Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Federico Di Staso, Mariachiara Di Pippo, Solmaz Abdolrahimzadeh
Summary: This review aims to elucidate the possible origins of choroidal neovascularization (CNV) by examining in vivo and in vitro models compared to clinical cases. It pays particular attention to histologic alterations and molecular cascades. Although the mechanisms are still partially obscure, experimental models are progressively enhancing our understanding of neovascularization etiology.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2023)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Deokho Lee, Ayaka Nakai, Yukihiro Miwa, Kazuno Negishi, Yohei Tomita, Toshihide Kurihara
Summary: Pathological choroidal neovascularization (CNV) is a major cause of visual impairment in neovascular age-related macular degeneration (AMD), and anti-vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) antibodies have been used to suppress CNV. However, some cases show failure of anti-VEGF therapies and the agents may induce ocular atrophy. Activation of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor alpha (PPAR alpha) with pemafibrate treatment has been suggested as a potential therapeutic target for preventing ocular ischemia. This study aimed to examine the preventive role of pemafibrate in laser-induced pathological CNV.
Review
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Jose H. Correia, Jose A. Rodrigues, Sara Pimenta, Tao Dong, Zhaochu Yang
Summary: Photodynamic therapy (PDT) is a minimally invasive therapeutic modality that selectively targets tumor cells by using photosensitizers and specific light wavelengths. New research on enhanced tumor selectivity of photosensitizers and improved effectiveness of PDT is being conducted, along with exploring new applications of PDT.
Review
Medicine, General & Internal
Jignesh Shah, Darshan Gandhi, Ankita Chauhan, Saurabh Gupta
Summary: Pediatric benign osteocytic tumors, such as osteoma, enostosis, osteoid osteoma, and osteoblastoma, are more common than malignancies. Diagnosis and management often rely on a systemic imaging approach, with radiographs being the most prevalent modality. CT scan is particularly useful for osteoid osteoma diagnosis and treatment guidance.
JOURNAL OF CLINICAL MEDICINE
(2021)
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Maria Failla, Rosario Caltabiano, Antonio Longo, Andrea Russo, Michele Reibaldi, Teresio Avitabile, Eliana Piombino, Cristina Colarossi, Lorenzo Colarossi, Elena Tirro, Paolo Vigneri, Pietro Valerio Foti, Giuseppe Broggi
Summary: Uveal melanoma (UM) is the most common primary intraocular tumor in adults with a very poor prognosis. The presence of balloon cell morphology is rare, especially in primary UM. This case report describes an unusual presentation of primary UM with diffuse balloon cell changes in a 69-year-old woman.
Article
Optics
Enrique J. Fernandez, Jose A. Villa-Carpes, Rosa M. Martinez-Ojeda, Francisco J. Avila, Juan M. Bueno
Summary: The study found that retinal thickness correlated with refraction at all eccentricities except the fovea, and the retinal thickness in the high myopia group was significantly different from the other two groups. In contrast, choroidal thickness showed a significant correlation with refraction at the fovea, but only in high myopes. Correlation with refraction was also found at the nasal location, between emmetropic and high myopia groups.
Article
Veterinary Sciences
Guillaume Marc Albertini, Alexandra Malbon, Anne Staudacher, Fabio Stabile
Summary: A 2-year-old male Cane Corso was euthanized due to a week-long history of ambulatory paraparesis and pelvic limb ataxia. MRI revealed intraventricular and spinal drop metastases. Histological examination confirmed a primary ventricular choroid plexus papilloma causing disseminated metastases. This is the first reported case of such occurrence.
