Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Svetlana Rachina, Andrey Bobylev, Pavel Lazarev, Vladimir Mladov, Florence Carrouel, Sergey Avdeev, Roman Kozlov, Denis Bourgeois
Summary: In this case-control study, serum levels of CRP, PCT, and IL-6 were found to be useful for diagnosing CAP in patients with CHF. Among these biomarkers, CRP showed the highest diagnostic utility in this population.
JOURNAL OF CLINICAL MEDICINE
(2021)
Article
Pediatrics
Vinod H. Ratageri, Puspha Panigatti, Aparna Mukherjee, Rashmi R. Das, Jagdish Prasad Goyal, Javeed Iqbal Bhat, Bhadresh Vyas, Rakesh Lodha, Deepak Singhal, Prawin Kumar, Kuldeep Singh, Samarendra Mahapatro, Bashir Ahmad Charoo, S. K. Kabra, K. R. Jat
Summary: The role of serum procalcitonin in diagnosing pediatric community-acquired pneumonia remains controversial. This study aimed to investigate the utility of serum procalcitonin in differentiating bacterial and non-bacterial respiratory infections in children and to assess its usefulness in diagnosing pneumonia. The study found that elevated procalcitonin was significantly associated with radiographic pneumonia, but not with pneumonia based on WHO criteria. However, it can act as a surrogate marker for severe pneumonia.
Article
Immunology
Todd A. Florin, Lilliam Ambroggio, Cole Brokamp, Yin Zhang, Eric S. Nylen, Mantosh Rattan, Eric Crotty, Michael A. Belsky, Sara Krueger, Thomas N. Epperson, Andrea Kachelmeyer, Richard M. Ruddy, Samir S. Shah
Summary: The study found that proADM levels increased with disease severity in children with CAP. ProADM was significantly associated with increased odds of developing severe outcomes, particularly in radiographic CAP.
CLINICAL INFECTIOUS DISEASES
(2021)
Letter
Medicine, General & Internal
Jan O. Friedrich, Elisa Gouvea Bogossian
Summary: In a trial evaluating the efficacy of hydrocortisone in treating community-acquired pneumonia, researchers found a nearly 50% lower 28-day mortality rate in the hydrocortisone group compared to the placebo group. They also observed a higher incidence of septic shock in the placebo group. The trial did not allow the use of open-label glucocorticoids, which may have contributed to the higher mortality rate in the placebo group.
NEW ENGLAND JOURNAL OF MEDICINE
(2023)
Article
Infectious Diseases
Kjersti Oppen, Thor Ueland, Annika E. Michelsen, Pal Aukrust, Trude Steinsvik, Oyvind Skadberg, Cato Brede, William Ward Siljan, Einar Husebye, Jan Cato Holter, Lars Heggelund
Summary: The study found that low levels of hepcidin in hospitalized patients with community-acquired pneumonia can predict 5-year overall mortality, but not short-term adverse outcomes.
INFECTIOUS DISEASES
(2022)
Article
Immunology
Kjersti Oppen, Thor Ueland, William Ward Siljan, Oyvind Skadberg, Cato Brede, Trine Lauritzen, Pal Aukrust, Trude Steinsvik, Einar Husebye, Annika E. Michelsen, Jan Cato Holter, Lars Heggelund
Summary: The study found that hepcidin and ferritin in the blood may serve as potential biomarkers of microbial etiology in community-acquired pneumonia, predicting differences between various pathogen groups, independently of inflammatory markers.
OPEN FORUM INFECTIOUS DISEASES
(2021)
Article
Infectious Diseases
Didem Torumkuney, Puja Nijhara, Cristiana Ossaille Beltrame, Elisama Queiroz Baisch, Ricardo Macarini Ferreira
Summary: Background: Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) is a major threat to global public health, driven by inappropriate use of antibiotics. COVID-19 may have worsened AMR due to unnecessary antibiotic prescribing. This study reviews the situation of AMR in Brazil and initiatives addressing it, aiming to identify areas where more information is needed to take action against AMR and improve patient outcomes.
JOURNAL OF ANTIMICROBIAL CHEMOTHERAPY
(2022)
Review
Infectious Diseases
Catia Cilloniz, Juan Manuel Pericas, Walter H. Curioso
Summary: This article reviews the factors related to CAP-associated outcomes, including host, microorganism, therapeutic approach, and health system organization. The aim is to discuss controversial points and provide recommendations for further research and patient management to improve CAP outcomes, beyond mortality.
