Editorial Material
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Devi Sridhar
Summary: The COVID-19 pandemic has shown us the importance of preparing for future outbreaks and responding more effectively.
Article
Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
Courtney L. McNamara, Ronald Labonte, Ashley Schram, Belinda Townsend
Summary: The global trading system is shifting from multilateral trade negotiations to regional and bilateral free trade agreements, posing new challenges for public health. Key terms are introduced and explained to highlight the impact of FTA provisions and the current political context along with the COVID-19 pandemic on contemporary trade environment.
JOURNAL OF EPIDEMIOLOGY AND COMMUNITY HEALTH
(2021)
Editorial Material
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Kristina Campbell
Summary: The article discusses how health-care professionals and public-health officials can collaborate to detect and prevent disease outbreaks.
Review
Medicine, General & Internal
Aidan Huang, Yuling Lin, Liyuan Zhang, Jingwen Dong, Qiwei He, Kun Tang
Summary: This scoping review examines existing multicountry indices and assessment tools used globally to evaluate health governance, highlighting their differences and similarities. By analyzing their strengths and weaknesses, it discusses the feasibility and necessity of establishing a new global health governance index or consensus framework.
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Chloe Clifford Astbury, Kirsten M. Lee, Raphael Aguiar, Asma Atique, Marilen Balolong, Janielle Clarke, Ronald Labonte, Arne Ruckert, Kathleen Chelsea Togno, A. M. Viens, M. Wiktorowicz, Amy Yau, Tarra L. Penney
Summary: This review aims to analyze evaluations of public policies targeting the prevention of zoonotic spillover events. Using a systematic scoping review methodology, data will be screened and extracted to evaluate the effectiveness and impact of policies. The findings of this study will provide valuable insights into the current status of policy evaluations on preventing zoonotic spillover.
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Sarah D. Kowitt, Dien Anshari, Elizabeth N. Orlan, KyungSu Kim, Leah M. Ranney, Adam O. Goldstein, M. Justin Byron
Summary: After the implementation of an e-liquid tax in Indonesia, the price of e-liquid slightly increased, leading to a decrease in both e-cigarette and cigarette use among participants. Participants who reduced e-cigarette use were more likely to increase cigarette use. As e-cigarette use declined, cigarette use frequency increased.
Article
Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
Obichukwu Iwunna, Jonathan Kennedy, Andrew Harmer
Summary: Since the 1970s, voluntary contributions have played a significant role in WHO's budget. However, there are concerns that donor-specified funding has led to a diversion of focus and undermined WHO's democratic structures. The share of voluntary contributions has steadily increased, with high-income countries being the main contributors.
Article
Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
Chalapati Rao, Aashish Gupta, Mamta Gupta, Ajit Kumar Yadav
Summary: This study aimed to estimate premature adult mortality in India between 30 and 70 years old in 2017 using various data sources. Significant variations in mortality estimates were found among different sources for each state, with Bihar, Maharashtra, Tamil Nadu, Uttar Pradesh, and West Bengal accounting for half of the total deaths. The findings suggest the need for more reliable empirical data to address UNSDGs and improve mortality statistics programs in India.
Article
Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
David Mccoy, Stephen Roberts, Salma Daoudi, Jonathan Kennedy
Summary: This paper discusses the emergence and growth of the health-security nexus in relation to COVID-19 and global health security. It presents two contrasting approaches to health security and proposes a novel heuristic to broaden the conceptualization of global health security. The paper highlights the potential for harmful consequences, erosion of global health norms, and the risk of co-opting health actors by the security sector.
Article
Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
Nivedita Saksena, Rahul Matthan, Anant Bhan, Satchit Balsari
Summary: The National Digital Health Mission (NDHM) in India will have significant implications on healthcare delivery, population health planning, and individual rights and privacy. Traditional mechanisms may not be adequate to protect individual autonomy in a digitised ecosystem.
Article
Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
Roengrudee Patanavanich, Stanton A. Glantz
Summary: Until 1990, transnational tobacco companies (TTCs) attempted to access the Thai cigarette market through political lobbying, advertising, and promotion, eventually succeeding in liberalizing the market with US trade sanctions. Similarly, since 2017, Philip Morris International has worked with pro-e-cigarette groups to pressure Thailand's government to allow sales of electronic nicotine delivery systems, despite their illegality under Thai law.
