Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
M. K. Yilmaz, C. Sulu, H. M. Ozkaya, A. Kadioglu, M. Ortac, P. Kadioglu
Summary: The study found that semen quality and bioavailable testosterone concentrations in acromegalic male patients change according to disease activity, with more severe impairments in active disease compared to remission. Growth hormone hypersecretion can disrupt reproductive biology, leading to reduced semen quality and androgen levels that may not fully recover with disease control.
JOURNAL OF ENDOCRINOLOGICAL INVESTIGATION
(2021)
Review
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Zongxin Zhang, Xingde Du, Shiyu Zhang, Haohao Liu, Yu Fu, Fufang Wang, Huizhen Zhang
Summary: Eutrophication of water bodies can lead to cyanobacterial blooms, resulting in the release of microcystins (MCs), which have toxic effects on sperm. Studies in the past 20 years have shown that MCs can decrease sperm quality and count, and cause malformation in both vertebrates and invertebrates. The mechanisms of MCs-induced sperm toxicity involve genetic material alterations, structural and functional abnormalities in sperm, and epigenetic modifications.
Article
Biology
Md. Eftakhar Jahan Bhuiyan, Md. Golzar Hossain, Amit Saha, Md. Kamrul Islam, Farida Yeasmin Bari, Md. Abu Hadi Noor Ali Khan, Sharmin Akter
Summary: The study aimed to investigate the protective effects of vitamin C and 5-ASA against ACR-induced reproductive toxicity. The results showed that vitamin C and 5-ASA potentially mitigated the negative effects of ACR on male reproduction, and the combined application was recommended for better performance.
SAUDI JOURNAL OF BIOLOGICAL SCIENCES
(2023)
Review
Environmental Sciences
Maingredy Rodrigues Souza, Renata Mazaro-Costa, Thiago Lopes Rocha
Summary: A bibliometric and systematic review on the toxic effects of different types of NMs on the male reproductive system in mammalian models revealed that NMs have the ability to cross the blood-testis barrier and bioaccumulate in several organs. The reproductive toxicity of NMs is mainly related to ROS production, oxidative stress, DNA damage and apoptosis.
SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT
(2021)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Weilong Xing, Wen Gu, Mengyuan Liang, Zhen Wang, Deling Fan, Bing Zhang, Lei Wang
Summary: This study investigates the association between aldehyde exposure and sex hormone levels. The results show that certain aldehydes are negatively associated with sex hormones, with specific effects observed in different genders and age groups. Further research is needed to confirm the causal relationship and explore the underlying mechanisms.
ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH
(2023)
Review
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Wasim Shah, Ranjha Khan, Basit Shah, Asad Khan, Sobia Dil, Wei Liu, Jie Wen, Xiaohua Jiang
Summary: The process of spermatogenesis relies on hormones and growth factors acting through endocrine and paracrine pathways. Sertoli cells are major regulators, while sex hormones play a significant role in determining their proliferation.
FRONTIERS IN ENDOCRINOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Reproductive Biology
Zhijun Tao, Zhongyuan Wang, Shenhao Zhu, Shangqian Wang, Zengjun Wang
Summary: The study demonstrated that higher urinary benzophenone-3 levels in adult men in the US were associated with increased risk of testosterone deficiency and inverse associations with total testosterone, estradiol, and sex hormone-binding globulin. Prospective studies are needed to confirm the causal links between benzophenone-3 and sex steroid hormones.
REPRODUCTIVE TOXICOLOGY
(2022)
Review
Cell Biology
Paul S. Cooke, William H. Walker
Summary: This review summarizes the physiological functions of classical and nonclassical androgen and estrogen signaling pathways in the testis and reproductive tract. The study highlights the essential role of nonclassical signaling in the overall response to hormones, and the abnormalities in spermatogenesis and the male reproductive tract associated with the absence of either nonclassical or classical receptor pathways.
SEMINARS IN CELL & DEVELOPMENTAL BIOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Ying Meng, Loralei L. Thornburg, Kathleen M. Hoeger, Zorimar Rivera- Nunez, Amber Kautz, Adam T. Evans, Christina Wang, Richard K. Miller, Susan W. Groth, Thomas G. O'Connor, Emily S. Barrett
Summary: This study aimed to assess the relationships between early-pregnancy sex steroid hormones and the subsequent development of hyperglycemia during pregnancy, as well as the associations between sex steroid hormone levels and gestational diabetes diagnosis. The results showed that total testosterone, free testosterone, and estrone in early pregnancy were positively associated with glucose levels and gestational diabetes in mid-late pregnancy. These hormones may serve as early predictors of gestational diabetes along with other risk factors.