EXPERT REVIEW OF ANTI-INFECTIVE THERAPY
(2023)
Article
Immunology
Todd A. Florin, Lilliam Ambroggio, Samir S. Shah, Richard M. Ruddy, Eric S. Nylen, Lauren Balmert
Summary: The study found that the urinary proADM/Cr ratio is associated with disease severity in pediatric community-acquired pneumonia (CAP), serving as a potential predictor for severe outcomes, with stronger discriminatory performance in radiographic CAP.
PEDIATRIC INFECTIOUS DISEASE JOURNAL
(2021)
Article
Immunology
Ting Sun, Xiaojing Wu, Ying Cai, Tianshu Zhai, Linna Huang, Yi Zhang, Qingyuan Zhan
Summary: The study compared the pathogenic diagnosis performance of immunocompromised and immunocompetent patients with severe community-acquired pneumonia (SCAP) using metagenomic next-generation sequencing (mNGS). It was found that immunocompromised patients had a higher rate of mixed pathogens and required more antibiotic adjustments compared to immunocompetent patients. Metagenomic next-generation sequencing (mNGS) may be a useful technique for detecting mixed pathogens and guiding personalized antibiotic treatment in immunocompromised SCAP patients.
FRONTIERS IN CELLULAR AND INFECTION MICROBIOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Immunology
Leigh M. Howard, Kathryn M. Edwards, Yuwei Zhu, Carlos G. Grijalva, Wesley H. Self, Seema Jain, Krow Ampofo, Andrew T. Pavia, Sandra R. Arnold, Jonathan A. McCullers, Evan J. Anderson, Richard G. Wunderink, Derek J. Williams
Summary: Clinical features did not reliably distinguish HMPV-associated pneumonia from other pathogens. HMPV-associated pneumonia was less severe than bacterial and adult RSV pneumonia, but was otherwise as or more severe than other common pathogens.
CLINICAL INFECTIOUS DISEASES
(2021)
Article
Respiratory System
Hannah Lawrence, Tricia M. McKeever, Wei Shen Lim, British Thoracic Soc
Summary: The readmission rates for community-acquired pneumonia (CAP) in the UK have increased over the past decade. This study aimed to describe the cohort of patients who were readmitted within 30 days after hospitalisation for CAP in England and explore the reasons for this. A retrospective analysis was performed using data from the British Thoracic Society audit, and it was found that pneumonia was the most common condition treated on readmission and had a higher mortality rate than other diagnoses.
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Houchen Lyu, Sizheng Zhao, Jiatian Li, Xiaoxiao Li, Yilun Wang, Dongxing Xie, Chao Zeng, Guanghua Lei, Jie Wei, Hui Li
Summary: This study found that denosumab treatment does not significantly increase the susceptibility of community-acquired pneumonia compared to alendronate treatment.
JOURNAL OF CLINICAL ENDOCRINOLOGY & METABOLISM
(2022)
Review
Microbiology
Igor Dumic, Emily Person, Oladapo Igandan, Omobolanle Adetimehin, Charles W. Nordstrom, Christopher Williams, Fnu Shweta
Summary: An immunocompetent patient with community-acquired pneumonia caused by Anaplasma phagocytophilum is reported. The patient presented with fever, cough, and shortness of breath, and imaging showed lung infiltrates. Extensive investigations confirmed anaplasmosis and the patient recovered with doxycycline therapy. Empiric treatments without doxycycline in anaplasmosis pneumonia cases can lead to acute respiratory distress syndrome, therefore clinicians should be aware of this unusual presentation and initiate appropriate antimicrobial regimens.
Article
Infectious Diseases
Didem Torumkuney, Subhashri Kundu, Giap Van Vu, Hoang Anh Nguyen, Hung Van Pham, Praveen Kamble, Ngoc Truong Ha Lan, Nergis Keles
Summary: Vietnam faces challenges in antimicrobial resistance, including excessive antibiotic use, unrestricted sale of antibiotics, and lack of local guidelines. Developing standardized and inclusive local guidelines, improving the appropriateness of antibiotic prescribing, are crucial for controlling resistance development and improving patient clinical outcomes.
JOURNAL OF ANTIMICROBIAL CHEMOTHERAPY
(2022)
Article
Immunology
Boris Shaskolskiy, Dmitry Kravtsov, Ilya Kandinov, Sofya Gorshkova, Alexey Kubanov, Victoria Solomka, Dmitry Deryabin, Ekaterina Dementieva, Dmitry Gryadunov
Summary: This study performed a comparative whole-genome analysis of different Neisseria gonorrhoeae isolates, revealing specific genes for each sequence type and their association with changes in the gonococcal genetic island (GGI) and antibiotic susceptibility. Moreover, the evolutionary pathways of N. gonorrhoeae may involve changes in adhesion and virulence-associated genes, GGI structure, and genes related to host adaptation or biochemical pathways.