Review
Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
Svetlana Akselrod, Tea E. Collins, Daria Berlina, Amy Collins, Luke N. Allen
Summary: Since the original UN General Assembly 'special session' for HIV/AIDS, there have been numerous health-related high-level meetings (HLMs), including those for non-communicable diseases (NCDs) and universal health coverage. This paper evaluates the impact of these meetings on funding allocations, domestic NCD policy implementation, and international engagement through analysis of attendance data and country delegation statements ('interventions'). Despite increased political exposure and commitments, especially for NCDs, this has not always translated into national policies or increased funding, even for countries deeply involved in HLMs. These findings suggest the need to focus on translating commitments into sustained funding and action.
Article
Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
Liangmin Gao, Junfang Xu
Summary: China's public health engagement (CPHE) in Africa has become an essential part of China's health aid and cooperation. It involves public health infrastructure construction, malaria control, participation in public health emergencies and the provision of global public goods. However, CPHE faces challenges in its practices due to cross-cultural differences and the lack of multidisciplinary engagement.
Article
Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
Clara Affun-Adegbulu, Theo Cosaert, Marie Meudec, Joris Michielsen, Remco van de Pas, Sara Van Belle, Willem Van De Put, Werner Soors, Fiona Robertson, Charles Ddungu
Summary: In a global context, the harmful consequences of colonialism and coloniality are being increasingly acknowledged, leading to calls for decolonisation. This raises questions for entities that played a role in colonial projects, such as the Institute of Tropical Medicine (ITM) in Belgium, on how to address their colonial past while striving for decolonisation. This article aims to contribute to the existing literature by sharing the ITM's experiences and engaging with others undertaking similar initiatives.
Article
Environmental Sciences
Mengmeng Yan
Summary: This study found disparities in mortality rates of ischemic heart diseases related to ambient PM2.5 among states in the United States, with higher rates for males than for females, but the disparities have decreased in recent years. Additionally, some states showed an increasing trend in mortality rates of ischemic heart diseases related to ambient PM2.5.
Editorial Material
Pediatrics
Neena Modi, Gabriella Conti, Mark Hanson
ARCHIVES OF DISEASE IN CHILDHOOD
(2022)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
E. Antoun, P. Titcombe, K. Dalrymple, N. T. Kitaba, S. J. Barton, Ac Flynn, R. Murray, E. S. Garratt, P. T. Seed, S. L. White, Cyrus Cooper, H. M. Inskip, M. Hanson, L. Poston, K. M. Godfrey, K. A. Lillycrop
Summary: The study identified neonatal methylation changes associated with birthweight and specific maternal factors, suggesting potential insights into developmental pathways affecting birthweight and surrogate markers for adverse prenatal exposures linked to non-communicable diseases.
Article
Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
Wenneke van Weelden, Paul T. Seed, Elie Antoun, Keith M. Godfrey, Negusse T. Kitaba, Karen A. Lillycrop, Kathryn Dalrymple, Agata Sobczynska-Malefora, Rebecca C. Painter, Lucilla Poston, Sara L. White, Angela C. Flynn
Summary: This study found no evidence to link folate and vitamin B12 status with the differential methylation of neonatal DNA previously observed in association with dysglycaemia. However, higher folate levels may be associated with maternal glucose homoeostasis.
JOURNAL OF DEVELOPMENTAL ORIGINS OF HEALTH AND DISEASE
(2022)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Philip Titcombe, Robert Murray, Matthew Hewitt, Elie Antoun, Cyrus Cooper, Hazel M. Inskip, Joanna D. Holbrook, Keith M. Godfrey, Karen Lillycrop, Mark Hanson, Sheila J. Barton
Summary: This study extensively investigated non-CpG DNA methylation, revealing that CAC methylation may have tissue-specific patterns, while CAT methylation is influenced by individual effects.
Article
Acoustics
J. Allotey, R. Whittle, K. I. E. Snell, M. Smuk, R. Townsend, P. von Dadelszen, A. E. P. Heazell, L. Magee, G. C. S. Smith, J. Sandall, B. Thilaganathan, J. Zamora, R. D. Riley, A. Khalil, S. Thangaratinam
Summary: This study externally validated published prediction models for stillbirth using individual participant data (IPD) meta-analysis. The results showed that these models had generally poor and uncertain predictive performance, with limited evidence to support their clinical application. The study highlighted methodological shortcomings in the development of these models and called for further research to validate and improve them.
ULTRASOUND IN OBSTETRICS & GYNECOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Kathryn V. Dalrymple, Christina Vogel, Keith M. Godfrey, Janis Baird, Mark A. Hanson, Cyrus Cooper, Hazel M. Inskip, Sarah R. Crozier
Summary: There is a growing interest in modeling longitudinal dietary data to identify subgroups with similar trajectories. This paper compares two latent class methods, group-based trajectory modeling (GBTM) and growth mixture modeling (GMM), to analyze dietary data from a longitudinal study. Both methods suggest that five classes are optimal, with strong correlation between class assignments. Results show stable dietary trajectories with varying levels of quality. GBTM is recommended as it is less computationally intensive, but results can be confirmed using GMM.