FRONTIERS IN VETERINARY SCIENCE
(2023)
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Jinzha Zhang, Ke Zhang, Yijie Hao, Hongna Yang, Jingzhi Wang, Yawen Zhang, Wenbo Zhao, Shenglin Ma, Chun Mao
Summary: A walnut-shaped polydopamine nanomotor (PDA-PEG) modified with methoxypolyethylene glycol amine (mPEG-NH2) was synthesized. This nanomotor is driven by near-infrared light (NIR) and loaded with the photosensitizer indocyanine green (ICG) and ferric ion (Fe3+). The asymmetry of PDA-PEG morphology leads to autonomous movement, improving the permeability of the nanomotor in a 3D tumor sphere. Fe3+ catalyzes the production of oxygen, overcoming tumor microenvironment hypoxia and generating more singlet oxygen to kill tumor cells. Animal experiments confirmed the good synergistic treatment effect of the nanomotors in photothermal-photodynamic therapy (PTT-PDT).
JOURNAL OF COLLOID AND INTERFACE SCIENCE
(2023)
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Jasmin Meyer, Matthias Priemel, Tim Rolvien, Karl-Heinz Frosch, Carsten Schlickewei, Sinef Yarar-Schlickewei
Summary: Osteoid osteoma (OO) is a rare benign bone tumor in the hand. Misdiagnosis is common due to non-specific symptoms, posing a diagnostic challenge. In this case study, six phalangeal and carpal OO cases were retrospectively reviewed and compared in terms of demographics, clinical presentation, imaging findings, diagnosis time, surgical treatment, and outcomes. Swelling, bone enlargement, and nail hypertrophy are common manifestations. CT is the most sensitive imaging modality for diagnosing OO. Adequate surgical treatment leads to rare complications and recurrence.
Article
Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology
Jianquan Wang, Lingyun Hao, Xinhua Li, Sen Liu
Summary: Insufficient oxygen supply and hypoxia during tumor treatment can affect the therapeutic effect. However, the use of W18O49@EP nanoparticles can release reactive oxygen species during combined radiotherapy and photodynamic therapy, enhancing the treatment outcome.
FRONTIERS IN BIOENGINEERING AND BIOTECHNOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Engineering, Environmental
Huaxiao Liu, Jinzha Zhang, Yaning Jia, Xuan Liu, Xiaoqiang Chen, Wenbo Zhao, Chun Mao
Summary: Efficient nanotheranostic reagents, UCNPs@mSiO2-Au-Cys, are developed for tumor multimode imaging and photothermal/photodynamic combined therapy. The nanomotors, driven by 808 nm laser irradiation, improve tumor tissue permeability. The Au NPs provide photothermal conversion and act as nanocatalytic enzyme to enhance PDT efficacy. The UCNPs allow real-time online monitoring of therapeutic effect and tumor fluorescence imaging.
CHEMICAL ENGINEERING JOURNAL
(2022)
Article
Chemistry, Applied
Huifang Yao, Xiaobo Xiong, Feng Wu, Xiangyang Hu
Summary: The general mechanism of chemotherapeutic resistance is related to changes in the uptake and efflux rate of chemotherapeutic drugs or intracellular transport. In this study, a strategy to regulate the concentration of PTX in resistant cells using low concentrations of AIEgen PSs was proposed to effectively reduce side effects caused by excessive use of photosensitizers. Four AIEgen PSs were designed and synthesized with different structures and demonstrated excellent optical properties, biocompatibility, PDT effect, mitochondrial targeting, and cell imaging. Among them, TPESPy exhibited the strongest PDT effect in tumor cells and PTX resistant tumor cells, with a reversal coefficient of 2214. The study also investigated the transport mechanism of PTX within tumor cells and showed that the uptake and expel rate of PTX in PTX resistant SKOV-3 cells can be effectively changed by controlling the concentration of AIEgen PSs and light irradiation time, providing precise treatment options for drug-resistant tumor cells.
