Review
Medicine, Research & Experimental
Masoud Kargar, Mehdi Torabizadeh, Daryush Purrahman, Zeinab Deris Zayeri, Najmaldin Saki
Summary: Immune thrombocytopenia is a common autoimmune disease characterized by low platelet counts and increased bleeding risk. The imbalance between Th17 and Treg cells, derived from CD4+ T-cells, plays a key role in its development and pathogenesis. Th17 cells promote chronic inflammatory disorders and autoimmune diseases, while Treg cells regulate immune homeostasis and prevent autoimmune diseases. Various regulators, including cell surface proteins, miRNAs, and cytokine signaling, are essential for maintaining the Th17/Treg balance in immune thrombocytopenia. This review focuses on the function and role of this balance, as well as the therapeutic goals.
CURRENT RESEARCH IN TRANSLATIONAL MEDICINE
(2023)
Article
Pediatrics
Hao Gu, Zhenping Chen, Xiaodong Shi, Hong Cui, Xuanguang Qin, Huimin Hu, Jingyao Ma, Lingling Fu, Jie Ma, Tianyou Wang, Runhui Wu
Summary: This study investigated the Th17/Treg polarization in pediatric CITP at the time of first ITP diagnosis and its potential as a predictive marker for CITP development. The results showed that the percentage of Treg cells was lower and Th17 cells was higher in the CITP-outcome group compared to the remission group. The Th17/Treg ratio exhibited the largest area under the curve (AUC) and showed promise as a predictive marker for pediatric CITP.
EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF PEDIATRICS
(2021)
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Anna Starshinova, Igor Kudryavtsev, Artem Rubinstein, Anna Malkova, Irina Dovgaluk, Dmitry Kudlay
Summary: COVID-19 infection affects the detection and immune response of tuberculosis (Tbc), and it is important to understand the immune response alterations in latent tuberculosis infection and in tuberculosis patients with SARS-CoV-2 infection. The findings suggest that COVID-19 may lead to disturbed immune responses and increase the risk of developing severe tuberculosis.
Article
Hematology
Gao-Chao Zhang, Ye-Jun Wu, Feng-Qi Liu, Qi Chen, Xue-Yan Sun, Qing-Yuan Qu, Hai-Xia Fu, Xiao-Jun Huang, Xiao-Hui Zhang
Summary: This study found that the sympathetic nerve distribution in the spleen of ITP mice is decreased, which contributes to the pathogenesis of ITP. It also observed increased percentages of Th1 and Tc1 cells and reduced percentages of regulatory T cells in ITP mice with sympathetic denervation. Furthermore, beta 2-AR agonists have the potential to restore the balance of T cells and increase platelet counts in ITP mice.
JOURNAL OF THROMBOSIS AND HAEMOSTASIS
(2023)
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Xin-Yi Yu, Zhao-Qiang Zhang, Jia-Chang Huang, Jia-Yu Lin, Xue-Pei Cai, Chu-Feng Liu
Summary: This study investigated the combined effect of human periodontal ligament cells (hPDLCs) and interleukin (IL)-7 on CD4(+)T cells, as well as the effect of IL-7 on the immunomodulatory properties of hPDLCs. The results showed that IL-7 promoted proliferation and inhibited apoptosis in hPDLCs, leading to the polarization of CD4(+)T cells into Treg cells but had no significant effect on Th17 cell differentiation.
FRONTIERS IN MEDICINE
(2022)
Article
Immunology
Mengyuan Zhu, Han Han, Lei Hu, Yu Cao, Zhipeng Fan
Summary: IGFBP5 regulates the balance between Th17 and Treg cells by inhibiting Th17 differentiation and promoting Treg differentiation, alleviating colitis severity in mice models. In addition, IGFBP5 can suppress pro-inflammatory cytokines and its function can be inhibited by ERK or JNK pathway inhibitors.
FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Dentistry, Oral Surgery & Medicine
Jiayu Lin, Jiachang Huang, Zhaoqiang Zhang, Xinyi Yu, Xuepei Cai, Chufeng Liu
Summary: Improper orthodontic force can lead to root resorption or bone destruction. Th17 cells and Treg cells play a role in bone remodeling during tooth movement. Heavy force on hPDLCs can affect cell viability and promote Th17 cell polarization, while corticotomy accelerates tooth movement and increases Treg cell expression.
CLINICAL ORAL INVESTIGATIONS
(2022)
Review
Biology
Guan Yang, Yaoyao Xia, Wenkai Ren
Summary: This article summarizes the regulatory role of glutamine metabolism in the balance of Th17/Treg cells, as well as its importance in autoimmune diseases and associated pathologies.
