Article
Substance Abuse
Dominika Kwasnicka, Massoud Boroujerdi, Aileen O'Gorman, Martin Anderson, Peter Craig, Louise Bowman, Mark McCann
Summary: The study used an N-of-1 design to assess psychological and social factors associated with daily alcohol consumption before and after the implementation of minimum unit pricing in Scotland. Findings showed that factors related to daily alcohol consumption varied between individuals, with some reducing drinking post-MUP, but for different reasons.
Article
Substance Abuse
Genevieve David, Richard Cooper, Simon Dixon, John Holmes
Summary: This study explored the decision-making practices of licensing authorities under the UK's Licensing Act, revealing that when members of the public opposed license applications, authorities employed procedural fairness, partnership working, and framing as key practices to resolve conflicts. These practices represent a pragmatic process aimed at restoring balance in powers and improving transparency in decision-making.
Article
Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
J. Nicholls, R. O'Donnell, L. Mahon, N. Fitzgerald, ExILEnS Consortium
Summary: This study investigates the perspectives of UK stakeholders on the actual and potential impact of a public health licensing objective in their day-to-day work. The findings reveal that in Scottish areas where the public health licensing objective has been implemented, the alcohol licensing system is adapting to better incorporate public health goals. In England, public health teams that have engaged in this area have demonstrated their ability to work effectively within licensing systems.
Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Tim Stockwell, Norman Giesbrecht, Kate Vallance, Ashley Wettlaufer
Summary: Effective government policies to reduce the harm of alcohol consumption have been shown to be effective, but they often face resistance from powerful commercial interests.
Article
Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
Claudia Zucca, Emily Long, Jeremy Hilton, Mark McCann
Summary: This study evaluates the opportunity and feasibility of implementing complexity approaches in the public health sector in Scotland, identifying obstacles such as lack of shared understanding and stakeholders' concerns about disruption. Recommendations include training and customization to enable the success of complexity approaches within the Scottish context. The assessment framework developed in this study could be useful for studying early-stage policy implementation in different contexts.
FRONTIERS IN PUBLIC HEALTH
(2021)
Article
Substance Abuse
Niamh Fitzgerald, Francesco Manca, Isabelle Uny, Jack Gregor Martin, Rachel O'Donnell, Allison Ford, Amelie Begley, Martine Stead, Jim Lewsey
Summary: The COVID-19 pandemic led to significant changes in alcohol availability, including closures, curfews, and restrictions, with potential long-term risks for public health such as increased home drinking. Research findings showed a decrease in alcohol-related ambulance callouts during the pandemic, but highlighted potential long-term risks associated with increased home drinking.
DRUG AND ALCOHOL REVIEW
(2022)
Article
Substance Abuse
David A. Leon, Elad Yom-Tov, Anne M. Johnson, Mark Petticrew, Elizabeth Williamson, Vasileios Lampos, Ingemar Cox
Summary: The study found that after the introduction of minimum unit pricing (MUP) in Scotland in May 2018, there was an increase in queries related to finding online alcohol retailers, suggesting a possible attempt to circumvent the policy. Additionally, the higher number of alcohol-related queries in Scotland compared to England throughout 2018 indicates differences in alcohol consumption and harms between the two countries.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Jo-An Occhipinti, Adam Skinner, Samantha Carter, Jacinta Heath, Kenny Lawson, Katherine McGill, Rod McClure, Ian B. Hickie
Summary: This study examines how coordinated decision-making between federal and state governments, as well as effective investments, can be used to significantly reduce suicide rates. The results suggest that investments in mental health should focus on coordination and joint decision-making to achieve optimal outcomes.
SCIENTIFIC REPORTS
(2021)
Article
Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
A. K. Stevely, D. Mackay, M. H. Alava, A. Brennan, P. S. Meier, A. Sasso, J. Holmes
Summary: The introduction of minimum unit price policy in Scotland did not reduce the proportion of harmful drinkers, but it did decrease the prevalence of hazardous drinking.
Article
Economics
Benjamin Blumenthal
Summary: Voters are often unable to effectively monitor politicians, as politicians are expected to implement projects that benefit interest groups instead of voters. This article examines how the involvement of interest groups in policymaking can impact voters' welfare and explains why voters may not fully monitor politicians in the presence of interest groups that can capture the benefits of projects and influence policymaking.
JOURNAL OF LAW ECONOMICS & ORGANIZATION
(2023)
Article
Substance Abuse
Alan Brennan, Colin Angus, Robert Pryce, Penny Buykx, Madeleine Henney, Duncan Gillespie, John Holmes, Petra S. Meier
Summary: This study investigated the potential effectiveness of implementing minimum unit price (MUP) policies at regional and local levels compared with national implementation. The results showed that implementing a local 0.50 pound MUP for alcohol in northern English regions is estimated to result in larger percentage reductions in harms than the national average.
Article
Law
Gianclaudio Malgieri, Frank Pasquale
Summary: The regulation of AI has relied on reactive tools and should shift towards a proactive approach with quality control measures and licensing requirements. AI developers need to demonstrate that their technology meets clear requirements for security, non-discrimination, accuracy, appropriateness, and correctability before deployment. The proposed AI Act is a first step towards an ex ante licensure regime but needs to be strengthened in scope and transparency.
COMPUTER LAW & SECURITY REVIEW
(2024)
Article
Substance Abuse
Mark Robinson, Daniel Mackay, Lucie Giles, Jim Lewsey, Elizabeth Richardson, Clare Beeston
Summary: The implementation of minimum unit pricing for alcohol in Scotland in 2018 appears to have been associated with a reduction in off-trade alcohol sales after its first year, particularly driven by reduced sales of spirits, cider, and perry beverage categories.
Article
Development Studies
Stephen Peckham, Bob Hudson, David Hunter, Sam Redgate
Summary: The successful implementation of policies is often overlooked, but especially crucial in complex policy areas. The implementation support programme provided by the English Department of Health for the Care Act can enhance implementation likelihood, particularly in complex contexts and policy situations.
SOCIAL POLICY & ADMINISTRATION
(2022)
Article
Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
Zhong Wang, Rui Xu, Yan Liu, Yiming Li
Summary: This study investigates the impact mechanism of telemedicine platform licensing policy on platform models in China using the method of multi-case study and the theory of policy implementation. The findings reveal that there are three types of platform models in China: medical institution platform, Internet company platform, and local government platform. Bargaining power, reputation mechanism, and resource specificity are important dimensions in analyzing platform models. The impact between licensing policy and platform model is dynamic and bidirectional.
FRONTIERS IN PUBLIC HEALTH
(2023)