Article
Biology
William D. Jackson, Chiara Giacomassi, Sophie Ward, Amber Owen, Tiago C. Luis, Sarah Spear, Kevin J. Woollard, Cecilia Johansson, Jessica Strid, Marina Botto
Summary: This study demonstrates that repetitive TLR7 stimulation can induce an emergency bone marrow monocyte response, independent of the canonical CCR2 and CX3CR1 axes or prototypical cytokines. The monocytes released from the bone marrow differentiate into monocytes and macrophages in multiple organs, and display a reduced cytokine response to further TLR7 stimulation, leading to reduced lung viral load after RSV and influenza virus infection.
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Marcelle Mehu, Chandrakala Aluganti Narasimhulu, Dinender K. Singla
Summary: Atherosclerosis is a chronic disease characterized by damage to the intima, inflammatory cell recruitment, and lipid accumulation followed by calcification and plaque rupture. Inflammation is believed to play a crucial role in the development and progression of the disease. This paper discusses the various types of inflammatory cells involved in atherosclerosis and their significance in the disease's development and progression. Understanding the role of these cells at different stages of the disease provides valuable insights for targeted therapy.
Article
Microbiology
Ashraf Hussain, Eugene Boon Beng Ong, Prabha Balaram, Asma Ismail, Phua Kia Kien
Summary: Our study aimed to investigate the effects of deleting tolC on the adhesion and invasion of HT-29 epithelial cells and THP-1 macrophages by S. Typhi in vitro. Our results showed that the tolC mutant strain had significantly reduced adhesion and invasion rates compared to the wild-type strain in both cell types. Additionally, we observed downregulation of SPI-1 gene expression in the tolC mutant.
FRONTIERS IN MICROBIOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Julian C. Bahr, Xiao-Yan Li, Tamar Y. Feinberg, Long Jiang, Stephen J. Weiss
Summary: This study reveals the divergent mechanisms used by cancer cells and macrophages to penetrate native basement membrane barriers, providing insights into their invasive strategies.
NATURE COMMUNICATIONS
(2022)
Article
Medicine, Research & Experimental
Megha Srinivas, Preeti Sharma, Siddharth Jhunjhunwala
Summary: Research findings suggest that immune cells can phagocytose particles under constant fluidic flow. Different cell types show similar or better uptake rates under flow conditions. Even in the presence of crowded red blood cells, neutrophils and monocytes are able to uptake particles while flowing.
MOLECULAR PHARMACEUTICS
(2021)
Article
Cell Biology
Joseph Hiatt, Devin A. Cavero, Michael J. McGregor, Weihao Zheng, Jonathan M. Budzik, Theodore L. Roth, Kelsey M. Haas, David Wu, Ujjwal Rathore, Anke Meyer-Franke, Mohamed S. Bouzidi, Eric Shifrut, Youjin Lee, Vigneshwari Easwar Kumar, Eric Dang, David E. Gordon, Jason A. Wojcechowskyj, Judd F. Hultquist, Krystal A. Fontaine, Satish K. Pillai, Jeffery S. Cox, Joel D. Ernst, Nevan J. Krogan, Alexander Marson
Summary: A method for delivering CRISPR-Cas9 ribonucleoprotein complexes via nucleofection into human monocytes has been developed for precise gene knockout and differentiation into macrophages or dendritic cells. This system shows promise for genetic studies of human myeloid cells in various areas such as immune signaling, inflammation, cancer immunology, host-pathogen interactions, and beyond.
Article
Immunology
Bing-Xin Chu, Ya-Nan Li, Ning- Liu, Lan-Xin Yuan, Shi-Yan Chen, Yao-Hong Zhu, Jiu-Feng Wang
Summary: Salmonella Infantis inhibits apoptosis in infected cells by phosphorylating Akt, delaying pyroptosis and increasing severity of inflammation.
FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Ori Heyman, Dror Yehezkel, Camilla Ciolli Mattioli, Neta Blumberger, Gili Rosenberg, Aryeh Solomon, Dotan Hoffman, Noa Bossel Ben-Moshe, Roi Avraham
Summary: Encounters between host cells and intracellular bacterial pathogens lead to complex phenotypes that determine the outcome of infection. Single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq) has limited capacity to analyze the role of bacterial factors. The scPAIR-seq method developed in this study enables functional analysis of mutant-dependent changes in host transcriptomes, providing insights into bacterial virulence strategies and their interplay with host defense strategies.
PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA
(2023)
Article
Immunology
Annika Hausmann, Boas Felmy, Leo Kunz, Sanne Kroon, Dorothee Lisa Berthold, Giverny Ganz, Ioana Sandu, Toshihiro Nakamura, Nathan Sebastien Zangger, Yang Zhang, Tamas Dolowschiak, Stefan Alexander Fattinger, Markus Furter, Anna Angelika Mueller-Hauser, Manja Barthel, Katerina Vlantis, Laurens Wachsmuth, Jan Kisielow, Luigi Tortola, Danijela Heide, Mathias Heikenwaelder, Annette Oxenius, Manfred Kopf, Timm Schroeder, Manolis Pasparakis, Mikael Erik Sellin, Wolf-Dietrich Hardt
Summary: Intestinal epithelial cell (IEC) NF-kappa B signaling is regulated by macrophages through TNF secretion, maintaining mucosal homeostasis and responding to microbial threats in a tunable manner. Macrophages serve as important first responders to Gram-negative microbes breaching the epithelial barrier.
JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE
(2021)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Giacomo Della Camera, Tinghao Liu, Wenjie Yang, Yang Li, Victor F. Puntes, Sabrina Gioria, Paola Italiani, Diana Boraschi
Summary: The study found that nanoparticles alone cannot generate memory, while LPS induces a tolerance memory response. Nanoparticles have no significant effect on LPS-induced tolerance memory, but may have donor-specific effects.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2022)
Article
Immunology
Gerco den Hartog, Lindsay D. Butcher, Amber L. Ablack, Laura A. Pace, Jailal N. G. Ablack, Richard Xiong, Soumita Das, Thaddeus S. Stappenbeck, Lars Eckmann, Peter B. Ernst, Sheila E. Crowe
Summary: APE1 negatively regulates Rac1 to inhibit invasive bacteria from entering human intestinal epithelial cells, protecting the barrier function of epithelial cells.
FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Emelie Barreby, Benedikt Strunz, Sebastian Nock, Lea Naudet, Joanne X. Shen, Helene Johansson, Isabella Soennerborg, Junjie Ma, Egon Urgard, Laura J. Pallett, Yizhou Hu, Achilleas Fardellas, Valerio Azzimato, Ana Vankova, Laura Levi, Cecilia Morgantini, Mala K. Maini, Per Stal, Stephan P. Rosshart, Jonathan M. Coquet, Greg Nowak, Erik Naeslund, Volker M. Lauschke, Ewa Ellis, Niklas K. Bjoerkstroem, Ping Chen, Myriam Aouadi
Summary: By studying patients undergoing liver transplantation, a specific population of resident liver myeloid cells that protects against metabolic impairment in obesity is identified. These cells, termed liver myeloid cells 2 (LM2), decrease in proportion during obesity but can ameliorate oxidative stress. These findings suggest that targeting resident myeloid cells could be a therapeutic approach for reducing oxidative stress in non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD).
Article
Immunology
Siddharth Krishnan, Kelly Wemyss, Ian E. Prise, Flora A. McClure, Conor O'Boyle, Hayley M. Bridgeman, Tovah N. Shaw, John R. Grainger, Joanne E. Konkel
Summary: HSPCs were found to reside and differentiate in healthy gingiva, a key oral barrier. Gingival HSPCs exhibited similar characteristics to bone marrow HSPCs but responded differently to inflammatory insults, only responding to oral rather than systemic inflammation.
JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE
(2021)
Article
Medicine, Research & Experimental
Evangelos Triantafyllou, Cathrin L. C. Gudd, Marie-Anne Mawhin, Hannah C. Husbyn, Francesca M. Trovato, Matthew K. Siggins, Thomas O'Connor, Hiromi Kudo, Sujit K. Mukherjee, Julia A. Wendon, Christine Bernsmeier, Robert D. Goldin, Marina Botto, Wafa Khamri, Mark J. W. McPhail, Lucia A. Possamai, Kevin J. Woollard, Charalambos G. Antoniades, Mark R. Thursz
Summary: The PD-1/PD-L1 pathway regulates KC and monocyte antimicrobial responses after acute liver injury, suppressing immune response and increasing susceptibility to infections.
JOURNAL OF CLINICAL INVESTIGATION
(2021)
Article
Immunology
Nadeem Akhter, Shihab Kochumon, Amal Hasan, Ajit Wilson, Rasheeba Nizam, Ashraf Al Madhoun, Fatema Al-Rashed, Hossein Arefanian, Fawaz Alzaid, Sardar Sindhu, Fahd Al-Mulla, Rasheed Ahmad
Summary: The co-stimulation of IFN-gamma and LPS can enhance the expression of CCL2 through the acetylation of H3K27, leading to augmented inflammation in obesity. These findings contribute to a better understanding of the regulatory mechanisms of CCL2 in the pathogenesis of obesity.
JOURNAL OF INFLAMMATION RESEARCH
(2022)
Article
Microbiology
Jorik M. van Rijn, Jens Eriksson, Jana Gruttner, Magnus Sundbom, Dominic-Luc Webb, Per M. Hellstrom, Staffan G. Svard, Mikael E. Sellin
Summary: Understanding the dynamic interactions between individual microbes and host cells is crucial for infectious disease research. A new method for live-cell imaging of microbial infection dynamics on human intestinal epithelial cell layers has been developed, providing insights into the behavior of Salmonella and Giardia pathogens.
Article
Microbiology
Eva Skovajsova, Bianca Colonna, Gianni Prosseda, Mikael E. Sellin, Maria Letizia Di Martino
Summary: The ratio of two virulence-regulatory proteins VirF(21):VirF(30) can dictate the invasive properties of Shigella flexneri under low temperature conditions. The different forms of VirF may play a role in fine-tuning the expression of virulence genes and influencing the invasive properties of Shigella flexneri.
FEMS MICROBIOLOGY LETTERS
(2022)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Viktor Ek, Stefan A. Fattinger, Alexandra Florbrant, Wolf-Dietrich Hardt, Maria Letizia Di Martino, Jens Eriksson, Mikael E. Sellin
Summary: This study utilized microscopy to investigate single-bacterium characteristics in Salmonella enterica serovar Typhimurium, revealing a gradual transition from fast planktonic growth to a host cell-invasive phenotype within the bacterial population and establishing a transient subpopulation of hyperinvasive doublet bacteria.
MOLECULAR MICROBIOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Daniel Hoces, Jiayi Lan, Wenfei Sun, Tobias Geiser, Melanie L. Staubli, Elisa Cappio Barazzone, Markus Arnoldini, Tenagne D. Challa, Manuel Klug, Alexandra Kellenberger, Sven Nowok, Erica Faccin, Andrew J. Macpherson, Baerbel Stecher, Shinichi Sunagawa, Renato Zenobi, Wolf-Dietrich Hardt, Christian Wolfrum, Emma Slack
Summary: The intestinal microbiota can degrade indigestible food components to improve energy recovery. This study found that the energy released by the microbiota is balanced by decreased food intake in mice. Furthermore, the type of respiratory substrates used in metabolism differs between different microbiota groups, affecting energy storage and fat accumulation.