FRONTIERS IN CELLULAR AND INFECTION MICROBIOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Alexey S. Kononikhin, Natalia Zakharova, Savva D. Semenov, Anna E. Bugrova, Alexander G. Brzhozovskiy, Maria I. Indeykina, Yana B. Fedorova, Igor Kolykhalov, Polina A. Strelnikova, Anna Yu Ikonnikova, Dmitry A. Gryadunov, Svetlana Gavrilova, Evgeny N. Nikolaev
Summary: Early recognition of Alzheimer's disease onset is a global challenge. This study used proteomic analysis to confirm a panel of consistent protein markers associated with AD, providing a potential method for reliable screening.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2022)
Article
Microbiology
Ilya Kandinov, Dmitry Gryadunov, Alexandra Vinokurova, Olga Antonova, Alexey Kubanov, Victoria Solomka, Julia Shagabieva, Dmitry Deryabin, Boris Shaskolskiy
Summary: This study found that Neisseria gonorrhoeae strains carrying plasmids exhibited high-level resistance to β-lactam antibiotics. However, these plasmid-carrying strains showed reduced viability, possibly due to the additional reproduction costs of the plasmid and the expression of ESBLs. This finding may explain the absence of ESBL-producing N. gonorrhoeae clinical isolates.
FRONTIERS IN MICROBIOLOGY
(2022)
Editorial Material
Microbiology
Boris Shaskolskiy, Ilya Kandinov, Ekaterina Dementieva, Dmitry Gryadunov
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Boris Shaskolskiy, Dmitry Kravtsov, Ilya Kandinov, Ekaterina Dementieva, Dmitry Gryadunov
Summary: Chromosomal rearrangements and mobile elements were studied in N. gonorrhoeae and N. meningitidis, revealing a stronger correlation between gene order changes and phylogenetic proximity in N. meningitidis. Multiple mobile elements were identified to be involved in chromosomal rearrangements.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2022)
Article
Genetics & Heredity
Olga Abramova, Kristina Soloveva, Yana Zorkina, Dmitry Gryadunov, Anna Ikonnikova, Elena Fedoseeva, Marina Emelyanova, Aleksandra Ochneva, Nika Andriushchenko, Konstantin Pavlov, Olga Pavlova, Valeriya Ushakova, Timur Syunyakov, Alisa Andryushchenko, Olga Karpenko, Victor Savilov, Marat Kurmishev, Denis Andreuyk, Olga Gurina, Vladimir Chekhonin, Georgy Kostyuk, Anna Morozova
Summary: Dementia has significant implications for patients and the healthcare system. This study investigates the potential link between genetic variants associated with suicide risk and the risk of cognitive decline in older adults. The results suggest that certain genetic markers, including APOE epsilon 4 and APOE epsilon 2, are associated with an increased risk of dementia.
Article
Infectious Diseases
Ilya Kandinov, Boris Shaskolskiy, Dmitry Kravtsov, Alexandra Vinokurova, Sofya Gorshkova, Alexey Kubanov, Victoria Solomka, Julia Shagabieva, Dmitry Deryabin, Ekaterina Dementieva, Dmitry Gryadunov
Summary: The aim of this study was to analyze genetic resistance determinants and study the resistance to macrolides (azithromycin) in the modern Russian population of N. gonorrhoeae. Although azithromycin is not used to treat gonococcal infection in Russia, 13.6% of the 162 collected isolates in 2020-2021 exhibited phenotypic resistance to azithromycin. Mutations in 23S rRNA genes were only found in two isolates, while the erm and mefA genes were absent. Azithromycin resistance was mainly associated with mutations in the mtrR and mtrD genes of the MtrCDE efflux pump, as well as mosaic alleles formed due to horizontal transfer from N. meningitidis. A total of 30 types of mtrR alleles and 10 types of mtrD alleles, including mosaic variants, were identified. The matching between mtrR and mtrD alleles indicated cooperative molecular evolution of these genes. The association between mtrR and mtrD alleles and NG-MAST types was only found in NG-MAST 228 and 807, which are typical of N. gonorrhoeae in Russia. The high level of azithromycin resistance in Russia may be related to the spread of multiple transferable resistance to antimicrobials, regardless of their use in the treatment of gonococcal infection.
