Article
Chemistry, Applied
Fouad Laoutid, Henri Vahabi, Elnaz Movahedifar, Pascal Laheurte, Christelle Vagner, Marianne Cochez, Loic Brison, Mohammad Reza Saeb
Summary: This study discussed the effect of different calcium-based minerals in combination with ammonium polyphosphate on the flame retardancy behavior of ethylene vinyl acetate copolymer. The results show that hydrated calcium oxide combined with APP led to superior flame-retardant function, attributed to higher reactivity towards APP compared to calcium carbonate. Additionally, XRD analysis revealed the presence of more crystalline domains in the calcium/phosphorus-based compounds.
JOURNAL OF VINYL & ADDITIVE TECHNOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Polymer Science
Zheng Yang, Xueting Chen, Shike Lu, Zhenhua Wang, Jiantong Li, Baoying Liu, Xiaomin Fang, Tao Ding, Yuanqing Xu
Summary: The ammonium polyphosphate (APP) was modified by a titanate coupling agent to form a new type of intumescent flame retardant (Ti-IFR) when compounded with benzoxazine (BOZ) and melamine (ME). CaCO3 was used as a synergist with Ti-IFR to modify polyoxymethylene (POM). The flame-retardant properties and mechanism of the composites were analyzed, and it was found that Ti-IFR enhanced the gas phase flame retardant effect, while CaCO3 strengthened the barrier effect in the condensed phase. When used together, they exhibited excellent synergistic effect.
Article
Thermodynamics
Kesiya George, Smita Mohanty, Manoranjan Biswal, Sanjay K. Nayak
Summary: The study investigates the impact of different flame retardants on the performance of EPDM/KF rubber composites, showing that the combination of ZB and APP enhances the flame retardant properties and thermal stability of the composites.
JOURNAL OF THERMAL ANALYSIS AND CALORIMETRY
(2022)
Article
Agricultural Engineering
Lei Yu, Guochao Yang, Xuanye Wang, Jian Fang
Summary: This study employed an in-situ precipitation method to construct a double-shell ammonium polyphosphate microcapsule, with ethyl cellulose and nano-silica serving as shell materials. The microcapsule exhibited improved flame retardancy and fire safety, as evidenced by significant reductions in both maximum heat release rate and total heat release. The real-time Fourier transform infrared, scanning electron microscopy, and Raman spectrum analyses revealed the combustion process of the modified kraft paper. Physical and hygroscopicity tests demonstrated superior compatibility of the microcapsule with substrates.
INDUSTRIAL CROPS AND PRODUCTS
(2023)
Article
Materials Science, Ceramics
Fanchao Zeng, Yonghuan Zhao, Yang Meng, Juanjuan Su, Jian Han
Summary: In this study, organic-inorganic-modified ammonium polyphosphate (APP) flame retardant was prepared using a sol-gel method and successfully added into polyurethane to enhance its flame retardancy. The results showed that VTSAPP significantly improved the LOI value of PU and reduced the smoke released during combustion.
JOURNAL OF SOL-GEL SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Materials Science, Paper & Wood
Xu-Chen Jiang, Ping Li, Yun Liu, Jun-Sheng Wang
Summary: A flame-retardant coating was successfully constructed on ramie fabrics using the dip-pad-bake method, resulting in enhanced fire safety properties. The simple preparation process of RF-APPs using only APP provides a feasible solution for flame-retardant natural fibers reinforced composites.
Article
Polymer Science
Licong Jiang, Ming Gao, Leqin Xiao, Xinlong Wang, Weiliang Zhou
Summary: Microencapsulated ammonium polyphosphate (MAPP) and microencapsulated aluminum hypophosphite (MAHP) with polyurea were prepared, and flame retarded polyethylene composites were manufactured. LDPE composites with 17.3 wt% of MAPP and 3.9 wt% of MAHP achieved a LOI value of 27.3% and met the V-0 standard. The PHRR and THR were significantly decreased, and the tensile strength of LDPE/MAPP-MAHP was higher than LDPE/APP-AHP due to good dispersion and compatibility.