Article
Biology
Amit Gutwillig, Nadine Santana-Magal, Leen Farhat-Younis, Diana Rasoulouniriana, Asaf Madi, Chen Luxenburg, Jonathan Cohen, Krishnanand Padmanabhan, Noam Shomron, Guy Shapira, Annette Gleiberman, Roma Parikh, Carmit Levy, Meora Feinmesser, Dov Hershkovitz, Valentina Zemser-Werner, Oran Zlotnik, Sanne Kroon, Wolf-Dietrich Hardt, Reno Debets, Nathan Edward Reticker-Flynn, Peleg Rider, Yaron Carmi
Summary: Despite the successes of cancer immunotherapies, many patients experience partial response and relapse due to treatment resistance. This study reveals a previously unknown resistance mechanism where tumor cells form unique cell-in-cell structures to evade immunotherapy. Inhibiting specific factors involved in this process improves therapeutic efficacy.
Review
Microbiology
Joshua P. M. Newson, Marla S. Gaissmaier, Sarah C. McHugh, Wolf -Dietrich Hardt
Summary: Antibiotic persistence allows a subgroup of susceptible bacteria to survive lethal concentrations of antibiotics, thereby prolonging therapy and promoting the evolution of antibiotic-resistant strains and virulence within hosts. In this review, the authors focus on Salmonella Typhimurium as a model pathogen to explore antibiotic persistence in vivo. The authors discuss the distinguishing features of true persisters and the challenges in conclusively identifying them within hosts. They propose two complementary definitions for studying antibiotic persistence in vivo, which will help enhance understanding of the mechanisms and downstream effects of persisters.
CURRENT OPINION IN MICROBIOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Microbiology
Leanid Laganenka, Jae-Woo Lee, Lukas Malfertheiner, Cora Lisbeth Dieterich, Lea Fuchs, Joern Piel, Christian von Mering, Victor Sourjik, Wolf-Dietrich Hardt
Summary: Bacteria use autoinducers to communicate and coordinate their behavior, with AI-2 playing a crucial role in interspecies communication and chemotaxis. However, its role in gut colonization is still unclear. This study shows that AI-2 signaling and chemotaxis promote gut colonization by E. coli, and the genomic diversity of E. coli strains allows for niche segregation and co-existence in the gut.
NATURE MICROBIOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Microbiology
Ersin Gul, Andrew Abi Younes, Jemina Huuskonen, Cheickna Diawara, Bidong D. Nguyen, Luca Maurer, Erik Bakkeren, Wolf-Dietrich Hardt
Summary: We investigated how antibiotic resistance plasmids are disseminated between different Enterobacteriaceae in the gut. Our study showed that closely related Enterobacteriaceae populations with similar nutrient needs can co-bloom in the same gut, facilitating plasmid transfer. We discovered that the recipient strain's bloom in a pre-occupied gut depends on strain-specific utilization of a distinct carbon source and provided potential therapeutic targets for resistance plasmid spread.
CELL HOST & MICROBE
(2023)
Article
Microbiology
Jana Gruttner, Jorik M. van Rijn, Petra Geiser, Alexandra Florbrant, Dominic-Luc Webb, Per M. Hellstrom, Magnus Sundbom, Mikael E. Sellin, Staffan G. Svard
Summary: Giardia intestinalis is a parasite that infects the upper small intestine of mammals. It can cause diarrhoeal disease in humans, but many infections do not cause symptoms. The molecular mechanisms behind these different outcomes are still unclear.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Ersin Gul, Erik Bakkeren, Guillem Salazar, Yves Steiger, Andrew Abi Younes, Melanie Clerc, Philipp Christen, Stefan A. Fattinger, Bidong D. Nguyen, Patrick Kiefer, Emma Slack, Martin Ackermann, Julia A. Vorholt, Shinichi Sunagawa, Mederic Diard, Wolf-Dietrich Hardt
Summary: Salmonella Typhimurium induces gut inflammation through the expression of HilD-controlled virulence factors. This inflammation reduces colonization resistance (CR) mediated by the microbiota and promotes pathogen blooms. However, the inflamed gut environment can also select for hilD mutants, which cannot induce or maintain inflammation, resulting in a loss of virulence for the pathogen.