SCIENCE CHINA-LIFE SCIENCES
(2021)
Review
Dentistry, Oral Surgery & Medicine
Jianwen Deng, Chunting Lu, Qingtong Zhao, Kexiao Chen, Shuyuan Ma, Zejian Li
Summary: Periodontopathic bacteria stimulate host immunity, leading to periodontal tissue damage. Imbalance between Th17 and Treg cells is critical in periodontitis pathogenesis, and the RANKL/RANK/OPG system plays a significant role in periodontitis bone metabolism. The mechanism involving Th17/Treg cell imbalance and RANKL/RANK/OPG may provide new insights into the immunopathological mechanism of periodontitis.
JOURNAL OF PERIODONTAL RESEARCH
(2022)
Article
Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science
Guang M. Liu, Jia J. Lu, Wei X. Sun, Gang Jia, Hua Zhao, Xiao L. Chen, Gang Tian, Jing Y. Cai, Rui N. Zhang, Jing Wang
Summary: This study aimed to investigate the effect of AKG on gut immunity in LPS-challenged piglets by modulating the Th17/Treg immune response signaling pathway. The results showed that dietary AKG supplementation improved growth performance, enhanced ileal morphological structure, and regulated the expression of various immune factors, thereby alleviating LPS-induced intestinal inflammation. Therefore, the addition of AKG to the diet can enhance the growth performance of piglets and improve intestinal immunity.
JOURNAL OF ANIMAL SCIENCE
(2023)
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Xiao Zhou, Jingyi Yao, Jin Lin, Jingfeng Liu, Lei Dong, Meili Duan
Summary: A prospective observational study was conducted to analyze the predictive value of the Th17/Treg ratio for renal injury in sepsis patients. The study found that the Th17/Treg ratio was associated with sepsis-induced acute kidney injury and could be a potential predictive marker for this condition.
JOURNAL OF CLINICAL MEDICINE
(2022)
Review
Immunology
Theodora Agalioti, Filippo Cortesi, Nicola Gagliani
Summary: The TH17 cell population at mucosal barriers is crucial for maintaining tissue homeostasis. Their adaptability and heterogeneity, determined by the environment, play a role in immune-mediated inflammatory diseases and cancer. Recent findings on the transcriptional and metabolic profiles of TH17 cells provide insights into their plasticity.
CURRENT OPINION IN IMMUNOLOGY
(2023)
Review
Immunology
Junying Wang, Xingqi Zhao, Yisong Y. Wan
Summary: Balanced immunity is crucial for maintaining health and homeostasis. CD4(+) helper T (Th) cells play a central role in regulating immune tolerance and immune rejection. Regulatory T (Treg) and Th17 cells are important cell types involved in immune tolerance, homeostasis, pathogenicity, and pathogen clearance. Understanding the regulation of Treg and Th17 cell function by the TGF-beta superfamily and its signaling pathways is of great importance for both health and disease.
CELLULAR & MOLECULAR IMMUNOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Xiaoshan Zhou, Haoran Dai, Hanxue Jiang, Hongliang Rui, Wenbin Liu, Zhaocheng Dong, Na Zhang, Qihan Zhao, Zhendong Feng, Yuehong Hu, Fanyu Hou, Yang Zheng, Baoli Liu
Summary: PM2.5 exposure is associated with the increased incidence of PMN, an autoimmune glomerular disease. Imbalance of Th17/Treg immune balance and epigenetic changes mediated by miRNAs may contribute to the pathogenesis and progression of PMN.
FRONTIERS IN PHARMACOLOGY
(2022)
Review
Immunology
Jeffrey A. Bluestone, Brent S. McKenzie, Joshua Beilke, Fred Ramsdell
Summary: Regulatory T (Treg) cells play a crucial role in maintaining peripheral tolerance and preventing various immune-related diseases. They are able to develop in both the thymus and peripheral tissues through the expression of a transcription factor called FOXP3. Treg cells exert their tolerogenic effects by using multiple mechanisms, such as producing inhibitory cytokines, suppressing T effector cells, and modulating antigen-presenting cell function. Recently, there has been a focus on genetically engineering Treg cells to enhance their therapeutic potential, leading to ongoing clinical trials. This review highlights the advancements and challenges in harnessing Treg cells as a new approach for treating diseases.
FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Hematology
E. O. Artemenko, S. I. Obydennyi, K. S. Troyanova, G. A. Novichkova, D. Y. Nechipurenko, M. A. Panteleev
Summary: In this study, we investigated the adhesive properties of circulating plasma-derived and platelet-derived microvesicles (MVs) and their potential role in thrombus growth. The results showed that both types of MVs weakly bound fibrinogen but did not stably adhere to immobilized fibrinogen. Moreover, the presence of these MVs did not significantly affect thrombus formation. Therefore, MVs present in the plasma of healthy individuals are unlikely to directly contribute to thrombus formation under arterial flow conditions.