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Wojciech Domka, Dorota Bartusik-Aebisher, Maria Przygoda, Klaudia Dynarowicz, Jerzy Tomik, David Aebisher
Summary: Photodynamic therapy (PDT) affects cancer treatment by activating hormonal response. PDT-treated tumors release stress signals that lead to adrenal activity and the release of glucocorticoids (GCs). These released hormones play important roles in anticancer therapy, including regulating the activity of inflammatory and immune cells.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2023)
Article
Ophthalmology
Shailja Tibrewal, Ketaki Subhedar, Pradnya Sen, Amit Mohan, Shivanand Singh, Chintan Shah, Ken K. Nischal, Suma Ganesh
Summary: This study aimed to describe the clinical features, visual acuity, and causes of ocular morbidity in children with microphthalmos, anophthalmos, and coloboma (MAC) in North India. The results showed that the MAC group of disorders causes significant ocular morbidity, with worse visual acuity in patients with microcornea or microphthalmos with coloboma, and regional differences in the MAC phenotype presenting to the three institutes.
BRITISH JOURNAL OF OPHTHALMOLOGY
(2021)
Review
Dermatology
Sheng-Hsiang Ma, Po-Chien Wu, Jin-Yu Chang, Yun-Ting Chang, Ying-Xiu Dai
Summary: This study found an association between ocular abnormalities, such as dry eye and thinner subfoveal choroidal thickness, in patients with vitiligo. Dermatologists should pay attention to possible ocular comorbidities and refer vitiligo patients with eye symptoms to ophthalmologists for further management.
Editorial Material
Ophthalmology
Xiaolu Yang, Lauren A. Dalvin, Li-Anne S. Lim, Arman Mashayekhi, Jerry A. Shields, Carol L. Shields
Summary: In this small case series, ultra-low-dose (boom-boom) radiotherapy was effective in treating choroidal lymphoma with favorable response and minimal side effects. All patients showed complete tumor regression on follow-up, with no radiation complications and improvement in visual acuity.
EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF OPHTHALMOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Ophthalmology
Sanika Udyaver, Li-Anne S. Lim, Tatyana Milman, Arman Mashayekhi, Jerry A. Shields, Carol L. Shields
Summary: This study reports a rare case of intraocular schwannoma with extrascleral extension in a patient with juvenile idiopathic arthritis. Clinical diagnosis of this benign uveal tumor, which can mimic inflammatory and malignant processes, is challenging and tissue biopsy is required for definitive diagnosis.
EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF OPHTHALMOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Ophthalmology
Arman Mashayekhi, Lauren A. Dalvin, Li-Anne S. Lim, David Ancona-Lezama, Mehdi Mazloumi, Michael Chang, Carol L. Shields, Jerry A. Shields
Summary: The study found that 19% of patients with vitreoretinal lymphoma were associated with systemic lymphoma, and there were no significant differences in demographics, clinical features, or treatment response between the two groups.
RETINA-THE JOURNAL OF RETINAL AND VITREOUS DISEASES
(2021)
Article
Ophthalmology
Xiaolu Yang, Lauren A. Dalvin, Mehdi Mazloumi, Sandor Ferenczy, Li-Anne S. Lim, David Ancona-Lezama, Jerry A. Shields, Arman Mashayekhi, Carol L. Shields
Summary: SD-OCT features in patients with vitreoretinal lymphoma showed reduction in vitreous opacities, intraretinal deposits, subretinal deposits, and subretinal pigment epithelium deposits during local tumor regression, indicating its usefulness in assessing treatment response.
RETINA-THE JOURNAL OF RETINAL AND VITREOUS DISEASES
(2021)
Article
Ophthalmology
Mojtaba Abrishami, Zahra Emamverdian, Naser Shoeibi, Arash Omidtabrizi, Ramin Daneshvar, Talieh Saeidi Rezvani, Neda Saeedian, Saeid Eslami, Mehdi Mazloumi, SriniVas Sadda, David Sarraf
Summary: The study aimed to quantify the density of macular microvasculature and the area of the foveal avascular zone (FAZ) in COVID-19 recovered patients using OCTA analysis. Results showed significantly lower vessel density in both superficial and deep retinal capillary plexus of the COVID cohort, suggesting potential retinal vascular complications in patients with coronavirus infection.