FRONTIERS IN ENDOCRINOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Samir Abdulkarim Alharbi, Mohammed Asad, Kamal Eldin Ahmed Abdelsalam, Sunil Chandy, Monjid Ahmed Ibrahim
Summary: The study found that Boswellia sacra extract has a protective effect on the male reproductive system. In rat experiments, the extract increased serum testosterone levels, antioxidant enzyme activities, and sperm count and quality. In human cell experiments, the extract also protected Leydig cells from damage.
SCIENTIFIC REPORTS
(2022)
Article
Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science
J. Knowles, S. Boryshpolets, V Kholodnyy, D. Rahi, J. Vyslouzil, J. Muselik, V Stejskal, J. Kouril, P. Podhorec
Summary: The study investigates the effects of the incorporation of mammalian gonadotropin-releasing hormone agonist (mGnRHa) into poly(lactic-co-glycolic acid) (PLGA) microparticles on sperm production, characteristics, and hormone secretion in northern pike. The results demonstrate that PLGA microparticles can be used as a carrier for hormone treatments to regulate sperm production in mature northern pike.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Xiaoxia Wang, Weidong Hao
Summary: Plant growth regulators (PGRs) are widely used pesticides with relatively low toxicity compared to other pesticides. However, excessive use can lead to overexposure. Exposure to PGRs can have toxic effects on various organs in the body, such as the testes, ovaries, liver, kidneys, and brain. Some PGRs are also considered potential endocrine disruptors. Evidence suggests that prenatal and postnatal exposure to PGRs can result in developmental and reproductive toxicity in animals and humans. PGRs can interfere with sex hormone synthesis and secretion, disrupt the reproductive system's structure and function, and harm the growth and development of offspring. This review summarizes the available data on reproductive and developmental toxicity of PGRs in mammals. Comprehensive epidemiological studies are needed in the future to understand the underlying molecular mechanisms of reproductive and developmental toxicity caused by a mixture of PGRs.
PESTICIDE BIOCHEMISTRY AND PHYSIOLOGY
(2023)
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Gerile Naren, Jiaojiao Guo, Qiujuan Bai, Na Fan, Buhe Nashun
Summary: Chemotherapeutic agent 5-fluorouracil has adverse effects on reproduction, causing developmental block, malformation, and ovarian damage in females. However, studies suggest that the toxicity is reversible and certain drugs used in combination can protect the reproductive system from damage.
EXPERT REVIEWS IN MOLECULAR MEDICINE
(2022)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Venkatesan Sundaram, Stephanie Mohammed, Nikolay Zyuzikov
Summary: The study found that 8 weeks of whole-body exposure to 150 kHz EMR did not significantly impact most male fertility parameters in rats, but did lead to decreases in testicular mass, interstitial cell count, sperm motility trajectories, and distal cytoplasmic droplets, as well as an increase in follicle-stimulating hormone levels.
Article
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Peter A. Noshy, Abdel Azeim A. Khalaf, Marwa A. Ibrahim, Aya M. Mekkawy, Rehab E. Abdelrahman, Ahmed Farghali, Ahmed Abd-Eltawab Tammam, Amr R. Zaki
Summary: This study found that nickel oxide nanoparticles (NiO NPs) induced testicular and spermatological damages in male rats, while co-administration of hesperidin (HSP) significantly alleviated these damages.
Article
Critical Care Medicine
Aurelien Mazeraud, Matthieu Jamme, Rossella Letizia Mancusi, Claire Latroche, Bruno Megarbane, Shidasp Siami, Jonathan Zarka, Guy Moneger, Francesco Santoli, Laurent Argaud, Patrick Chillet, Gregoire Muller, Cedric Bruel, Pierre Asfar, Francois Beloncle, Jean Reignier, Christophe Vinsonneau, Caroline Schimpf, Julien Amour, Cyril Goulenok, Caroline Lemaitre, Benjamin Rohaut, Philippe Mateu, Stephane De Rudnicki, Bruno Mourvillier, Pierre-Louis Declercq, Carole Schwebel, Annabelle Stoclin, Marc Garnier, Benjamin Madeux, Stephane Gaudry, Karine Bailly, Christian Lamer, Philippe Aegerter, Christine Rieu, Khaoussou Sylla, Bruno Lucas, Tarek Sharshar
Summary: In patients with moderate-to-severe ARDS caused by COVID-19 and receiving invasive mechanical ventilation, IVIG did not improve clinical outcomes at day 28 and may be associated with an increased frequency of serious adverse events. The effect of IVIGs on earlier stages of COVID-19 should be assessed in future trials.
LANCET RESPIRATORY MEDICINE
(2022)
Review
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Sebastian Voicu, Aymen M'Rad, Isabelle Malissin, Nicolas Deye, Bruno Megarbane
Summary: This article provides a review of the indications, timing, and outcomes of extracorporeal life support (ECLS) in the treatment of cardiotoxicant-poisoned patients. Despite limited evidence, ECLS appears to improve survival in selected patients. Further clarification of selection criteria is necessary.
