Article
Thermodynamics
Janitha C. Bandara, Rajan Jaiswal, Henrik K. Nielsen, Britt M. E. Moldestad, Marianne S. Eikeland
Summary: Gasification is an attractive method for biomass-to-energy conversion and fluidized bed design is considered one of the best options for large-scale operation. The study found that as the temperature increases, carbon conversion rate improves, but nitrogen dilution at high temperatures may counteract the carbon conversion to a certain extent.
Article
Green & Sustainable Science & Technology
R. Garcia, M. Gil, A. Fanjul, A. Gonzalez, J. Majada, F. Rubiera, C. Pevida
Summary: This study proposes using solid biochar obtained from pyrolysis of eucalyptus as an additive to produce enhanced pine sawdust pellets. Adding small amounts of biochar can improve the pellets' water resistance and grindability, while providing durability, net calorific value, energy density, and particle density values. The proposed pellets meet the quality standards for domestic and industrial wood pellets. The production of these mixed pellets is expected to result in cost savings compared to raw pellets.
Article
Agricultural Engineering
Nattawut Setkit, Xian Li, Hong Yao, Nakorn Worasuwannarak
Summary: The study revealed significant differences in torrefaction behavior between hot-pressed pellets (HP) and Raw or cold-pressed pellets (CP), with HP showing higher mass and energy yields after torrefaction. Gas formation analysis indicated that HP torrefaction accelerated dehydration and deoxygenation reactions, producing a large amount of H2O and CO2.
BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Green & Sustainable Science & Technology
Rajan Parajuli
Summary: The production of industrial wood pellets for overseas exports has grown considerably in the Southern United States since the early 2010s. This study examines the impact of wood pellet production, precipitation, and the COVID-19 Pandemic on hardwood and softwood pulpwood stumpage prices in 12 southeastern Atlantic coastal micro-markets. Results show that the wood pellet industry has led to an increase in pine pulpwood prices, while rainfall is a positive determinant of roundwood pulpwood prices. Additionally, the COVID-19 Pandemic is estimated to lead to a 6% decline in both pine and hardwood pulpwood prices since March 2020.
JOURNAL OF CLEANER PRODUCTION
(2021)
Article
Chemistry, Applied
Maddalen Puyadena, Idoia Etxeberria, Gurutze Ortega, Oihane Sanz, Amaia Agirre, Agurtzane Mugica, Eider Matxinandiarena, Aitor Barrio, Alba Gonzalez, Lourdes Irusta
Summary: Hydrophobic polyurethane/acrylic hybrid dispersions were obtained for exterior wood coatings by adding melamine as an additive. The addition of melamine improved the transparency, adhesion, and water resistance of the coatings, but did not significantly change the fire behavior of the coatings.
PROGRESS IN ORGANIC COATINGS
(2024)
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Luis Cutz, Ursa Tiringer, Wiebren de Jong, Arjan Mol
Summary: Long transport distances and extended storage of biomass pellets can lead to degradation due to moisture sorption. We developed a low-cost and environmentally friendly coating to reduce this degradation. The coating, based on TEOS and GPTMS precursors, was applied to untreated and torrefied wood pellets and significantly increased the water contact angle after a month of storage in a humid environment.
MATERIALS CHEMISTRY AND PHYSICS
(2023)
Review
Energy & Fuels
Marcia Borghetti, Oscar de Almeida Neuwald, Everton Hillig, Marcelo Godinho
Summary: This study compares the performance of biomass in its crude form and densified form in CO2 gasification processes, and suggests a promising application for densified biomass residues in thermochemical processes.
BIOMASS CONVERSION AND BIOREFINERY
(2022)
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Natalia P. Prorokova, Tatyana Yu Kumeeva, Igor Kholodkov
Summary: This paper presents a comparative analysis of the surface structure and morphology of hydrophobic coatings formed on a polyester fabric from various types of low molecular weight tetrafluoroethylenes. The study evaluates the contact angle, water absorption, and resistance to wear-washing, dry cleaning and abrasion of the coatings. The results show that the plasticity of the coating affects the hydrophobic properties of the fabric.
Article
Forestry
Emanuele Cesprini, Rosa Greco, Valerio Causin, Tiziana Urso, Raffaele Cavalli, Michela Zanetti
Summary: Europe supports the use of energy from renewable sources to reduce the use of fossil fuels, with wood waste being exploited as a renewable energy source for producing solid biofuels. The study shows that the adhesive present in wood waste does not affect the material's characteristics, making it suitable for the production of solid biofuels.
EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF WOOD AND WOOD PRODUCTS
(2021)
Article
Green & Sustainable Science & Technology
Mindaugas Aikas, Dovile Gimzauskaite, Andrius Tamosiunas, Rolandas Uscila, Vilma Snapkauskiene
Summary: Plasma technologies are being explored as a potential method to convert biomass/waste into valuable intermediate products to meet the increasing energy demands. An experimental study was conducted to investigate the gasification of wood pellets into synthesis gas in a thermal air plasma environment. The effects of plasma torch power, plasma-forming gas flow rate, and equivalence ratio on biomass gasification were analyzed.