BRITISH JOURNAL OF NUTRITION
(2023)
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Chandni Maria Jacob, Mark Hanson
Summary: There is growing evidence that parental risk factors for NCDs before conception can impact lifelong health and increase the risk of NCDs in their children. Although many of these risks are influenced by socio-economic factors, healthcare practitioners can identify and screen for these risk factors in clinical settings and provide appropriate preventive interventions.
PRACTICAL DIABETES
(2022)
Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Chandni Maria Jacob, Hazel M. Inskip, Wendy Lawrence, Carmel McGrath, Fionnuala M. McAuliffe, Sarah Louise Killeen, Hema Divakar, Mark Hanson
Summary: Proper nutrition and weight before and during pregnancy can lower the risk of pregnancy-related conditions, but user-friendly tools to support healthcare practitioners in implementing them are lacking in most clinical settings. This study found that the FIGO nutrition checklist is an valuable resource that can be used in clinical practice to provide long-term and intergenerational benefits for both mother and baby.
Review
Pediatrics
Kiran Meka, Chandni M. Jacob, Neena Modi, Flavia Bustreo, Gian Carlo Di Renzo, Ariadne Malamitsi-Puchner, Despina Briana, Domenico G. Iaia, Helga Fogstad, Jagannadha P. Tamvada, Ivan Ochoa Moreno, Mark Hanson
Summary: This study discusses the implications of maternal, newborn, child and adolescent health (MNCAH) on gross domestic product (GDP), and suggests that unremunerated work largely conducted by women should be included in GDP due to its positive impact on future health and prosperity, while industries that harm health should be excluded. In light of the current challenges from COVID, climate change, and conflict, there is a need to redefine economic progress with equitable models and metrics that consider the societal value of activities improving MNCAH in the short, medium, and long term.
Article
Obstetrics & Gynecology
Daria Andreeva, Carolyn Gill, Anna Brockbank, Joanna Hejmej, Fran J. Conti-Ramsden, Katie T. Doores, Paul Seed, Lucilla Poston
Summary: A repeated cross-sectional surveillance study showed high rates of SARS-CoV-2 infection in pregnant women in an inner-city setting, with higher infection risk and lower vaccine uptake among women of black ethnic backgrounds.
BJOG-AN INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF OBSTETRICS AND GYNAECOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Laura A. Magee, Erika Molteni, Vicky Bowyer, Jeffrey N. Bone, Harriet Boulding, Asma Khalil, Hiten D. Mistry, Lucilla Poston, Sergio A. Silverio, Ingrid Wolfe, Emma L. Duncan, Peter von Dadelszen
Summary: Among women of reproductive age, older age, White ethnicity, and being in the least-deprived index of multiple deprivation are independently associated with higher vaccine uptake. Ethnicity has the strongest influence, while multiple deprivation has the weakest. These findings are crucial for informing future vaccination policies and public messaging.
NATURE COMMUNICATIONS
(2023)
Review
Family Studies
Sharon James, Jessica E. Moulton, Anisa Assifi, Jessica Botfield, Kirsten Black, Mark Hanson, Danielle Mazza
Summary: Engaging in lifestyle risk reduction during the interconception period can help reduce adverse outcomes, but there are challenges such as information needs, managing competing priorities, physical and mental health, self-perception and motivation, access to services and professional support, and family and peer networks.
BMJ SEXUAL & REPRODUCTIVE HEALTH
(2023)
Review
Pediatrics
Ariadne Malamitsi-Puchner, Laura Addati, Guony Bjork Eydal, Despina D. D. Briana, Flavia Bustreo, Gian Carlo Di Renzo, Margaret O'Brien, Mark Hanson, Neena Modi
Summary: Cohesive families and stimulating environments with caregiver attachment are crucial for a child's growth. Parental involvement in daily activities like breastfeeding, playing, reading, and storytelling supports early development. Universally accessible and equitable parental leave addresses the challenge of balancing child well-being, career, and gender equality for parents.
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Julie Nihouarn Sigurdardottir, Sara White, Angela Flynn, Claire Singh, Annette Briley, Mary Rutherford, Lucilla Poston
Summary: This study examines the interrelationships between antenatal depressive symptom trajectories and fetal neurodevelopment in pregnant women with obesity. It identifies different fetal exposures associated with different depression classes and highlights the association between severe depressive symptoms and the risk of preterm birth.