BASIC & CLINICAL PHARMACOLOGY & TOXICOLOGY
(2023)
Editorial Material
Health Care Sciences & Services
Bruno Megarbane
JOURNAL OF PERSONALIZED MEDICINE
(2022)
Article
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Bruno Megarbane
Summary: High-dose insulin (HDI) therapy with adapted glucose supplementation is suggested as a first-line treatment for calcium-channel blocker (CCB) poisonings. Our narrative review supports the effectiveness and safety of HDI based on published experimental studies, case reports, and experts' opinions. HDI is strongly recommended in CCB-poisoned patients with cardiovascular compromise, especially if cardiac function impairment has been diagnosed, without delaying the administration of vasopressors/inotropic drugs.
BRITISH JOURNAL OF CLINICAL PHARMACOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Samaa Shama, Hyejeong Jang, Xiaokun Wang, Yang Zhang, Nancy Nabil Shahin, Tarek Kamal Motawi, Seongho Kim, Samer Gawrieh, Wanqing Liu
Summary: The role of phospholipids (PLs) in the pathogenesis of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) among obese individuals was investigated in this study. The study found that certain PLs, especially phosphatidylethanolamines (PEs), were significantly associated with NAFLD progression. In vitro experiments demonstrated that treatment with specific PEs inhibited cell proliferation, induced lipid accumulation and mitochondrial ROS production in HepG2 cells, and increased cell activation and migration in LX2 cells. These effects were associated with changes in gene expression related to lipogenesis, lipid oxidation, autophagy, apoptosis, inflammation, and fibrosis.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2023)
Article
Neurosciences
San F. A. Haridy, Nancy N. Shahin, Marwa I. Shabayek, Mae M. Selim, Mohamed A. Abdelhafez, Tarek K. Motawi
Summary: This study investigates the role of RUNX1 and its lncRNA RUNXOR in the development and progression of multiple sclerosis (MS) and explores their mechanism of action. The expression levels of RUNXOR, RUNX1, MAP2, NGF, BDNF and IL-10 were significantly decreased in MS patients compared to healthy controls. Furthermore, RUNXOR, RUNX1 mRNA, and its protein levels were identified as predictors of disease progression and RUNX1 mRNA exhibited diagnostic potential. These findings suggest the involvement of the RUNXOR-RUNX1 axis in MS development and highlight the potential utility of these parameters as diagnostic/prognostic biomarkers for MS.
NEUROBIOLOGY OF DISEASE
(2023)
Article
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Mathieu Klein, Vanessa Naffaa, Lucie Chevillard, Patricia Risede, Bruno Saubamea, Homa Adle-Biassette, Bruno Megarbane
Summary: Due to a narrow therapeutic index, prolonged lithium treatment and overdose may lead to reversible neurotoxicity. However, in rare severe poisonings, irreversible brain injuries have been reported. This study aimed to investigate the histopathological consequences of lithium exposure in rat models and found that no brain lesion or significant difference in neuron and astrocyte counts were observed between lithium-treated rats and controls, suggesting that lithium-induced neurotoxicity is reversible and brain injury is not a common feature of toxicity.
BASIC & CLINICAL PHARMACOLOGY & TOXICOLOGY
(2023)
Editorial Material
Toxicology
Bruno Megarbane, Nawel Gharnaout, Nouzha Djebrani Oussedik
Summary: This article reports a case of misdiagnosis of body packing as a result of misinterpreting imaging results. A 55-year-old woman presented with uncontrolled vomiting in the airport transit area. Imaging showed multiple radiopaque foreign bodies in the colon, leading to the mistaken diagnosis. The final diagnosis was radiopaque pharmacobezoars caused by severe hypokalemia-associated paralytic ileus following post-chemotherapy vomiting.
CLINICAL TOXICOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Pascal Houze, Ilona Borowski, Eugenie Bito, Romain Magny, Athina Morcos, Sebastian Voicu, Bruno Megarbane, Laurence Labat
Summary: In toxicology, chromatographic methods coupled to HR/MS are commonly used for screenings, with the development of methods for alternative samples such as Volumetric Adsorptive Micro-Sampling. The optimized extraction procedure using Mitra (TM) allowed the confirmation of 87 compounds in spiked whole blood, with identification limits below 12.5 ng center dot mL(-1) for 82.2% of the investigated drugs. The novel screening approach showed a satisfying concordance in the analysis of poisoned patients' samples.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Romain Magny, Bruno Megarbane, Pauline Guillaud, Lucie Chevillard, Nicolas Auzeil, Pauline Thiebot, Sebastian Voicu, Isabelle Malissin, Nicolas Deye, Laurence Labat, Pascal Houze
Summary: Metabolomics in clinical toxicology aims to identify and semi-quantify a wide range of endogenous and exogenous metabolites. In this study, a three-step workflow was developed to investigate the metabolic impact of the antidepressant drug venlafaxine in a poisoned patient. Targeted quantitative and untargeted semi-quantitative metabolomic analyses were performed to determine the plasma kinetics of venlafaxine and its metabolites, and correlations between the metabolomic data and endogenous metabolites were explored. This preliminary study is a first step towards the application of toxicometabolomics in clinical toxicology and provides a useful workflow for identifying toxicity biomarkers.