THROMBOSIS RESEARCH
(2024)
Letter
Hematology
Giuseppe Lippi, Camilla Mattiuzzi, Emmanuel J. Favaloro
THROMBOSIS RESEARCH
(2024)
Article
Hematology
Marium Malik, Maha Al-Ghafry, Abraham Haimed, Julia Su, Maribel Lema, Linda Shore-Lessersson, Suchitra S. Acharya
Summary: This study analyzed and evaluated leukemia-associated coagulopathy in newly diagnosed pediatric leukemia patients using CCTs and ROTEM. The results showed that fibrinogen and platelets played a significant role in causing coagulopathies in this population. This suggests the utility of using CCTs and ROTEM in the pediatric population to evaluate hemostatic function and guide blood product replacement.
THROMBOSIS RESEARCH
(2024)
Review
Hematology
Mohammad M. Elahi, Alexandra N. Witt, Edward L. G. Pryzdial, Paul B. McBeth
Summary: Thrombotic disease may be underdiagnosed in microgravity conditions, and the underlying factors are still poorly understood. A case of internal jugular vein thrombosis was recently diagnosed in a low-risk female astronaut, and six out of ten additional crew members showed risk factors for jugular venous flow. Observations in space and studies on Earth suggest that microgravity affects blood flow, coagulation, and vascular function.
THROMBOSIS RESEARCH
(2024)
Review
Hematology
Stian Ingemann-Molden, Christina Krogner Caspersen, Nanna Rolving, Anette Arbjerg Hojen, Frederikus A. Klok, Erik L. Grove, Barbara Cristina Brocki, Jane Andreasen
Summary: This study found that no single PROM covered all aspects considered important by PE patients. PROMs recommended in the ICHOM core set covered most aspects, but worrisome thoughts, hypervigilance around symptoms, and uncertainty of illness were not covered.
THROMBOSIS RESEARCH
(2024)
Article
Hematology
Haomin Yan, Tsutomu Sasaki, Yasufumi Gon, Kumiko Nishiyama, Hideaki Kanki, Hideki Mochizuki
Summary: The incidence of cancer-associated stroke has increased with the prolonged survival times of cancer patients. In this study, the researchers focused on the driver gene KRAS and found that KRAS mutations exacerbated neurological deficits after stroke and promoted tumor growth. They also identified the upregulation of pro-inflammatory responses and the promotion of STAT3 phosphorylation in mice with KRAS mutations. Additionally, the researchers found that colorectal cancer patients with stroke onset within 3 months after cancer diagnosis had a worse prognosis.
THROMBOSIS RESEARCH
(2024)
Letter
Hematology
Tomoki Togashi, Satomi Nagaya, Makiko Meguro-Horike, Haruto Matsumoto, Yuta Imai, Koichi Yamaguchi, Yoshinari Fujii, Haruka Moriya, Yuika Kikuchi, Ibuki Yasuda, Shin-ichi Horike, Eriko Morishita
THROMBOSIS RESEARCH
(2024)
Article
Hematology
Marta Najarro, Winnifer Briceno, Carmen Rodriguez, Alfonso Muriel, Sara Gonzalez, Ana Castillo, Ignacio Jara, Parth Rali, Catalin Toma, Behnood Bikdeli, David Jimenez
Summary: The CPES score is a useful tool in identifying the risk of hemodynamic deterioration in normotensive patients with acute PE, with acceptable C-statistic, excellent specificity, and low positive predictive value.
THROMBOSIS RESEARCH
(2024)
Article
Hematology
Lei Liu, Huifang Xu, Jian Wang, Haiyan Wang, Saisai Ren, Qian Huang, Mingyan Zhang, Hui Zhou, Chunyan Yang, Lu Jia, Yu Huang, Hao Zhang, Yanling Tao, Ying Li, Yanan Min
Summary: This study investigated the gut microbiota metabolites and cytokines, chemokines, and growth factors in patients with ITP and found their association with treatment responsiveness. The findings suggest that imbalanced secretion of cyto(chemo)kins/growth factors and inadequate levels of TMAO are characteristic of patients with ITP.
THROMBOSIS RESEARCH
(2024)
Article
Hematology
Roxanne Mcknight, Mohammad Salameh, Lee Ann Jones, Greta Anton, Lindsay Carter
Summary: This study evaluated the safety of fixed-dose heparin titration boluses in underweight patients with VTE. The results showed that although underweight patients required more frequent holding of heparin, there was no significant increase in bleeding risk.
THROMBOSIS RESEARCH
(2024)