CLEAN TECHNOLOGIES AND ENVIRONMENTAL POLICY
(2023)
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Jaqueline de Oliveira Brotto, Julia da Silveira Salla, Jean Constantino Gomes da Silva, Enrique Rodriguez-Castellon, Humberto Jorge Jose, Suelen Maria de Amorim, Regina de Fatima Peralta Muniz Moreira
Summary: The aim of this study is to investigate the thermal behavior of Pinus wood pellets during torrefaction under different operational conditions and evaluate the potential application of the torrefied product in metallurgical processes. The experimental results showed that high torrefaction temperature and residence time decreased the mass yield. The best torrefaction conditions for biomass with potential application in metallurgical processes were in an inert atmosphere, at 290 degrees C and a residence time of 15 min.
JOURNAL OF MATERIALS RESEARCH AND TECHNOLOGY-JMR&T
(2022)
Article
Energy & Fuels
Martha Andreia Brand, Taise Mariano Rodrigues, Julio Peretti da Silva, Juliana de Oliveira
Summary: This study analyzed the quality of pellets produced with different blends containing rice husk, rice straw, rice husk ash, and Pinus spp. shavings, finding that rice straw and Pinus spp. shavings significantly affect the physical and energetic properties of the pellets. Including rice straw and Pinus spp. shavings in the blends can improve the quality of the pellets.
Article
Energy & Fuels
Pedro Abelha, Mariusz K. Cieplik
Summary: Solid biofuels, including steam-exploded pellets, offer a greener alternative to fossil fuels, but present different properties such as dust formation, ignitability, and self-heating behavior, leading to potential fire and explosion risks that must be addressed before widespread industrial implementation.
Article
Polymer Science
Lijie Qu, Sohrab Rahimi, Jing Qian, Luxi He, Zhengbin He, Songlin Yi
Summary: A hydrophobic coating was prepared on wood surface using TEOS and MTES as precursors, and the effects of MTES/TEOS molar ratio and aging heat treatment temperature on coating properties were analyzed. Higher MTES/TEOS molar ratio increased hydrophobicity, but excessive MTES could decrease it.
POLYMER DEGRADATION AND STABILITY
(2021)
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Naiheng Song, Ali Benmeddour
Summary: Novel slippery polyurethane coatings with high surface hydrophobicity and superior erosion resistance have been developed to protect fast moving aerodynamic structures against ice accretion. The coatings exhibit good compatibility with the polyurethane matrix and provide effective surface hydrophobicity and slipperiness, resulting in low ice adhesion strength and low erosion rates.
APPLIED SCIENCES-BASEL
(2022)
Article
Agricultural Engineering
G. Grasa, I. Martinez, R. Murillo
Summary: Gasification kinetics of six chars from residual origin were studied under relatively low temperature, low CO2, and high H2O partial pressures. The Random Pore Model (RPM) showed the best fit to experimental results, but the selection of the reaction model depended on the ash composition, specifically the presence of alkali and alkaline earth metals. Chars with ash content higher than 30% wt. were modeled with the RPM model, while chars with the highest K/Si ratio required modified versions of the RPM to accurately predict reaction rates. Textural properties played a key role in determining reaction parameters, such as the pre-exponential factor and activation energy, for chars with similar ash content and composition.
BIOMASS & BIOENERGY
(2024)
Review
Agricultural Engineering
V. Godvin Sharmila, Surya Prakash Shanmugavel, J. Rajesh Banu
Summary: Proper treatment and disposal of biomass waste is crucial to prevent environmental deposition and its negative impacts. Biofuel has emerged as a potential alternative to fossil fuels, reducing carbon emissions and meeting global energy demands. This review examines different biomass waste conversion techniques and explores the production of biofuels with zero carbon emissions. Research on anaerobic treatment, metabolic engineering, and artificial intelligence has been conducted to enhance biofuel production efficiency.
BIOMASS & BIOENERGY
(2024)
Review
Agricultural Engineering
Selvakumar Periyasamy, Adane Asefa Adego, P. Senthil Kumar, G. G. Desta, T. Zelalem, V. Karthik, J. Beula Isabel, Mani Jayakumar, Venkatesa Prabhu Sundramurthy, Gayathri Rangasamy
Summary: Valorizing agricultural waste into valuable products is crucial for environmental protection and bioeconomy advancement. Preprocessing of agricultural waste is a critical step to convert free carbohydrate molecules for final conversion, and factors such as biomass nature, feed loading, pH, temperature, and time influence the process. This review provides comprehensive information on agricultural waste availability, preprocessing techniques, and factors influencing performance.
BIOMASS & BIOENERGY
(2024)
Article
Agricultural Engineering
Aqueel Ahmad, Ashok Kumar Yadav, Achhaibar Singh, Dinesh Kumar Singh
Summary: The study focuses on predicting and optimizing the yield of biogas production in an anaerobic digester using co-digestion. Experimental data was used to develop a machine learning-based prognostic model, and the Response Surface Methodology (RSM) was employed to optimize the parameters. The results demonstrate that RSM coupled with machine learning is an effective technique for modeling, predicting, and optimizing biogas production yield.
BIOMASS & BIOENERGY
(2024)
Article
Agricultural Engineering
Yijing Zhong, Wenxiang Zhai, Xinli Wei
Summary: This paper studies the thermal stability and decomposition of cork materials with and without silica aerogel filler. The results show that the decomposition is inhibited and the pyrolysis is significantly reduced with the addition of silica aerogel. This finding suggests that silica aerogel-infused cork may be a promising raw material for biofuel production with reduced environmental pollution.
BIOMASS & BIOENERGY
(2024)