JOURNAL OF APPLIED POLYMER SCIENCE
(2023)
Article
Nanoscience & Nanotechnology
Jiaxin Sun, Lianxu Shi, Tingting Song, Caiying Sun
Summary: A novel phosphate-based flame retardant, SPMA, was synthesized and compounded with ammonium polyphosphate to improve the flame retardant properties of cotton fabrics. The results showed a significant increase in flame retardancy and the formation of a stable network structure on the char surface of flame retardant cotton fabrics.
ADVANCED COMPOSITES AND HYBRID MATERIALS
(2021)
Article
Polymer Science
Qining Ke, Junchen Bai, Ge Zhang, Jiacheng Zhang, Mingshu Yang
Summary: A linear vinyl polysiloxane (PD) was synthesized and self-crosslinked under benzoyl peroxide to prepare surface-coated ammonium polyphosphate (APP@PD), which exhibited high hydrophobicity. PP/APP@PD/DPER showed better flame retardancy, water resistance, and mechanical properties compared to PP/APP/DPER composites. The improvement in compatibility and flame retardancy was attributed to the reduced interfacial free energy (IFE) between APP@PD and PP.
Article
Polymer Science
Feiyue Wang, Jiahao Liao, Long Yan, Mengtao Cai
Summary: In this study, a unique mono-component intumescent flame retardant PPy-MAPP was synthesized and applied to epoxy resin to obtain flame-retarded EP composites. The results demonstrate that PPy-MAPP greatly improves the flame retardancy and smoke suppression properties of EP. The mechanical test shows that PPy-MAPP has a minimal negative effect on the tensile strength and elastic modulus of epoxy resin.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Qing Zhang, Huiyuan Liu, Junxia Guan, Xiaochun Yang, Baojing Luo
Summary: In this study, phosphating sesbania gum (DESG) was obtained by modifying sesbania gum (SG), and flame-retardant polylactic acid (PLA) composites were prepared by blending with DESG and ammonium polyphosphate (APP). The experimental results showed that the synergistic effect of DESG and APP effectively improved the flame retardancy of PLA.
Article
Polymer Science
Zheng Li, Zuodong Qin, Chunxuan Li, Guimei Zhang, Aozheng Zhang, Sisi Li, Guoqi Liang, Xin Wang, Wufei Tang
Summary: Nano calcium carbonate was treated with tetrabutyl titanate sol and nickel hydroxide, resulting in the formation of a new flame retardant called Ni-TiO2@CaCO3. This flame retardant was then introduced into epoxy resin to improve its flame retardancy and thermal stability. The addition of Ni-TiO2@CaCO3 significantly reduced the peak heat release rate and smoke production rate of the epoxy resin, and improved its degradation temperature and char residues. The flame retardancy mechanism of the Ni-TiO2@CaCO3/EP composite was thoroughly analyzed using various methods.
POLYMER DEGRADATION AND STABILITY
(2023)
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Jingjing Yang, Yifang Hua, Jun Sun, Xianming Wang, Xiaoyu Gu, Sheng Zhang
Summary: By synthesizing and introducing a high-effective boron-containing flame retardant PBMA-APP, the fire resistance and impact toughness of epoxy resin are significantly improved without compromising its tensile strength.
ADVANCED ENGINEERING MATERIALS
(2023)
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Zhu-Bao Shao, Tian-Ci Wang, Xue-Bao Lin, Xiang Song, Jing Cui, Shuai Zhang, Longxiang Zhu
Summary: A nanolayered double hydroxide/ ammonium polyphosphate (BLDH@APP) composite was prepared to reduce fire hazard and improve the mechanical performances of epoxy resin (EP). The 4B-LDH@APP/EP achieved the UL-94 V-0 rating and showed superior flame-safety performance compared to 4APP/EP. The fire growth rate, peak heat release rate, and peak smoke production rate of 4B-LDH@APP/EP decreased significantly, which can be attributed to the excellent synergistic flame-retardant effect among boron, LDH, and APP.