CANADIAN JOURNAL OF OPHTHALMOLOGY-JOURNAL CANADIEN D OPHTALMOLOGIE
(2021)
Editorial Material
Ophthalmology
Irving Armando Dominguez-Varela, Jorge A. Aguilera-Partida, Lauren A. Dalvin, Lucas A. Garza-Garza, Leslie M. Thompson-Garcia, Alvaro Barbosa-Quintana, David Ancona-Lezama
Summary: This case report highlights a late-onset Retinoblastoma in a Hispanic girl, emphasizing the importance of considering Rb diagnosis in children over 5 years old and the necessity of a multidisciplinary approach for accurate diagnosis and treatment.
EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF OPHTHALMOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Ophthalmology
David Ancona-Lezama, Lucas A. Garza-Garza, Raul E. Ruiz-Lozano, Carol L. Shields, Luis G. Villagomez-Valdez, Julia O. De-Leija-Portilla
Summary: A 4-year-old girl presented with leukocoria, vision loss, and painless left eye redness. Examination revealed total retinal detachment and abnormal retinal vessels. Enucleation was performed due to poor visual prognosis and suspicion of malignancy, confirming the diagnosis of diffuse infiltrative retinoblastoma with atypical presentation.
Article
Ophthalmology
Mehdi Mazloumi, Morteza Entezari, Sanam Samadikhadem, Alireza Ramezani, Homayoun Nikkhah, J. Fernando Arevalo
Summary: This study found that patients with diabetic nephropathy had greater subfoveal choroidal thickness at baseline and were more likely to have subretinal fluid. External limiting membrane disruption and disorganization of retinal inner layers were predictors of best-corrected visual acuity at 3 months, while disorganization of retinal inner layers and duration of diabetes mellitus were predictors of central subfield thickness at 3 months.
RETINA-THE JOURNAL OF RETINAL AND VITREOUS DISEASES
(2022)
Article
Oncology
Anahita Sehgal, Jose S. Pulido, Arman Mashayekhi, Tatyana Milman, Gabor Gy Deak
Summary: Diagnosing vitreoretinal lymphoma is highly challenging due to the common occurrence of false negative results. This study retrospectively analyzed the sensitivity of various diagnostic methods and found that MyD88 mutation analysis caused by a hotspot mutation in MyD88 exhibited the highest sensitivity and lowest coefficient of variation.
Article
Genetics & Heredity
Eugenia M. Ramos-Davila, Lucas A. Garza-Garza, Rocio Villafuerte-de la Cruz, Dione Aguilar-Y-Mendez, Hector J. Morales-Garza, Manuel Garza-Leon, Raul E. Ruiz-Lozano, David Ancona-Lezama
Summary: Retinoblastoma (Rb) can be caused by inherited germline mutations with high penetrance, but only a small percentage of mutations are inherited. A rare case of a novel low-penetrance RB1 germline mutation was identified in a Mexican family with successful treatment outcomes. Long-term follow-up and implications for unaffected individuals need further study.
OPHTHALMIC GENETICS
(2022)
Article
Ophthalmology
Reza Mirshahi, Ahad Sedaghat, Ramin Jaberi, Zohreh Azma, Mehdi Mazloumi, Masood Naseripour
Summary: Ru-106 plaque radiotherapy is effective for treating thick and large uveal melanoma. Juxtapapillary tumors have a lower globe preservation rate, but the metastasis rate is not significantly different.
Article
Ophthalmology
Maura Di Nicola, Basil K. Williams Jr, Jing Hua, Vladislav P. Bekerman, Arman Mashayekhi, Jerry A. Shields, Carol L. Shields
Summary: This study retrospectively analyzed 17 patients with retinal hemangioblastoma who underwent photodynamic therapy (PDT). The results showed that PDT is an effective treatment for both juxtapapillary and peripheral retinal hemangioblastomas, providing satisfactory tumor control, resolution of subretinal and intraretinal fluid, and stable or improved visual acuity.
OPHTHALMOLOGY RETINA
(2022)