Review
Chemistry, Medicinal
Karam Chamoun, Lucie Chevillard, Aline Hajj, Jacques Callebert, Bruno Megarbane
Summary: In 2020, fentanyl and its analogs accounted for around 65% of drug-related deaths in the USA, showing a concerning upward trend in the past decade. These synthetic opioids, originally intended for medical use, have been illegally diverted to recreational purposes. Unlike most opioids, fentanyl analogs can rapidly cause thoracic rigidity, increasing the risk of death. Further research is needed to better understand the mechanisms of neurorespiratory toxicity associated with fentanyl and its analogs, and to develop strategies to reduce fatalities.
Correction
Health Care Sciences & Services
Diane Friedman, Lamiae Grimaldi, Alain Cariou, Philippe Aegerter, Stephane Gaudry, Abdel Ben Salah, Haikel Oueslati, Bruno Megarbane, Nicolas Meunier-Beillard, Jean-Pierre Quenot, Carole Schwebel, Laurent Jacob, Segloene Robin Lagandre, Pierre Kalfon, Romain Sonneville, Shidasp Siami, Aurelien Mazeraud, Tarek Sharshar
JMIR RESEARCH PROTOCOLS
(2023)
Article
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Giulia Naim, Isabelle Malissin, Bruno Megarbane
Summary: This study retrospectively reviewed cerebral magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) scans of poisoned patients from 2014 to 2021 and found that 4.7% of the patients had cerebral microbleeds. These microbleeds were mainly located in the white matter, possibly associated with prolonged hypoxemia. The direct relationship between toxicants and microbleeds is unclear, but physicians should be aware of this complication that may lead to sequelae.
BASIC & CLINICAL PHARMACOLOGY & TOXICOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Emergency Medicine
Mikael Laredo, Claire Vandiedonck, Oscar Miro, Juan Gonzalez del Castillo, Aitor Alquezar-Arbe, Javier Jacob, Pascual Pinera, Bruno Megarbane
Summary: This study compared the relationship between respiratory rate (RR) and peripheral oxygen saturation (SpO(2)) in patients with COVID-19 and those without COVID-19 on admission. The study found no difference in the RR/SpO(2) relationship between COVID-19 patients and non-COVID-19 patients, except among elderly patients.
EMERGENCY MEDICINE JOURNAL
(2023)
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Olivier Hermine, Xavier Mariette, Raphael Porcher, Felix Djossou, Yann Nguyen, Jean-Benoit Arlet, Laurent Savale, Jean Luc Diehl, Sophie Georgin-Lavialle, Jacques Cadranel, Gilles Pialoux, Karine Lacombe, Arsene Mekinian, Helene Gros, Xavier Lescure, Jade Ghosn, Elisabeth Coupez, Kevin Grapin, Christophe Rapp, Marc Michel, Anne Lise Lecapitaine, Jean Marie Michot, Nathalie Costedoat-Chalumeau, Liem Binh Luong Nguyen, Luca Semerano, Francois Raffi, Claire Aguillar, Claire Rouzaud, Jacques Eric Gottenberg, Yves Hansmann, Boris Bienvenu, Jonathan London, Franklin Samou Fantchou, Felix Ackermann, Antoine Gros, Alexandre Morel, Nicolas Gambier, Damien Sene, Bruno Megarbane, Elie Azoulay, Serge Bureau, Maxime Dougados, Joseph Emmerich, Muriel Fartoukh, Bertrand Guidet, Marc Humbert, Mathieu Mahevas, Frederic Pene, Frederic Schlemmer, Valerie Pourcher-Martinez, Annick Tibi, Gabriel Baron, Elodie Perrodeau, Stephanie Baron, Gabriel Steg, Yazdan Yazdapanah, Tabassome Simon, Matthieu Resche-Rigon, Pierre-Louis Tharaux, Philippe Ravaud
Summary: The combination of dexamethasone and tocilizumab did not improve the need for mechanical ventilation and mortality in patients with moderate-to-severe COVID-19 pneumonia. The safety of both treatments was similar.
