Journal
SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT
Volume 666, Issue -, Pages 1161-1168Publisher
ELSEVIER
DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2019.02.056
Keywords
Biological treatment; Produced water; Saline wastewaters; Hydraulic fracturing; Biodegradation; Glutaraldehyde
Categories
Funding
- United States National Science Foundation EAGER award [1353858]
- Div Of Chem, Bioeng, Env, & Transp Sys
- Directorate For Engineering [1353858] Funding Source: National Science Foundation
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Water generated by hydraulic fracturing for the production of oil and gas, commonly termed 'produced water', may contain residual organic compounds from the fracturing process or the subsurface formation. Biological treatment is a potential technology to remove residual organic compounds in produced water. Biocides are often added to both fracturing fluids and produced water to limit undesirable microbiological activity, and glutaraldehyde is the most commonly used biocide in hydraulic fracturing. Residual biocides in produced water can limit biological treatment efficiency. We evaluated the effect of glutaraldehyde on the biodegradation of five of the most commonly reported organic compounds in hydraulic fracturing fluids in an engineered biofilm treatment. Our results demonstrated that glutaraldehyde delays biological organic compound removal by introducing a biodegradation lag phase. In addition, the effects of glutaraldehyde were more pronounced for more rapidly degraded compounds. Finally, the presence of glutaraldehyde did not decrease microbial abundance nor drive microbial community structure, suggesting that observed effects were due to altered microbial activity. These results highlight the necessity to consider co-contaminant interactions during treatment of complex waste streams where residual biocide may be present. (C) 2019 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
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