Article
Microbiology
Ersin Gul, Ursina Enz, Luca Maurer, Andrew Abi Younes, Stefan A. Fattinger, Bidong D. Nguyen, Annika Hausmann, Markus Furter, Manja Barthel, Mikael E. Sellin, Wolf-Dietrich Hardt
Summary: Recruitment of neutrophils into and across the gut mucosa is crucial for intestinal inflammation in response to enteric infections. However, the functions of intraluminal neutrophils in defense against pathogens and their effects on epithelial damage are not fully understood.
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Amanpreet Kaur, Weifeng Lin, Vladyslav Dovhalyuk, Lena Driutti, Maria Letizia Di Martino, Miroslav Vujasinovic, J. -Matthias Lohr, Mikael E. Sellin, Daniel Globisch
Summary: Sulfur is essential for life, and thiol-containing metabolites play a crucial role in regulating biological processes. However, the analysis of these compounds is challenging due to a lack of specific tools. In this study, a new methodology using bicyclobutane was developed for the selective capture and investigation of thiol-containing metabolites in human plasma, fecal samples, and bacterial cultures. The mass spectrometric analysis detected a wide range of thiol-containing metabolites, including reactive sulfur species, highlighting the importance of this comprehensive methodology for discovering bioactive metabolites in humans and the microbiome.
Review
Microbiology
Sebastian Dan Burz, Senka Causevic, Alma Dal Co, Marija Dmitrijeva, Philipp Engel, Daniel Garrido-Sanz, Gilbert Greub, Siegfried Hapfelmeier, Wolf-Dietrich Hardt, Vassily Hatzimanikatis, Clara Margot Heiman, Mathias Klaus-Maria Herzog, Alyson Hockenberry, Christoph Keel, Andreas Keppler, Soon-Jae Lee, Julien Luneau, Lukas Malfertheiner, Sara Mitri, Bidong Ngyuen, Omid Oftadeh, Alan R. Pacheco, Francois Peaudecerf, Gregory Resch, Hans-Joachim Ruscheweyh, Asli Sahin, Ian R. Sanders, Emma Slack, Shinichi Sunagawa, Janko Tackmann, Robin Tecon, Giovanni Stefano Ugolini, Jordan Vacheron, Jan Roelof van der Meer, Evangelia Vayena, Pascale Vonaesch, Julia A. Vorholt
Summary: Communities of microorganisms are present in all habitats on Earth and play important roles in agriculture, health, and climate. However, the complexity of microbiomes poses challenges in understanding their mechanisms. The N+1/N-1 concept is a systematic approach that aims to dissect microbiome assembly and functioning, and intervene with specific microbial strains, to unravel the structure and function of microbiomes.
MICROBIOLOGY AND MOLECULAR BIOLOGY REVIEWS
(2023)
Article
Microbiology
Jorik M. van Rijn, Jens Eriksson, Jana Gruttner, Magnus Sundbom, Dominic-Luc Webb, Per M. Hellstrom, Staffan G. Svard, Mikael E. Sellin
Summary: The study focuses on dynamic interactions between pathogenic microbes and host tissues, utilizing live-cell microscopy to visualize microbe behavior on intestinal epithelial cell (IEC) layers. By imaging without fluorescent labels, the method provides high-resolution observation of Salmonella and Giardia interactions on the epithelial surface, revealing pathogen-specific swimming patterns and stages of infection cycles previously unrecognized. This relatively inexpensive approach bridges the divide between technical requirements for live-cell imaging and physiological infection niche parameters.