ACS APPLIED POLYMER MATERIALS
(2023)
Article
Polymer Science
Anothai Suwanniroj, Nitinat Suppakarn
Summary: In this study, flame-retardant poly (butylene succinate) (PBS) composites were developed using a bio-based intumescent flame retardant (IFR) system. Water hyacinth fiber (WHF) was used as a bio-based carbon source, and ammonium polyphosphate (APP) served as an acid source and blowing agent. The results showed that the 15WHF/30APP/PBS composite with a specific WHF to APP ratio and total IFR content exhibited excellent flame retardancy, improved thermal stability, and enhanced mechanical properties.
Review
Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology
Negin Jalilinejad, Mohammad Rabiee, Nafiseh Baheiraei, Ramin Ghahremanzadeh, Reza Salarian, Navid Rabiee, Omid Akhavan, Payam Zarrintaj, Aleksander Hejna, Mohammad Reza Saeb, Ali Zarrabi, Esmaeel Sharifi, Satar Yousefiasl, Ehsan Nazarzadeh Zare
Summary: Human cardiac tissue lacks proper self-regenerating capability, making tissue engineering critical for addressing the growing rate of deaths associated with cardiovascular disorders. Carbon-based nanomaterials, specifically their conductivity, have revolutionized tissue engineering by providing an appropriate microenvironment for cell protection against attacking mechanisms. The use of conductive biomaterials in cardiac tissue engineering, including graphene, graphene oxide, carbon nanotubes, and carbon nanofibers, has been studied extensively.
BIOENGINEERING & TRANSLATIONAL MEDICINE
(2023)
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Razieh Moradi, Ghodsi Mohammadi Ziarani, Alireza Badiei
Summary: This study focuses on the one-pot synthesis of spiro[indoline- 3,4'-pyrano[2,3-c] pyrazole] derivatives using isatins, pyrazolones, and malononitrile in aqueous media. The methodology offers mild and neutral reaction conditions, short reaction times, high yields, and operational simplicity.
RESEARCH ON CHEMICAL INTERMEDIATES
(2023)
Retraction
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Fatemeh Mohajer, Ghodsi Mohammadi Ziarani, Alireza Badiei
RESEARCH ON CHEMICAL INTERMEDIATES
(2023)
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Parisa Mofatehnia, Dawood Elhamifar, Ghodsi Mohammadi Ziarani
Summary: A novel copper-containing Fe3O4@Gelatin material was prepared, characterized, and its catalytic activity was studied. The Fe3O4@Gelatin-Cu was prepared by coating natural gelatin polymer on magnetic Fe3O4 NPs followed by treatment with copper salt. The Fe3O4@Gelatin-Cu exhibited high yield of desired products, good recoverability, reusability, and stability, making it a valuable material in the catalytic world.
RESEARCH ON CHEMICAL INTERMEDIATES
(2023)
Article
Engineering, Multidisciplinary
S. Ehsanimehr, R. Sonnier, M. Badawi, F. Ducos, N. Kadi, M. Skrifvars, M. R. Saeb, H. Vahabi
Summary: The new generation of mission-oriented fabrics fulfill advanced requirements such as electrical conductivity, flame retardancy, and anti-bacterial properties. However, sustainability concerns remain important in the production of multi-functional fabrics. This study introduced a bio-based phosphorus molecule (phytic acid, PA) to enhance flame retardancy in flax fabrics through consecutive surface modification. The modified fabric exhibited improved flame resistance, mechanical behavior, and surface friction resistance.
Review
Environmental Sciences
Hussein E. Al-Hazmi, Ali Mohammadi, Aleksander Hejna, Joanna Majtacz, Amin Esmaeili, Sajjad Habibzadeh, Mohammad Reza Saeb, Michael Badawi, Eder C. Lima, Jacek Makinia
Summary: Considering water scarcity and increased water consumption, sustainable water recycling and wastewater reuse are urgent. A comprehensive literature review reveals that poor treatment of wastewater leads to increased pathogen and microbial threats, plant and soil contamination, as well as potential long-term health risks from emerging pollutants. Standardized analytical techniques should be developed to assess the effects of hazardous chemicals and heavy metals on human health.
ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH
(2023)
Article
Green & Sustainable Science & Technology
Paulina Wisniewska, Natalia A. Wojcik, Jacek Ryl, Robert Bogdanowicz, Henri Vahabi, Krzysztof Formela, Mohammad Reza Saeb
Summary: Recycling and management of rubber wastes have reached an early-stage maturity in the pursuit of sustainable and circular materials. However, the solutions for sustainable development of rubber wastes are limited, resulting in inadequate properties and performance features of recycled products. In this study, a experimental protocol is introduced for manufacturing semi-sustainable polymer composites using ground tire rubber (GTR) and ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer (EVA). The resulting composites are analyzed for their processing, properties, and performance features. The study shows promising properties and performance for highly-loaded 50/50 GTR/EVA systems, with good flexibility for additive manufacturing. The tensile strength is independent of carbon black (CB) type and blend composition, while the elongation at break changes depending on the CB type and content. The thermal stability, flame retardancy, and electrical conductivity of the composites are also examined.
JOURNAL OF CLEANER PRODUCTION
(2023)
Review
Chemistry, Applied
Henri Vahabi, Fatemeh Gholami, Martin Tomas, Elnaz Movahedifar, Mohsen Khodadadi Yazdi, Mohammad Reza Saeb
Summary: Hydrogels and aerogels are multifunctional engineering materials with promising characteristics such as toughness, flexibility, water absorption capacity, and porosity. They have been extensively researched and used as flame-retardant materials, and their latest advancements and future developments in flame retardancy are reviewed in this work.
JOURNAL OF VINYL & ADDITIVE TECHNOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Danixa Rodriguez-Melendez, Dallin L. Smith, Sarah G. Fisher, Rodolphe Sonnier, Henri Vahabi, Jaime C. Grunlan
Summary: This study presents a two-step polyelectrolyte complex (PEC) coating that renders flax fabric self-extinguishing, addressing the inherent flammability issue of flax. The results demonstrate that the PEC treatment effectively reduces the flammability of flax fabric, making it a promising option for the development of functional fibers and bio-composite reinforcement materials.
MACROMOLECULAR MATERIALS AND ENGINEERING
(2023)
Review
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Ghodsi Mohammadi Ziarani, Dorsa Ebrahimi, Fatemeh Mohajer, Rajender S. Varma, Siavash Iravani
Summary: Multicomponent reactions (MCRs) are important in organic synthesis for their ability to efficiently construct complex structures in a single step. Meldrum's acid stands out as a versatile starting material in MCRs, offering a wide range of molecular diversity. This comprehensive review explores the scope of Meldrum's acid in various MCRs, emphasizing its unique attributes and environmentally friendly applications. Rating: 8/10.
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Fatemeh Mohajer, Ghodsi Mohammadi Ziarani, Alireza Badiei, Rajender S. Varma, Sunil V. Gaikwad, Jagpreet Singh
Summary: 2-substituted perimidines have great potential in environmental remediation and can be used to detect contaminated ions. Specifically, 2-(3-nitrophenyl)-2,3-dihydro-1H-perimidine acts as a Hg2+ detector with excellent sensitivity and selectivity.
MOLECULAR CATALYSIS
(2023)
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Shadi Asgari, Ghodsi Mohammadi Ziarani, Alireza Badiei, Rajender S. Varma, Siavash Iravani, Fatemeh Mohajer
Summary: By incorporating modified black phosphorus nanosheets (BPNs) into conductive polymeric nanofibers (NFs), the photocatalytic activity of BPNs can be enhanced, while overcoming their drawbacks in powdered form.
Review
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Fatemeh Mohajer, Ghodsi Mohammadi Ziarani, Alireza Badiei, Siavash Iravani, Rajender S. S. Varma
Summary: Covalent organic frameworks (COFs) are crystal-like organic structures that can be prepared from pre-designed construction block precursors, and they have been widely studied for various applications such as sensing/imaging, cancer theranostics, drug delivery, tissue engineering, wound healing, and antimicrobials. COFs have desirable properties such as harmonious pore size, enduring porosity, thermal stability, and low density, and they can be functionalized with various groups to provide desired constituents. Recent advancements in the applications of COF-based systems against bacterial infections and for wound healing are discussed, focusing on challenges and future guidelines.