Article
Health Care Sciences & Services
Nurana Nuralieva, Marina Yukina, Leila Sozaeva, Maxim Donnikov, Liudmila Kovalenko, Ekaterina Troshina, Elizaveta Orlova, Dmitry Gryadunov, Elena Savvateeva, Ivan Dedov
Summary: In this study, three different methods (multiplex microarray-based, cell-based, and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay) were compared for detecting anti-IFN-I antibodies. The microarray-based assay showed 100% specificity and sensitivity, demonstrating good agreement in screening for anti-IFN-I antibody positive patients.
JOURNAL OF PERSONALIZED MEDICINE
(2022)
Article
Microbiology
Dmitry Kravtsov, Dmitry Gryadunov, Boris Shaskolskiy
Summary: The aim of this study was to investigate the genetic diversity of the gonococcal genetic island (GGI) responsible for the type IV secretion system (T4SS) and its association with antimicrobial resistance. Analysis of 14,763 genomes of N. gonorrhoeae isolates from 68 countries revealed the existence of 51 GGI clusters and three GGI superclusters, reflecting differences in T4SS functionality. The presence of a functional GGI was found to be significantly associated with resistance to ciprofloxacin, cefixime, tetracycline, and penicillin, but not azithromycin resistance.
Article
Microbiology
Ilya Kandinov, Ekaterina Dementieva, Marina Filippova, Alexandra Vinokurova, Sofya Gorshkova, Alexey Kubanov, Victoria Solomka, Julia Shagabieva, Dmitry Deryabin, Boris Shaskolskiy, Dmitry Gryadunov
Summary: The factors affecting the emergence of azithromycin-resistant Neisseria gonorrhoeae isolates in Russia were determined through the analysis of clinical isolates collected from 2018 to 2021. The emergence of azithromycin resistance in Russia in 2020 was attributed to the spread of European N. gonorrhoeae strains belonging to the G12302 genogroup. A hydrogel DNA microarray was developed to analyze resistance determinants, and it was found that the resistance was associated with specific genetic mutations.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Olga Abramova, Yana Zorkina, Valeriya Ushakova, Dmitry Gryadunov, Anna Ikonnikova, Elena Fedoseeva, Marina Emelyanova, Aleksandra Ochneva, Irina Morozova, Konstantin Pavlov, Timur Syunyakov, Alisa Andryushchenko, Victor Savilov, Marat Kurmishev, Denis Andreuyk, Svetlana Shport, Olga Gurina, Vladimir Chekhonin, Georgy Kostyuk, Anna Morozova
Summary: This study aimed to identify immune blood biomarkers associated with changes in cognitive function in patients with mild cognitive impairment (MCI). The results showed that concentrations of EGF, Eotaxin, GRO, IL-8, MCP-1, and MDC increased after cognitive training in MCI patients, and these biomarkers exhibited weak correlations with other immune parameters. Additionally, differences in concentrations of IP-10, FGF-2, TGFa, and VEGF in MCI patients were associated with APOE genotype.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2023)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
A. A. Kubanov, V. S. Solomka, M. V. Shpilevaya, D. A. Verbenko, D. G. Deryabin, I. D. Kandinov, E. I. Dementieva, D. A. Gryadunov, B. L. Shaskolskiy
Summary: The study aimed to molecularly type Neisseria gonorrhoeae clinical isolates in Russia to identify epidemiologically significant sequence types carrying a penA gene allele with reduced sensitivity to third-generation cephalosporins. The study revealed the diversity of current N. gonorrhoeae sequence types carrying the mosaic penA gene allele and identified a multi-resistance clone of global public health concern.
MOLECULAR GENETICS MICROBIOLOGY AND VIROLOGY
(2022)
Article
Medicine, Research & Experimental
Ekaterina Troshina, Marina Yukina, Nurana Nuralieva, Evgeny Vasilyev, Olga Rebrova, Ravida Akhmatova, Anna Ikonnikova, Elena Savvateeva, Dmitry Gryadunov, Galina Melnichenko, Natalia Mokrysheva
Summary: This study assessed the correlations between clinical features, comorbidity, and alleles of HLA class II system genes in patients with moderate and severe COVID-19. The study found that certain alleles of the HLA DQB1 gene were associated with the severity of COVID-19, while other factors such as gender, age, smoking, and comorbidity were not. Carriers of specific alleles may be more susceptible to COVID-19, while others may have a protective effect.