangeable between two YkV4 strains and three strains of the partner virus RnMTV1. Unlike YkV1, YkV4s reduced RnMTV1 accumulation and rescued the host fungus from impaired growth induced by RnMTV1. YkV3 had no apparent effect on its partner (RnMBV3) or host fungus. Overall, yadokariviruses partner with diverse dsRNA viruses and show complex mutualistic/antagonistic interactions in a fungus.
Editorial Material
Biology
Debapriyo Chakraborty
Summary: The repeated emergence of similar variants of influenza virus is due to interactions between the virus's RNA segments.
Review
Cell Biology
Carlos Gorbea, Abdalla Elhakiem, Demian Cazalla
Summary: Just like host cells, viruses also express different classes of noncoding RNAs (ncRNAs) to control the cellular environment. These viral ncRNAs have diverse functions, including regulating viral replication, latency/reactivation decision, immune evasion, and cellular transformation. Studying the ncRNAs expressed by adenoviruses and herpesviruses has provided insights into RNA-based mechanisms in host cells.
SEMINARS IN CELL & DEVELOPMENTAL BIOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Entomology
Teng-Fei Zhou, Ze-Tian Lai, Shuang Liu, Jia-Yong Zhou, Yang Liu, Yang Wu, Ye Xu, Kun Wu, Jin-Bao Gu, Gong Cheng, Xiao-Guang Chen
Summary: The study found that PRVABC59 had higher susceptibility to Aedes spp. mosquitoes than FSS13025, and Ae. aegypti was more susceptible to Zika virus than Ae. albopictus. Specific differential expression profiles correlated with Ae. aegypti and Ae. albopictus during PRVABC59 infection, and susceptibility was significantly affected when three targeted genes were successfully knocked down.
